Identify the passive structures followed by a preposition and translate the sentences into Russian as shown in the following examples

2.1 Example: Old traditions cannot be easily done away with.

От старых традиций нельзя легко отказаться.

1. This theory has been referred to.

2. The quality of the instruments used can be safely relied upon.

3. Many materials now in common use were not even thought of 30 years ago.

4. Some of the data obtained cannot be relied upon, others have not been published yet.

5. The two basic principles of selecting samples for the experiment were insisted on.

6. The molecules of even a good insulator are acted upon by an electric field.

7. With some phenomena of nature any precise quantitative data are impossible and the judgment of the observer must be relied on.

8. The astonishing observational results obtained by the international group of astronomers were spoken about at the conference.

9. For more detailed report the reader is referred to the preliminary notes on subject.

10. The starting date of the experiment should be agreed upon.

 

2.2 Example:The question was alluded at the conference.

Этого вопроса коснулис ь на конференции.

1. The experimental results cannot be improved by the existing theory.

2. This sequence of events was brought about by the discovery of radioactivity.

3. The changes taking place are not easily accounted for.

4. The significance of the experiment should be commented on and explained by the observer.

5. The working method of science may be dealt with in several ways.

6. The problem of pollution was not even touched on some fifty years ago.

7. There are fields which cannot be dealt with on a national scale only, such as environmental protection, space exploration and so on.

8. Rapid development of chemical technology has been called for by the needs of the national economy.

9. The samples of these three substances were subjected to the beam of X – rays to see what changes take place within them.

10. This approach, which is the basis for much current work, will be referred to as the standard quasi-particle theory of XAS.

2.3 Example:

· The rate of a reaction is influenced by many factors.

На скорость реакции влияют многие факторы.

· The reaction is followed by temperature rise.

За реакцией следует повышение температуры.

1. The first discovery was succeeded by many others.

2. The performance of the device has been affected by many factors.

3. These questions were answered in a series of investigations both experimental and theoretical.

4. The Symposium was attended by twenty-seven astronomers.

5. The introduction of a new theory is always followed by a period of extended testing.

6. At the plenary section of the conference the participants were addressed by the Chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

7. In several areas of research the efforts of scientists are joined by those of philosophers and sociologists.

8. It must be admitted that the problem of classification can be approached from different viewpoints.

9. Under these conditions the question cannot be answered unambiguously.

10. The speed of the reaction was affected by the temperature rise.

Identify the passive structures and translate the sentences into Russian as shown in the following examples

3.1 Example: Care is to be taken to remove all the impurities.

Следует принять меры, чтобы убрать все примеси.

1. Special attention has been called to the research work.

2. Unfortunately no advantage was taken of the fast reaction rate.

3. An attempt was made to measure samples by immediately raising the temperature.

4. Special attention has been paid to the problem of direct conversion of energy into electricity.

5. No attempts have been made to list all the contributions in which one or another procedure has been used.

6. There is no doubt that in the course of further development of all sciences extensive use will be made of modern computing machines.

7. Particular attention is paid to some safety devices.

8. Advantage should be taken of the low melting point of this substance.

9. So far no notice has been taken of the obvious advantage in connection with a new space project.

10. Mention has already been made of the fact that gold is slowly attacked by these substances.