Завдання 17Складіть уточнений перелік кроків – операцій вирішення проблеми, використовуючи тексти та схеми із Завдань 8, 11, 14, 15.Завдання 18 Перекладіть англійською мовою подані нижче речення:
1 Техніка завжди відігравала значну роль в нашому житті. 2 Уміння працювати в невеликих групах – це майстерність. 3 Вирішення будь – якої проблеми має бути ретельно спланованим процесом. 4 Велика кількість людей відмовляюється вирішувати проблеми, не знаючи, як це правильно зробити. 5 Існує науковий підхід до вирішення проблем. 6 Визначення проблеми називається твердженням. 7 Параметри – це специфічні вимоги до вирішення проблеми. 8 До параметрів ми відносимо: час, гроші та матеріал, який використовуємо. 9 Ми завжди повинні бути впевнені в інформації, яку використовуємо для вирішення проблеми. 10 Треба об’єктивно оцінити зібрану інформацію та результати перевірки запропонованих ідей раніше, ніж дійти висновку.
Завдання 19 Як ви розумієте висловлення антрополога Макса Глюкмана, що наука це "any discipline in which a fool of this generation can go beyond the point reached by the genius of the last generation?"; УРОК 6
Завдання 1 Прочитайте та перекладіть подані нижче слова, ґрунтуючись на їх подібності до слів рідної мови:
stereo, automobile, battery, machine, fact, rocket, operation, system, combination, process, instruction, fund, result, graphics, mechanical, conditioner, radiator, radio, pump, shock, antifreeze, fan, to absorb, hydraulic, thermal, chemical, complex, to fix.
Завдання 2 Уважно прочитайте подані нижче слова та їх переклад, запам’ятайте їх:
Завдання 3 Проаналізуйте подані нижче слова щодо їх форми, значення, належності до певної частини мови та перекладіть їх рідною мовою: scientist, input, оutput, feedback, to press, to process, thermal, chemical, complex, fan, to absorb, hydraulic, a press, a process, a processor, to order, an order, to frustrate, frustrated, frustration, hydraulics, chemistry. Завдання 4 Прочитайте подані нижче словосполучення. Подайте їх еквіваленти рідною мовою:
millions of people, to have no idea about something, what to do about it, a dead battery, technology – related devices, the fact is, a rocket scientist, complicated machines can be broken down into smaller systems, to work as a whole, this fits every system, a general model, a system model, computer system, final results, a fast food restaurant, to place an order, energy system, a complete product, in combination, a complex machine, door latch, fan belt, water pump, shock absorber, hydraulic breaks, air conditioner, a complicated system, to fix a problem. Завдання 5 Поставте дієслова в дужках у потрібну часову форму активного чи пасивного стану: 1 The first Industrial Revolution (to take place) between the years 1760 and 1860. 2 New sources of power, new processes, new materials (to come) into use with such bewildering speed in the present century that it is hard to keep track of them all. 3 The first industrial revolution (to give) us machines to do the work that used to have been done by men’s hands. 4 The second industrial revolution (to produce) machines that can do the work of men’s brains. 5 The new forms of power (to use) in new engines: the electric motor, the petrol engine, the diesel engine and the steam turbine. 6 In fact nearly all the electricity which (not to produce) by water (to produce) by steam turbines, even when the steam (to make) by atomic energy. 7 The first revolution (to bring about) by the inventions of engineers. The second (to rely) heavily on the scientists.
Завдання 6 Перекладіть подані нижче речення, звертаючи увагу на використання неособових форм дієслова, пасивного стану та ступенів порівняння прикметників та прислівників:
1 People see some of the changes introduced by technology as being good and some as being bad. 2 Some people just don’t like any change at all. But one thing is for sure: change keeps happening. 3 Your job is to constantly evaluate how technology can be used with the most benefits to people and the environment. 4 Thousands of people work in the communications industry to bring you up – to date information or entertainment. 5 Most of us watch television every day. But do you ever stop to think about how the TV show is made or how it gets to your home? 6 Technology is a combination of knowledge, ideas, and resources put to work for us. 7 Most of the products of technology such as lasers, robots, and satellites were invented to meet the needs of people. 8 It is easier to solve problems that involve technology if you have a problem – solving strategy and if you work with others to find the best solution. 9 Creative thinking is important when you are developing new technologies and evaluating their uses. 10 Doctors use technology to save the lives of sick or injured people. 11 Research is also done by experimenting to find out how things work. 12 Most inventions are just other inventions used in a different way. 13 The microchip makes everyday items: digital watches, calculators, and computers, smaller and less expensive. 14 A research and development team worked together to make the first carbon – dioxide laser in 1966. Since that time, many new lasers have been found. 15 People working in research and development departments are always looking for new ideas. 16 Getting across wide rivershas always been a problem to solve. 17 The problem of producing products quickly in a hazardous (dangerous) workplace is often solved by using a robot. 18 Producing TV shows that inform, educate, and entertain people is a problem. 19 Using a problem – solving strategy is helping students to find a solution by exploring many different ideas. 20 We depend on technology to make our lives more comfortable. 21 Most people think that technology is related only to science and math. While this connection is easy to see, technology is just as much a part of social studies and other subjects. 22 Technology and science are closely tied together, but they are different. 23 Science usually gives you the theories (ideas about how nature works), while technology lets you use your knowledge and resources to solve different problems. 24 Everything in our world is made up of atoms and combinations of atoms called molecules. 25 Technology is sometimes divided into job-related groups called career clusters. Four common career clusters are: communication, construction, manufacturing, and transportation. 26 Technology lets you use many different ways to communicate with others. 27 Math is often used to solve problems related to technology. 28 Future technologies are being developed according to the products we want and think will benefit us most. 29 Careers involving technology are exciting and offer you new challenges. 30 Computers are valuable tools used to help solve problems in technology and to run our world. 31 Today, researchers use very fast computers to help design our future.
Завдання 7 а) Уважно вивчить таблиці 1 – 3 щодо формування, використання та значення зворотів з інфінітивом.
б) Перекладіть рідною мовою подані нижче речення:
1 His being invited to take part in this conference is natural as everybody knows of his having made interesting experiments in physics. 2 I remember having seen this film. 3 The new device was put into mass production on having been carefully tested. 4 The engineer having constructed a new type of this device was not known to us. 5 The workers succeeded in completing the construction of the plant in time because of their having introduced new methods of work. 6 Having received the necessary equipment we finished our experiment. 7 Having determined amperes and volts one can find the resistance by using Ohm’s law. 8 Having been tested on the stand the engine was put into operation. 9 Travelling into space has always been one of the greatest dreams of man. 10 For ages mankind has dreamed of reaching the top of the world, the North Pole. 11 After studying theory we can begin experimenting. 12 Before finishing the experiment we could not write the report. 13 An instrument for measuring current is called an ammeter, and for measuring voltage a voltmeter. 14 Think before speaking. 15 The engineers invited to our plant are well-known specialists. 16 The lecture followed by an experiment was interesting. 17 Having solved this important problem, the scientist made a report. 18 Being in London he visited some museums. 19 He likes reading such kinds of books. 20 After finishing the experiments the students left the laboratory. 21 I succeeded in having finished my work in time. 22 The problems being discussed at this conference are of great importance for the development of chemistry. 23 The metals being used in our work possess many important properties. 24 Technical and scientific problems being solved by our scientists are of great importance for the development of world science and technology. 25 Being heated to the proper temperature the metal will melt. 26 He is sorry to have been given so little time for this important work. 27 We are happy to have been included in the research group. 28 Our engineer has used the recommended method. 29 The report followed by the discussion showed the importance of this problem. 30 The amount of the heat produced depended upon the quality of the fuel used. 31 The two problems of the fuel used were widely discussed at the conference. 32 If dropped directly above the target the bomb will never damage it. 33 When asked he did not answer. 34 To know everything is to know nothing. 35 The machine was to be tested in our laboratory. 36 The machine to be tested in our laboratory was constructed by our students. 37 The main task of Faraday’s work was to find out the nature of electricity and magnetism. 38 The power station to be built on this river is to supply the town with electric energy. 39 To achieve better results we must repeat the experiment.
Завдання 8 Прочитайте текст, спробуйте якомога точніше зрозуміти і запам’ятати його зміст. .
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