Fuel management during the flightExercise 3.11.1 Read and translate the text. At 00.32 UTC a cheery ‘good morning’ signals Harry’s return to the flightdeck and the pilots shuffle seats. John retires to the bunk for his well-deserved break. Bob moves to the left seat and Harry slips into the right side. He eyes the rough terrain passing by his side window and quips. ‘I don’t see people lining up to ski those slopes’. The 23 tonnes of fuel in the centre tank was consumed about two hours into the flight. Since then the engines have been drawing on main tanks 2 and 3. As the fuel quantity in these tanks dropped, the eight tonnes of fuel in the two reserve tanks was automatically transferred over. Now the EICAS message ‘FUEL TANK/ENG’ appears, indicating that the remaining 52 tonnes of Jet A-1 are spread roughly equally across the four main tanks. Bob switches off override pumps 2 and 3 and closes the crossfeed valves that connect main tanks 1 and 4 with tanks 2 and 3. This causes the fuel system to feed ‘tank-to-engine’ for the remainder of the flight. Victor Alpha is cruising at Mach 0.85, burning 2.3 tonnes of fuel an hour per engine. The route through China is not a direct one. Instead it crosses the northern section of the country before heading south. The final stages zig and zag over the southern provinces into Hong Kong. At 00.54 UTC the jet reaches the remote city of Hami. To the north are the Gobi Desert and Mongolia. To the south is the salt lake of Lop Nur where the Chinese once tested their nuclear weapons. Ahead lies CHW, the VOR at Jiayuguan. This ancient fortress city, which guards a mountain pass was long considered the western stronghold of the empire. Exercise 3.11.2 Answer the questions. 1. What does Harry’s cheery “good morning” signal? 2. What does John do? 3. What do Bob and Harry do? 4. What does Harry eye? 5. Does Harry see any people lining up to ski? 6. How much fuel was consumed? 7. What tanks have the engines been drawing on? 8. Why was eight tonnes of fuel transferred into the two reserve tanks? 9. What does the message “FUEL TANK/ENG” indicate? 10. What does Bob do? 11. What Mach number is Victor Alpha cruising at? 12. How much fuel is each engine burning per hour? 13. Is the route through China a direct one? 14. What section of the country does the route cross? 15. What are the final stages of the route? 16. What time does Speedbird 25 reach Hami? 17. What did the Chinese do at Lop Nur? 18. Which city guards a mountain pass? 19. Why was the city considered the stronghold of the empire? Exercise 3.11.3 Are the following statements true (√) or false (×)? Correct the false ones. 1. Harry returns to the flightdeck and the pilots shuffle seats. 2. It is John’s turn to have a well-deserved break. 3. Bob moves to the left seat and Harry slips into the right side. 4. Harry didn’t see people lining up to ski. 5. 25 tonnes of fuel in the centre tank was consumed about two hours into the flight. 6. The engines have been drawing on main tanks 2 and 3. 7. The fuel quantity dropped on main tanks 2 and 3. 8. Ten tonnes of fuel in the two reserve tanks was automatically transferred over. 9. The remaining fuel was spread roughly equally across the four main tanks. 10. Bob switches off override pumps 2 and 3. 11. Speedbird 25 is cruising at Mach 0.85. 12. Victor Alpha is burning 2.8 tonnes of fuel an hour per engine. 13. The route through China is a direct one. 14. The route crosses the northern section of the country before heading south. 15. The final stages zig and zag over the southern provinces. 16. The Gobi Desert and Mongolia are to the north of the route. 17. The salt lake of Lop Nur is in the south where the Chinese once tested their nuclear weapons. 18. Jiaguguan is an ancient fortress city. 19. The town of Jiaguguan was long considered the western stronghold of the empire. Exercise 3.11.4 Give English equivalents for the following words and word combinations. Веселое, приветливое «доброе утро»; обменяться местами; желаемый, ожидаемый отдых; левое/ правое кресло; наблюдать за неровной местностью; боковое окно; кататься на лыжах; шутить, острить; 23 тонны топлива; центральный бак; количество топлива; несколько резервных баков; автоматически; оставшиеся тонны горючего; основные баки; распределять равномерно; выключать насос; оставшаяся часть полета; каждый двигатель сжигал 2, 3 тонны горючего в час; маршрут через Китай; спрямленный маршрут; северная часть страны; зигзагообразный путь; отдаленный город; пустыня Гоби; соленое озеро; испытывать ядерное оружие; древний город-крепость; твердыня, оплот. Exercise 3.11.5 What do the following abbreviations strand for?
Exercise 3.11.6 Find in the text synonyms for the following words and expressions. Merry; gay; change; tonnes of fuel left; showing that; turn off; join; produce; the rest (the last part) of the flight; route via China; northern part of…; last; distant; out-of-the-way; isolated; to examine; try. Exercise 3.11.7 Match the word combinations and expressions in column A with those in column B.
Exercise 3.11.8 Fill in the gaps with the words from the text choosing from the ones given in brackets. 1. At 00.32 UTC, a __________ (merry, joyful, cheery) “good morning” signaled Harry’s _________ (revert, return, coming back) to the flighdeck. 2. When Harry returned, the pilots __________ (changed, shuffled, displaced) seats. 3. John got his well-deserved _________ (rest, stop, break). 4. He _________ (watched, observed, eyed)the rough terrain passing by his side window. 5. 23 tonnes of fuel in the central tank was _________ (absorbed, spent, consumed) about two hours into the flight. 6. The engines have been ________ (working, functioning, drawing) on main tanks 2 and 3. 7. The fuel quantity in the tanks _________ (lowered, reduced, dropped). 8. Bob closed the crossfeed valves that ________ (united, joined, connected) main tanks 1 and 4 with tanks 2 and 3. 9. This caused the fuel system to feed “tank-to-engine” for the ________ (remainder, rest, last part) of the flight. 10. Victor Alpha is ________ (maintaining, flying, cruising) at Mach 0.85. 11. The route ________ (via, across, through) China is not a direct one. 12. The jet reached the _________ (distant, remote, out-of-the way) city of Hami. 13. The Chinese ________ (tried, experienced, tested) the nuclear weapons. 14. The ancient fortress city was long ________ (regarded, considered, respected) the western stronghold of the empire. Exercise 3.11.9 Fill in the gaps with the related words. 1. Harry eyes the rough terrain _________ his side window. (PASS BY) 2. John wants to have his well- _________ break. (DESERVE) 3. He doesn’t see people _________ to ski the slopes. (LINE UP) 4. Tonnes of fuel was __________ about two hours into the flight. (CONSUME) 5. The __________ tonnes of fuel was spread equally across the four main tanks. (REMAIN) 6. The _________ tested their nuclear weapons. (CHINA) 7. The ancient fortress city, which __________ a mountain pass, was long considered the western stronghold of the empire. (GUARD) Exercise 3.11.10 Translate the following sentences into English. 1. Веселое «доброе утро» Гарри означало его появление в кабине, и пилоты поменялись местами. 2. Джон пошел отдохнуть. 3. Боб пересел в левое кресло, а Гарри уселся в правое. 4. Гарри следил за местностью из бокового окна. 5. Он говорил, что не видел людей, поднимающихся на горы, чтобы съехать на лыжах. 6. 23 тонны горючего в центральном баке было использовано. 7. Двигатели работали на топливе из баков №2 и №3. 8. Так как количество топлива в баках уменьшилось, восемь тонн горючего в двух резервных топливных баках были автоматически перекачаны. 9. Сообщение «Топливо бак/ двигатель» появилось, свидетельствуя о том, что оставшиеся 52 тонны горючего распределены примерно одинаково по всем четырем бакам. 10. Боб отключил насосы топливных баков 2 и 3. 11. Он закрыл клапаны кольцевания, которые соединяют главные топливные баки №1 и №4 с баками №2 и №3. 12. Это позволило топливной системе подавать топливо от бака к двигателю на остаток полета. 13. Скорость по Маху составляла 0.85. 14. Каждый двигатель сжигал в час 2, 3 тонны горючего. 15. Маршрут через Китай не прямой. 16. Самолет пересекал северную часть страны перед тем, как взять курс на юг. 17. В 00.54 UTC борт долетел до отдаленного города Хами. 18. Пустыня Гоби и Монголия находились севернее. 19. Соленое озеро Лоп Нур, где китайцы когда-то испытывали свое ядерное оружие, располагалось южнее. 20. Впереди был древний город-крепость, который долгое время считался западным оплотом Китайской империи. Exercise 3.11.11 Make up your own sentences using the following words and combinations. Return to the flightdeck; shuffle seats; left/right seat; eye smth; side window; tquip; centre tank; consume the fuel; fuel quantity; main tanks; to spread; 2 tonnes of fuel an hour per engine; a direct route; zig and zag over …; a remote city; the salt lake; test nuclear weapons; ancient fortress city/town; stronghold of …. Exercise 3.11.12 Retell the text.
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