Constructed (built)На русский язык глаголы в страдательном залоге могут перево- * диться: 1.' Глаголами в страдательном залоге: глагол быть (был, будет) и краткая форма страдательного причастия: The engineer was invited Инженер был приглашен to the conference. на конференцию. 2. Возвратными глаголами на -ся: The mine will be recon- Шахта будет реконструи- structed. роваться. 3. Неопределенно-личным предложением (подлежащее в пере They were shown a new Им показали новый горный cutter-loader. комбайн. Если в предложении указано, кем (или чем) произведено действие, то употребляется предложный оборот с предлогами by или with, которые переводятся: с, с помощью, посредством или дополнением в творительном падеже без предлога.' The delegation of the miners Делегация шахтеров была a group of students. группой студентов. Underground mines and Шахты и рудники оборудо- with new machines. ПРЕДТЕКСТОВЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ 1. а) Прочитайте вслух следующие слова: [ае] — flat, 'manager, 'practical, me 'chanics, 'graduate, 'capital [e] — bed, 'bedded, 'measure, de'fend, 'pressure, 'deputy, dealt, head [a: ] — all.'score, a'ward, 'order, born [i: ] — 'even, seam, de'gree, 'teacher [a: ] — hard, pass, class, draft, charge [u: ] — choose, soon, too, food б) Прочитайте следующие слова и запомните их произношение: academician [3, kaed3'miJ(3)n], diploma [dip'louma], elementary [xCli'mentan], senior ['si: nja], honour ['эпэ], deputy ['depjuti] 2. Прочитайте следующие слова и сочетания слов 1-2 раза про себя, затем choose [tju: z] (chose [tfouz], chosen relate [rrleit] v относиться, иметь от- [Ч/ouzn]) v выбирать; choice л ношение выбор safety ['seifti] л безопасность; mine collect [ks'lekt] v собирать, коллек- safety безопасность труда при ционировать горных работах; техника безо- dangerous ['deindssrss] о опасный пасности, safety measures меры deposit [drpDzit] л месторождение, безопасности, safe а безопасный, залежь; bedded deposits пластовые надежный месторождения seam [si: m] л пласт (угля); syn bed, layer; describe [dis'kiaib] v описывать, изо- flat seam горизонтальный, полого- бражать; description [drskripjsn] n падающий пласт; inclined seam на- описание; descriptive а описатель- клонный пласт; steep seam круто- ный падающий пласт; thick seam мощ- facility [fa'silitij л (p/facilities) средст- ный пласт; thin seam тонкий пласт ва; возможности; оборудование; state [steit] л состояние; государство, устройства штат; а государственный; v заяв- fire damp ['faisdaemp] л рудничный лять; констатировать; излагать газ, метан success [sak'ses] л успех; удача; be a suc- harm [ha: m] л вред; v вредить; harm- cess иметь успех; successful a Ш а вредный успешный to defend graduation paper (thesis) защищать дипломную работу (диссертацию) to pass an entrance examination сдать вступительный экзамен to get a higher education получить высшее образование to do one's best (one's utmost, all one can, everything in one's power) сделать все возможное, не жалеть сил to make contribution (to) вносить вклад в (науку, технику и т.д.) 3. а) Переведите прилагательные, образованные с помощью суффиксов -ful useful, successful, powerful, harmful; useless, powerless, harmless, sleepless б) Заполните пропуски прилагательными, образованными от выделенных существительных: 1. Power stations are equipped with...machines. 2. A.M. Terpigorev's investigations in mine safety were a success. He 3. The extensive use of scientific and technological achievements 4. Fire damp does much harm to the health of miners. It is the most 4. Прочитайте следующие сочетания слов. Переведите их: entrance examinations training of specialists graduation paper coal seam coal deposits assistant manager mine surveying exploitation of deposits mine safety bedded deposits description of diagrams transport facilities acomplete description two-volume textbooks of the quarry thick-seam mining flat-seam mining steep-seam mining 5. Определите значения выделенных слов по сходству их корней с корнями mining mechanics; descriptive courses; elementary practical training; the best lecturer; lectures on historical geology; a particular interest; an interesting subject; a first-class diploma; the department of Mining Transport; as a result; gassy collieries; the problem of fire damp; the state of mechanization; mining machinery; methods of coal gasification 6. Прочитайте текст А и скажите, разработке каких научных проблем ТЕКСТ А А.М. Terpigorev (1873-1959) Academician A.M. Terpigorev is a well-known mining engineer who successfully combined his practical experience with scientific research. He was bom in 1873 in Tambov. In 1892 he finished school with honours1 and decided to get a higher education. He chose the Mining Institute in St. Petersburg, passed all the entrance examinations successfully and became a student of the Mining Institute. At the Institute he studied the full range of subjects2 relating to metallurgy, mining and mining mechanics. At that time students' specialization was based on3 descriptive courses and elementary practical training. One of the best lecturers was A. P. Karpinsky. His lectures on historical geology were very popular. During his practical training Terpigorev visited mines and saw that the miners' work was very difficult. While he was working in the Donbas he collected material for his graduation paper which he soon defended. The Mining of flat seams in the Donbas was carefully studied and described in it. In 1897 Terpigorev graduated from the Institute with a first-class diploma of a mining engineer. His first job as a mining engineer was at the Sulin mines where he worked for more than three years first as Assistant Manager and later as Manager. From 1900 till 1922 Terpigorev worked at the Yekaterinoslav Mining Institute (now the Mining Institute in Dnepropetrovsk). In 1922 he accepted an offer to take charge of the mining chair at the Moscow Mining Academy and moved to Moscow. From 1930 he headed the chairs5 of Mining Transport and Mining of Bedded Deposits at the Moscow Mining Institute. Academician Terpigorev took a particular interest in mine safety. As a result of his investigations a series of safety measures in gassy collieries was worked out. For some time he was working on the problem of fire damp, the most harmful and dangerous of all the gases in mines. His two-volume work Coal Mining and Mine Transport Facilities is a full description of the state of mechanization and the economy of the Donbas. His other works are about mining transport facilities, mechanization of coal mining and mining machinery. He is one of the pioneers in scientific methods of coal gasification. ПОЯСНЕНИЯ К ТЕКСТУ 1 finished school with honours — окончил школу с отличием 2 full range of subjects — широкий диапазон дисциплин 3 was based on — базировалась 4 to take chaise of (smth.) — руководить, осуществлять контроль (над чем-л) 5 headed the chairs — возглавил кафедры УПРАЖНЕНИЯ Укажите, какие предложения соответствуют содержанию текста. Подтвердите свои ответы фактами из текста. 1. After school Terpigorev decided to work in a mine. 3-176 2. Terpigorev collected material for his graduation paper which dealt 3. For more than three years Terpigorev worked at the Sulin mines. 4. In 1922 Terpigorev accepted an offer to take charge of the mining 5. He investigated the problems of mine safety. 6. He was one of the first to work on the problem of gasification of 8. Ответьте на следующие вопросы: 1. When and where was Terpigorev born? 2. What institute did he graduate from? 3. What material did he collect while he was working in the Donbas? 4. Where did Terpigorev work from 1900 till 1922? 5. At what institute did Terpigorev head the chair of Mining Bedded 6. What did Terpigorev take a particular interest in? 7. What works by Terpigorev do you know? 8. What problems do Terpigorev's works deal with? 9. What was the result of his investigations on mine safety? 9.«) Найдите в правой колонке русские эквиваленты следующие слов • сочетаний слов.
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