The Future Perfect Tense

The Future Perfect Tense образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to have в Future Indefinite (shall have, will have) и Past Participle смыслового глагола: I shall have worked, he will have worked.

Спряжение глагола to work в Future Perfect

Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма	Отрицательная форма
I shall have worked He (she; it) will have worked We shall have worked You will have worked They will have worked	Shall I have worked? Will he (she, it) have worked? Shall we have worked? Will you have worked? Will they have worked?	I shall not have worked He (she, It) will not have worked We shall not have worked You will not have worked They will not have worked

Пpимечание: В разговорной речи употребляются те же сокращения, что и в Future Indefinite: I'll, he'll и т. д.; shan't, won't.

1. Future Perfect употребляется для выражения будущего действия, которое совершится до определенного момента в будущем. Future Perfect переводится на русский язык будущим временем глагола совершенного вида. Момент до которого совершится действие может быть определен:

а) такими обозначениями времени, как by five o’clock к пяти часам, by Saturday к субботе, by the 15^th of December к 15 декабря, by the end of the year к концу года, by that time к тому времени и т.д.

We shall have shipped the goods by that time.

Мы уже отгрузим товары к этому времени.

We shall have translated the article by five o’clock.

Мы (уже) переведем статью к пяти часам.

б) другим будущим действием, выраженным в Present Indefinite в придаточных предложениях времени и условия:

shall have finished this work before you return.

Я уже окончу эту работу до того, как вы возвратитесь.

The train will have left by the time we get to the station.

 

 

Поезд уже уйдет к тому времени, как мы приедем на вокзал.

EXERCISES

 

Exercise 16. Read and translate the sentences. Comment on the use of the Future Perfect.Write the sentences in the negative and in the interrogative where it is possible.

1. By the time my parents get back home I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom. 2. The tourists hope that the tornado will have finished before they arrive in California. 3. Next month I will have known Rick for twenty years. 4. By the time you start writing your test I will have finished mine. 5. Will you have arranged everything by tomorrow?

Exercise 17. Put the verbs in brackets into the Future Perfect.

 

1. I (translate) this letter by 6 o’clock this afternoon. 2. I (make) this doll by her

birthday. 3. He (not/learn) his lesson by tomorrow, if he has not yet begun to study it. 4. This work is so difficult, that I (not complete) it in a year’s time. 5. After you finish this book, you (learn) over a thousand words. 6. By the end of the month the commission (come) to some decision. 7. If she returns after July 1, I won’t see her since I already (go) to the South by the time.

 

 

Exercise 18. Answer the questions using the verbs in brackets in the Future Perfect Tense.

Образец: Will you still be busy if I call you at six? (to finish).

Oh, no, we will have finished by that time.

1. Will they still be staying at the hotel tomorrow? (to move to their new house).

2. Will you be discussing the plan at 2 o’clock? (to make a decision).

3. Will your students be writing a test at ten in the morning? (to finish).

4. Will your brother still be a student next autumn? (to graduate).

5. Will you still remember me in five years? (to forget).

6. Will he be at home on Saturday? (to leave for Scotland).

7. Will she be expecting your call tomorrow morning? (to receive my letter).

8. Will you be having a lesson when I come home? (to go to the swimming-pool).

 

Exercise 19. t the verbs in brackets into the Present Indefinite, the Future Indefinite and the Future Perfect.

 

1. He (be) here for two hours by the time you (come back). 2. “It (be) very late” – “They (be) back soon” 3. “There (be) no planes tonight” – “Never mind, I (go) by train” 4. You (be) angry if I (talk) to you about it? 5. By the time you (finish) cooking they (do) their work. 6. “I (be) afraid, my train (leave) by that time” – “(not/worry), I (drive) you home” 7. I hope it (stop) snowing by tomorrow morning. 8. If you (think) it over you (see) I am right. 9. If you (not/take) a taxi, you (be) late. By the time you (get) to the theatre the first act (be) over and you (miss) the most interesting dialogues.

Exercise 20. Translate into English using the Perfect Tenses.

 

1. Твои друзья будут в Англии, когда ты приедешь туда летом? – Я уверен, что они уже вернутся из Южной Африки. 2. Подожди меня! Я не взяла деньги. 3. Войдя в комнату, он увидел Анну там, где её оставил. 4. Я напишу это письмо к тому времени, как придет секретарь. 5. Я только что была у зубного врача и чувствую себя намного лучше. 6. Он говорит неправду. Он не сделал уроки. 7. Он не прочел и полкниги, как заявил, что она ему не нравится. 8. У нас только что было собрание. Мы успели обсудить многие вещи. 9. Поезд уже уйдет к тому времени, когда мы придем на станцию. 10. К 20 июня мы сдадим все экзамены. 11. Когда все ушли, она подошла к телефону и быстро набрала номер. 12. Дождь прекратился. Мы можем идти гулять.