Before Take-off CheckExercise 2.5.1 Read and translate the text using the word list. As Victor Alpha gets under way once more, John calls for the Before Take-off Check. Harry starts with a check of the flight controls. He turns his control column one way, then the other, pushes it full forward and then pulls it into his lap to ensure that he has full movement of the ailerons and elevators. Seen from the outside, the control surfaces on the wings and tail appear to wiggle and wag. The synoptic on the lower EICAS shows them moving to full deflection and then back to neutral. To complete the check, John gives each rudder pedal a slow, steady push in each direction and Harry follows through on his own pedals. The rudder pedals are also connected to the nose wheel steering. While the rudders are being checked, John has to use the tiller to counteract the effort of the pedals to move the nose wheel as well, which requires some dexterity. The traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS) is turned ON. As the name implies, this system alerts the pilots to other aircraft in close proximity. If the jet is on a collision course, it will warn the crew and provide instructions to climb, descend or remain level to avoid the other aircraft. The crew confirm that the stabilizer trim is at the required setting and that the aileron and rudder trims are set to zero. They also double-check that the vital take-off data have been set on the instruments – the speeds are confirmed on the airspeed tapes; the correct runway is displayed on the NDs (navigation displays) and the power setting selected for take-off appears atop the engine displays on the upper EICAS. By now, the final load sheet figures have scrolled out of the ACARS (airborne community aerodrome radio station) printer. It takes into account any no-show passengers and any last-minute changes to the cargo load. In this case, the updated take-off weight of 364.3 tonnes is marginally less than the provisional figure but the change isn’t big enough to require reworking of the performance calculations. Once the procedures are completed, Harry reads the Before Take-off checklist and John responds. Air-conditioning packs, lights and the cabin crew signal will be done as the jet enters the runway. In the cabin the passengers have been shown the safety video and now, just prior to take-off, the flight attendants confirm that carry-on bags are stowed and everyone has their seatbelt fastened. Exercise 2.5.2 Answer the questions. 1. What does John call for when Victor Alpha begins to taxi again? 2. What does Harry start doing at once? 3. What does he do with the control column? 4. Why does he do it? 5. What do the control surfaces appear to do when seen from outside? 6. What does the synoptic on the lower EICAS show? 7. What does John do to complete the check? 8. What are also the rudder pedals connected to? 9. What does John have to use to counteract the effort of the pedals? 10. Does it require any dexterity? 11. Is the TCAS turned on or off? 12. What is the purpose of this system? 13. Which instructions does the TCAS provide if the aircraft is on a collision course? 14. What do the crew do with the trims? 15. What do they double-check? 16. Where have the load sheet figures scroll? 17. Which information is shown in this document? 18. What is the updated take-off weight of the 747? 19. It is bigger or smaller than the provisional figure? 20. Is this change big enough to require reworking of the performance calculations? 21. What does Harry read when all the procedures are completed? 22. Who responds to him? 23. What else will be done when the jet enters the runway? 24. What have the passengers been shown by this time? 25. What do the flight attendants do? Exercise 2.5.3 Are the following statements true (√) or false (×)? Correct the false ones. 1. When Speedbird starts moving again, John calls for the After Start Check. 2. Harry starts with a check of the flight controls. 3. The pilot turns his control column both ways, pushes it forward and then pulls it back to ensure that he has full movement of the ailerons and elevators. 4. The control surfaces on the wings and tail appear to move in every possible direction. 5. The synoptic on the lower EICAS shows the control surfaces moving to partial deflection and then back to neutral. 6. To complete the check, John gives each rudder pedal a quick push in each direction. 7. The rudder pedals are connected to the main gear steering. 8. John has to use the tiller to counteract the effort of the rudder pedals to move the nose wheel. 9. This task is quite simple. 10. The traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS) is also checked. 11. The TCAS alerts the pilots to other aircraft in close proximity. 12. If the jet is on a collision course, the TCAS will warn the crew and provide instructions to turn right or left to avoid collision. 13. The crew confirm that the stabilizer trim is at the required setting. 14. The aileron and rudder trims are set to 20°. 15. The pilots double-check that the speeds are confirmed on the airspeed tapes. 16. The crew confirm that the correct runway is displayed on the NDs (navigation displays). 17. The pilots check whether the power setting selected for take-off appears atop the engine displays on the lower EICAS. 18. The final load sheet figures have scrolled out of the ACARS (airborne community aerodrome radio station) printer. 19. The load sheet takes into account any no-show passengers and any last-minute changes to the cargo load. 20. The updated take-off weight is much bigger than the provisional figure. 21. The change is so big that it requires reworking of the performance calculations. 22. After that Harry reads the Before Take-off checklist and John responds. 23. Air-conditioning packs, lights and the cabin crew signal are also done before the jet enters the runway. 24. In the cabin the passengers have been told about the safety procedures. 25. The flight attendants help the passengers with their hand luggage. 26. They also confirm that everyone has their seatbelt fastened. Exercise 2.5.4 Give English equivalents for the following words and word combinations. Cистема автоматической связи и отправки донесений; противодействовать; cтолкновение; наверху; отклонение; ручная кладь; установка мощности двигателя; подразумевать; курс, грозящий столкновением; сдвинуться с места; руль высоты; штурвал; ловкость; органы управления полетом; усилие; график зaгрузки; бегущая схема; руль направления; пассажир, не явившийся на посадку; хранить; появляться в виде ленты с надписью; следовать; индикатор навигационных данных; предварительно; триммер; обновленный; система предупреждения об опасности столкновения; извиваться; близость; качаться; принимать во внимание. Exercise 2.5.5 What do the following abbreviations stand for?
Exercise 2.5.6 Find in the text synonyms for the following words and expressions. Inspection; onward; seem; wave; deviation; finish; constant; linked; do the same; neutralize; attempt; shift; need; skill; clash; escape; suggest; nearness; order; heading; stewardess/ steward; foregoing; hand luggage; conditional; missing passenger; answer; get in (to); estimation. Exercise 2.5.7 Match the word combinations and expressions in column A with those in column B.
Exercise 2.5.8 Fill in the gaps with the words from the text choosing from the ones given in brackets. 1. Victor Alpha _____ (puts; pushes; gets) under way. 2. John calls for the Before Take-off _______ (Procedure; Check; Instruction). 3. Harry starts with a check of the ______ (flight; aircraft; on-board) controls. 4. He turns his control ______ (signal; driver; column) one way, then the other. 5. He pushes it full ____ (forward; sideward; backward) and then pulls it into his lap. 6. Harry wants to ensure that he has full ____ (motion; move; movement) of the ailerons and elevators. 7. ____ (Been; Seen; Seem) from the outside, the control ____ (surfaces; elements; units) on the wings and tail appear to wiggle and wag. 8. The synoptic on the lower EICAS shows them moving to full _____ (reflection; definition; deflection) and then back to neutral. 9. To _____ (comprise; comprehend; complete) the check, John gives each rudder pedal a slow, steady push in each ___ (direction; course; range). 10. Harry ____ (follows; goes; moves) through on his own pedals. 11. The rudder pedals are also ____ (connecting: connected; connectable) to the nose wheel steering. 12. While the rudders are ____ (be; been; being) checked, John has to use the tiller. 13. He has to do it to counteract the ____ (effort; effect; affect) of the pedals to move the nose wheel as well. 14. This action requires some ____ (deviation; determination; dexterity). 15. The traffic alert and collision ____ (avoidance; return; reward) system is turned ON. 16. As the name _____ (replies; implies; improves), this system alerts the pilots to other aircraft in close _____ (proximity; approximation; approximately). 17. If the jet is on a collision course, it will ____ (await; award; warn) the crew. 18. The crew confirm that the stabilizer trim is at the ____ (respected; removed; required) setting. 19. Now they know that the aileron and rudder ____ (brims; trims; rims) are set to zero. 20. The pilots double-check that the vital take-off data have been set on the ____ (instruments; instrumentation; instrumentality). 21. The speeds are _____ (affirmed; acknowledged; confirmed) on the airspeed tapes. 22. The ____ (correct; corrected; corrective) runway is displayed on the navigation displays. 23. The power _____ (set; setting; seat) is selected for take-off. 24. The _____ (appropriate; proper; approved) indication appears atop the engine displays on the upper EICAS. 25. The final load sheet _____ (figures; figuration; figurants) have scrolled out of the airborne community aerodrome radio station printer. 26. This system takes into ____ (count; counting; account) any no-show passengers and any last-minute changes to the cargo load. 27. the updated take-off weight is marginally less than the ____ (provision; providing; provisional) figure. 28. The change isn’t big enough to ____ (require; request; recall) reworking of the performance ____ (calculations; calculators; calculatings). 29. Soon the ___ (procedural; procedure; precedence) is completed. 30. Harry reads the Before Take-off checklist and John ___ (responds; respects; reports). 31. Air-conditioning ____ (packages; packets; packs) will be done as the jet enters the runway. 32. In the cabin the passengers have been shown the ____ (safety; safe; safely) video. 33. Prior to take-off the flight attendants confirm that carry-on bags are ____ (stowed; stewed; stacked). 34. They also confirm that everyone has their seatbelt ___ (fast; fasted; fastened). Exercise 2.5.9 Fill in the gaps with the necessary form of the words given in brackets. 1. The pilot wants to ensure that he has full _____ of the ailerons and elevators. (MOVE) 2. ____ from the outside, the control surfaces on the wings and tail appear to wiggle and wag. (SEE) 3. The synoptic on the _____ EICAS shows them moving to full ______. (LOW + DEFLECT) 4. John gives each rudder pedal a slow, steady push in each _____. (DIRECT) 5. The rudder pedals are ______ to the nose wheel ______. (CONNECT + STEER) 6. While the rudders are _____ + _____, John has to use the tiller. (BE + CHECK) 7. This requires some _____. (DEXTERIOUS) 8. The traffic alert and _______ + _______ system is turned ON. (COLLIDE + AVOID) 9. The TCAS alerts the pilots to other aircraft in close ______. (PROXIMATE) 10. The crew confirm that the stabilizer trim is at the ______ + _______. (REQUIRE + SET) 11. The speeds are _______ on the airspeed tapes. (CONFIRM) 12. The correct runway is ____ on the _____ displays. (DISPLAY + NAVIGATE) 13. The power setting ______ for take-off appears atop the engine displays on the _____ EICAS. (SELECT + UP) 14. The final load sheet figures have _______ out of the ACARS ______. (SCROLL + PRINT) 15. It takes into ______ any no-show passengers. (COUNT) 16. The updated take-off weight is ______ less than the _______ figure. (MARGINE + PROVIDE) 17. The change isn’t big enough to require reworking of the ______ + _______. (PERFORM + CALCULATE) 18. Once the ______ are completed, Harry reads the Before Take-off checklist. (PROCEDURAL) 19. Air- ______ packs, lights and the cabin crew signal will be _____ as the jet enters the runway. (CONDITION + DO) 20. In the cabin the passengers have been shown the _____ video. (SAFE) 21. The flight ______ confirm that carry-on bags are _____. (ATTEND + STOW) 22. They also confirm that everyone has their seatbelt _____. (FAST) Exercise 2.5.10 In the list below the box find a definition for the given words.
1. moveable surfaces on the wingsand tail planeof the aircraftused to control the direction and attitudeof the aircraft in flight 2. small control surfaces on the outer aft part of the wings which are used to roll and turn the aircraft 3. a hinged control surface on the vertical stabilizer or fin of the aircraft used to control the aircraft in yaw 4. a wheel or lever in the cockpit which controls the nose wheel steering mechanism and by which the pilots can steer the aircraft on the ground 5. a horizontal part of the tail planewhich may be moved to balance the aircraft aerodynamically in the vertical or pitch plane 6. performance related target and limiting speeds including V1, V2, etc. 7. one of the displays in the cockpit whose function includes display of the geographic position of the aircraft and various radio aids 8. the document which lists the weight and position of all persons, freight, fuel, etc. on boardthe aircraftto ensure correct balance 9. a safety belt provided at all aircraft seats which must be fastened about the person’s waist at all times when the seat belt sign is illuminated 10. bags and personal items which meet the necessary safety standards and dimensions and so may be carried on board and stowed under the seat or in the overhead bins by passengers Exercise 2.5.11 Translate the following sentences into English. 1. Когда воздушное судно снова начинает двигаться, Джон объявляет предвзлетную проверку. 2. Гарри начинает с проверки органов управления полетом. 3. Он поворачивает штурвал сначала в одну сторону, потом в другую. 4. Пилот отжимает штурвал до упора вперед, а затем тянет его на себя. 5. Он делает это, чтобы удостовериться, что элероны и стабилизаторы дают полный ход. 6. Если смотреть снаружи, управляющие поверхности на крыльях и хвосте, кажется, качаются и извиваются. 7. Бегущая схема на нижнем дисплее ЭЙКАС показывает, что они двигаются до полного отклонения, а затем назад в нейтральное положение. 8. Для завершения проверки Джон медленно и равномерно нажимает на каждую педаль руля направления во все стороны, а Гарри делает то же самое со своими педалями. 9. Педали руля направления соединены также с управлением носовым колесом. 10. Во время проверки рулей направления Джону приходится пользоваться штурвальчиком управления носовым колесом, чтобы противодействовать усилию педалей двигать носовое колесо, что требует некоторой ловкости. 11. Система ТИКАС включена. 12. Как предполагает ее название, эта система предупреждает пилотов о наличии других воздушных судов в опасной близости. 13. Если самолет окажется на курсе, грозящем столкновением, она предупредит экипаж и выдаст инструкции набирать, снижаться или оставаться на прежнем эшелоне, чтобы избежать столкновения. 14. Экипаж удостоверяется, что триммер стабилизатора выставлен в необходимое положение и что триммеры элеронов и рулей направления выставлены на ноль. 15. Пилоты дополнительно перепроверяют, чтобы жизненно важные данные для взлета были выставлены на приборах. 16. Ограничивающие скорости воздушного судна подтверждаются на пленках скоростей, правильный номер ВПП отражается на навигационных дисплеях, и установка мощности, выбранная для взлета, появляется в верхней части дисплеев двигателей в верхней части дисплея системы ЭЙКАС. 17. К этому времени окончательные цифры загрузочной ведомости выползли из принтера системы ЭКЭРС. 18. В этой ведомости учтены все не явившиеся к рейсу пассажиры и любые изменения в отношении погрузки груза, предпринятые в последнюю минуту. 19. В данном случае обновленные данные по взлетному весу в 364, 3 тонны с запасом меньше, чем обусловленная цифра, но изменения не настолько большие, чтобы могло понадобиться переделывать расчеты взлетных характеристик. 20. Как только завершены все процедуры, Гарри читает предполетный контрольный перечень, а Джон отвечает. 21. Установки кондиционирования, светосигнализация для бортпроводников будут проверены, когда самолет выедет на ВПП. 22. В салоне пассажирам показали видеофильм о проблемах безопасности, и сейчас, перед самым взлетом, бортпроводники удостоверяются, чтобы ручная кладь была убрана и чтобы все пассажиры пристегнули ремни безопасности. Exercise 2.5.12 Make up your own sentences using the following words and word combinations. Get under; ensure; appear to; steady; counteract; in close proximity; required setting; double-check; vital; load sheet; take into account; no-show passengers; last-minute changes; updated; reworking; carry-on bags; stow. Exercise 2.5.13 Retell the text.
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