Predicative constructions with the InfinitiveEx. 1. Read the text and retell it. Find the cases of the complex objects in it. “Do you remember, maxim? What I told you about the standards I want you to have when you are a big boy, and when you are a man?” “Yes, Papa. You said a gentleman never tells a lie.” “That’s correct, but now I’m afraid I must amend that statement. I wish you to revise what I said to you last week. I have to change my opinion … I believe it to be perfectly all right for a gentleman to tell a lie if it is a matter of life and death… if it is to save his life. Or the lives of others, of course. I want you to remember that a man must have valour, honour and nobility if he is to be of great character. I want you to remember that when you grow up.” “Yes, Papa, I will.” (after B. Bradford) Ex. 2. Translate the sentences. Remember the meanings of the verbs make, get, lead, cause:
1. Pressure causes ice to melt. 2. Limitation on power causes the usefulness of the water boiler to be very limited. 3. A single alpha-particle, in passing through the tube, is able to create sufficient ions to cause a discharge to occur. 4. Our results lead us to assign to the system an important role. 5. It is usually rather difficult to get nitrogen to combine with other elements. 6. Attractive forces may make molecules collide. 7. The evidence is so far not restrictive and can be made to fit almost any model. 8. Actually an electron has too little mass to make one whole atom in the molecule vibrate relative to the rest. Ex. 3. Define the structure of objective predicative constructions with the infinitive in the following sentences.
1. She made her come down to the front. 2. Nick’s father ordered some water to be put on the stove. 3. He never wants anyone to carry anything. 4. Paul suppressed a shiver, and forced himself to ask the question uppermost in his mind. 5. … everyone knew him to be feeling fine. 6. He dressed well and he liked his clothes to be properly looked after. 7. I told him everything except where I believed the papers to be hidden. 8. She caused a telegram to be sent to him. 9. I thought the English were stiff, but it’s wonderful the way you make me feel at home. 10. He wanted them all three to walk down the street. 11. He saw the girl leave her chair and trip swiftly across the floor to the newcomer. 12. After a ten-minute wait I watched the train pull out. 13. Perhaps his wordless gaze had caused her to break silence. 14. Jennie was intensely sorry. She had never heard Lester complain before. 15. How can you expect anyone to think well of us when such things are written about us? 16. Her smile was friendly and she made you feel, that she was really pleased to see you. Ex. 4. Insert the particle to in objective predicative constructions with the infinitive where necessary.
1. The room made him … feel embarrassed. 2. They want me … run out. 3. When I heard him … go downstairs I went down after him. 4. She could not bring herself … tell him about Vesta. 5. Paul felt his heart … melt. 6. Suddenly he saw her … rise and … turn away. 7. At first he had believed them … be married. 8. The colonel ordered everyone … wear a gas mask. 9. My feelings as a father and a husband compel me … ask you yet again whether you will not reconsider your decision. 10. I forced him … eat, and after luncheon I induced him … lie down, but he couldn’t sleep. 11. I told the driver … take me to the hospital fast. 12. I never knew him … stand and … look at the beautiful, calm face. 13. She let her eyes … rest on Jan’s scarcely touched tray. 14. She made George … acknowledge that it was no use to throw away all the beautiful things. 15. And, returning with the packet in her hand, she suddenly observed Richard … emerge from the drawing-room. 16. Did you see Miss Perbmarch … enter or … leave the house? 17. Middle age and pressure of business forced him … give up hunting. 18. She persuaded him … see a doctor. Ex. 5. Form objective predicative constructions with the infinitive out of the elements in brackets. 1. I don’t wish (you, to understand) me. 2. When he came in he wanted to call you, but I persuaded (he, to wait) until morning. 3. I cannot allow (you, to throw) away an enormous property like this. 4. Soames must have been pressing (she, to go) back to him again, with public opinion and the law on his side, too! 5. Then she turned to the window and asked (me, to open) it. 6. Now, can I trouble (you, to come) in here? 7. I saw (my mother, to pause) and (to put) her hand to her forehead. 8. He controlled himself, and clenching his teeth, set (oneself, to read). 9. She laughed and I heard (she, to strike) a match. 10. Old Jolyon watching from his corner saw (his brother’s face, to change). 11 Maybe I could get (he, to pay) her seventy-five a week. 12. He was well set up too, a good figure, blemished only by an accident at football which caused (he, to turn) in his right foot slightly when he walked. 13. The daughter turned uneasily not because it irritated her to work, but because she hated (people, to guess) at the poverty that made it necessary. 14. He flushed indignantly but forced (oneself, to answer) … 15. He could trust his cook to send in a meal that his guests would take pleasure in eating and desired (his parlour-maid, to wait) with neatness and dispatch. 16. I felt they expected (I, to say) clever things, and I never could think of any till after the party was over. 17. It was a serene, quiet, satisfied smile – and again Renisent felt (a tide of revolt, to rise) in her. 18. That at all events she understood, and then she heard (he, to bolt) the door. 19. From now on I’ll have (you, to know) this is my business. 20 That’s the way I meant (it, to be).
Ex. 6. Reword the sentences according to the example.
Example:The boy was playing football in the yard (see). We saw the boy play football in the yard.
1. They came back at once (make). 2. You must do it yourself (want). 3. The boy said something in a low voice (hear). 4. She is waiting for Mary (believe). 5. He is a very talented actor (know). 6. My son is going to become a surgeon (want). 7. The girl was singing a very lovely song (hear). 8. The man quickly crossed the street and turned round the corner (see). 9. You should help your friend (ask). 10. They often come late (hate).
Ex. 7. Complete the following sentences so as to use objective predicative constructions with the infinitive.
1. She saw two of the girls…. 2. I have never heard…. 3. She felt the wind…. 4. Andrew Manson considered his work…. 5. They had no money, no experience, nothing but a desire to make a dream…. 6. He watched and suddenly he saw her…. 7. He liked to see people…. 8. Well, I let them…. 9. The window was open, and he could hear somebody…. 10. She was a sleep when we returned from the market, but at once got up when she heard us…. 11. Will you come over and watch me…. 12. You will then allow me…. 13. I say that certain things are to be done, but I don’t order anybody…. 14. He was right, but something warned me…. 15. Obviously, he was not so strong as she had thought him…. 16. I am sorry but my experience compels me…. 17. She had been almost afraid to ask him and when she forced herself…. 18. When you get this, I won’t be here and I want you not…. 19. There was a shock and he felt himself…. Ex. 8. Translate the sentences into English.
1. Я слышала, как кто-то позвал меня. 2. Все ожидали, что она выйдет замуж за Пита. 3. Она заставила меня написать им письмо. 4. Мы никогда не слышали, как он говорит по-английски. 5. Она видела, что он остановился и вынул что-то из кармана. 6. Почему вы так думаете? 7. Я хочу, чтобы вы сами поговорили с деканом. 8. Мы ожидали, что он придет в субботу. 9. Она не позволяла им оскорблять себя. 10. Я хочу, чтобы у тебя было доброе имя и хорошая репутация. 11. Я знаю, что он очень опытный преподаватель. 12. Его родители не разрешают ему приходить поздно. Ex. 9. Point out subjective predicative constructions with the infinitive in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. But I don’t happen to know anything. 2. The tomb appeared to be that of the king. 3. You would never be likely to fall in love with me. 4. It doesn’t seem to do her any harm, that’s the cheeriest thing about it. 5. We are working now and we’ll be sure to pay you Saturday. 6. I was not sure how a reporter was supposed to behave on occasions like this. 7. Blanch Stroeve loved working about the studio she happened to be living and took pride in keeping it in apple-pie order. 8. He thinks she is a stenographer but she turns out to be a writer. 9. A motor containing foreigners is quite likely to have been noticed. 10. We have not been required to undertake any work. 11. I don’t happen to see any difference between them. 12. That is supposed to be a rose.
Ex. 10. Define the meaning of the verb and word groups with which subjective predicative constructions with the infinitive are used.
1. He could be made to fight easily enough. 2. He was known to be nearsighted. 3. Your lungs appeared to be all right. 4. …on the following afternoon James chanced to be a witness of some resulting actions. 5. Children appear to go through definite stages as they develop. 6. He seemed to be wondering whether much anxiety of mind had affected his eyesight. 7. I have often thought, Lester, if mamma had not been compelled to worry so much she might be alive today. 8. The past I looked at seemed to have its reality. 9. They were seen to just touch each other’s hand. 10. After that Tommy was forced to admit the prospect looked dreary. 11. But he was expected to go down to keep up his father’s prestige. 12. She seemed to know most of the Blackstable news. 13. Before Krebs went away to the war he had never been allowed to drive the family motor-car. 14. But perhaps her father could be induced to remain silent. 15. They’ve been known to chap holes in the roof. 16. Jennie was finally compelled to tell Vesta that Lester’s fortune had been dependant on his leaving her. 17. …the two sides are expected to meet again next week. 18. So he was found to be unfit for active service… 19. …when he was brought to Charing Cross Hospital life was found to be extinct.
Ex. 11. Recast the following sentences so as to use subjective predicative constructions with the infinitive.
1. It seems that he is not in the habit of coming in time. 2. They say that he is honest. 3. A group of people at the gangway saw that the boat came into harbour. 4. It appeared that he had done it well. 5. It was not likely that he was going to be drawn into an argument. 6. The man had read his papers, it seemed. 7. It is very unlikely they would allow her to see visitors at this time of night. 8. It was felt that she was perfectly capable of taking care of herself. 9. It is believed that his advice was ignored. 10. It appeared that Betty was delighted. 11. It is pretty unlikely that they would approve of it. 12. It appears that they have some difficulties with the car.
Ex. 12. Choose any sentence and use it in your own situation.
1. Then we came nearer, and I seemed to recognize it. 2. She seemed to see nothing. 3. She seemed to be making very lame excuses. 4. The newcomer seemed to feel that he ought to enter the spirit of this ling-distance conversation. 5. He seemed scarcely to see her. 6. She seemed to speak every language with ease. 7. By the way, I seem to know the name. 8. She seemed to be much more at home there. 9. She seemed to have been out for a moment.
Ex. 13. Insert the required form of the infinitive in brackets.
1. Garraway looked at Poirot with some surprise. He seemed (to wait) for more. 2. Philip Bossiney was known (to be) a young man without fortune. 3. He is supposed (to bury) In Westminster Abbey. 4. Perhaps she had mentioned the fact already to Rebecca but this young lady didn’t appear (to remember) it. 5. The ship was seen (to leave) the harbour. 6. The murderer is sure (to discover) unless they help him. 7. Do you happen (to see) a crocodile in these parts? 8. Edwin seemed (to look) for something in the grass ever since dinner time. 9. She was heard (to sing) a popular tune. 10. He invited confidences and I seemed (to give) him far too many. I said to him, “We seem (to become) friendly in a very short time”. 11. This Baron seems (to be) a very important man and (live) like a king. 12. We seemed (to walk) some distance and were in another part of the castle. Ex. 14. Complete the following sentences so as to use subjective infinitive constructions.
1.The girl seems…. 2. The weather appears…. 3. You are supposed…. 4. Our friends are sure…. 5. It is wonderful how everything seems…. 6. He said somebody was supposed…. 7. Everything that morning seemed…. 8. Several thousand people are expected…. 9. Your home during the last few years seems…. 10. I will not deny that several times I was tempted…. 11. None will accompany me, and I am forced…. 12. It’s hard for us to understand how such a thing is permitted…. 13. As a result, when they were told…, they did it. 14. She was sure that he should be made…. 15. I admit he seemed…. 16. What time are you supposed…? 17. The train was seen…. 18 This was supposed…. 19. They might be made…. Ex. 15. Translate into English usingsubjective infinitive constructions.
1. Говорят, что он живет где-то на Крайнем Севере. 2. Считали, что она прекрасно играет в теннис. 3. Известно, что в России книги издаются на многих языках. 4. Было известно, что он принимал участие в этой экспедиции. 5. Можно считать, что этот вопрос уже решен. 6. Вряд ли игра закончиться в ничью. 7. Она оказалась хорошим врачом. 8. Я уверена, что вам понравится этот спектакль. 9. Новая картина молодого художника, выставленная в музее, оказалась интересной. 10. Похоже на то, что она приняла его предложение. 11. Как оказалось, вопрос был не по существу. 12. Вероятно, вам придется некоторое время подождать. 13. Говорят, что его старшая сестра занимается плаванием уже три года. 14. Я, кажется, знаю этого человека. В юности он был бегуном, а теперь, говорят, он тренирует молодых спортсменов. 15. Известно, что первые Олимпийские игры состоялись в 1896 году в Афинах. 16. Кажется, этот пассажир не выходит из каюты уже 2 дня. С ним что-нибудь случилось? – Да, он страдает морской болезнью. Ex. 16. Point out the for-to-infinitive constructions in the following sentences. Translate the sentences. 1. So now she waited for Frank to speak. 2. Helen waited many days for something to happen, but it did not. 3. Theodora sat and waited for Violet to speak. 4. “We have a number of interesting personalities I shall be glad for you to meet,” said Elsie. 5. I have arranged for Sister Marie to board with her. 6. I should have thought it would be much easier for you to stand that. 7. “That’s easy for you to say,” began Gordon, his eyes narrowing. 8. You all used to be so sweet and living to each other, it was a joy for me to see you. 9. Theodora waited for the clear glaze of morning to split. 10. It was impossible for me to persuade myself that this urgent desire of his of disinterested. 11. In a minute it would be fitting for me to take my leave. 12. They were grouped about the mother, waiting for something to happen. 13. She decided that she would wait for Holstius to come. Ex. 17. Define the function of the for-to-infinitive constructions. Translate the sentences.
1. Theodora Goodman sat in the hall near the reception desk and waited for somebody to come. 2. My friend motioned for him to come in. 3. Well, seventy was the outside limit, it was then time, George said, for them to go and leave their money for the children. 4. In their shrill laughter he found a terrible dissonance that made him pray for the twilight to come. 5. “You should ask your Violet Adams to Merve,” said mother, waiting for father to bring round the horses. 6. “It’s not for me to disagree there,” said Jolyon, “but that’s all quite beside the mark.” 7. She waited for Violet to say something. 8. “When will you marry me?” “Are you ready for me to marry you?” 9. It was good experience for me to see it to its completed form. 10. “This question of company,” he said, “is something for me to decide.” 11. The lady was speaking too fast for me to catch what she said. 12. It would not be possible for a human and intelligent person to invent a rational excuse for slavery. 13. They told him to be a good boy and wait for them to come home in the evening. 14. It was instinctive now for him to take her into his confidence. 15. Theodora sat down. Confident her intuition would identify, she waited for Lieselotte to appear. 16. They thought it was better for me to live in a place like this. Ex. 18. Formfor-to-infinitive constructionsusing the words in brackets in the appropriate form.
1. Although it was a busy section, it would be hard for (I, to name) the business that comprised its activity. 2. I’m going to ring the bell for (the visitors, to go). 3. It’s a bit technical here and there for (I, to follow). 4. It is not necessary for (I, to explain) that we are twins. 5. Waiting for (the hymn, to stop) she watched the light blaze. 6. Ann waited for (she, to go). 7. It was easy enough for (the drivers, to get) in that way. 8. It is so unusual for (a man, to bring) home a thing like this. 9. It’s no easy thing for (I, to get hold) of it. 10. He didn’t answer and I waited for some time for (he, to speak). 11. Now I longed for (they, to return). 12. It would be fine for (her folks, to have her back home) after so much traveling around. 13. He listened to her with what looked like polite interest, putting in now and then a remark in a voice too low for (I, to catch).
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