Переведите письменно текст. 2 Номенклатура расходов основной деятельности Белорусской железной дороги

 

Вариант 1

 

Переведите письменно текст.

 

MEMORY OR STOREGE UNIT

The part of a digital computer which stores information is called storage or memory. The computer’s memory stores the numbers to be operated on; it stores intermediate results and it stores the final results. The instruction themselves are also stored in the computer’s memory.

There are two important factors about the memory unit: an access time and a capacity. The time required to transmit one computer word out of the memory to where it will be used is called the memory access time; it usually amounts to a few millionths of a second or less in modern fast computers. The capacity of a computer is the quantity of data that its memory unit can hold.

There are many ways of memorizing information in memory cells of a digital computer. External memory or storage units may use magnetic tapes, magnetic drums, magnetic disks and floppy disks. Information that is stored inside a computer is stored in registers. Usually the registers are of three types:

1. General- Purpose Registers are sixteen registers, each being able to contain one word. There registers are used for storing the integer operands taking part in binary arithmetic operations.

2. Floating-Point Registers are four registers, each being able to contain a double-word. These registers hold the operands taking part in arithmetic operations on floating-point numbers.

3. Control Registers form a group of registers differing from one model to another.

 

 

2. Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы к тексту:

1. What is the general purpose of the storage unit?

2. What information is stored in the computer’s memory?

3. What ways of memorizing information in a computer do you know?

 

 

3. Перепишите предложения, определите функции инфинитива, переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец 1):

1. To master a foreign language is necessary for every student.

2. He was the first to introduce this method.

3. To master a foreign language it is necessary to work hard.

 

 

4. Укажите, какой инфинитивный оборот (субъектный инфинитивный оборот или объектный инфинитивный оборот) употреблен в данных предложениях. Переведите предложения:

1. All progressive mankind wants atomic energy to be used for peaceful purposes.

2. Atomic energy is likely to become the main source of power-supply in future.

3. The force of gravity is known to play an important part in many phenomena of mechanics.

4. We know computers to play a great role in the modern world.

 

 

5. Перепишите предложения, определите функции причастия I и причастия II, переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец 2):

1. These instruments recorded the cosmic rays and the information obtained was sent back by the radar to the ground.

2. Having improved this device they could use it for many purposes.

3. Cybernetics is gaining a growing importance.

 

 

6. Перепишите предложение, определите функции герундия, переведите предложение на русский язык (см. образец 3):

1. Reading is of great help in study.

2. I know of his coming here every day.

3. By applying the new method the engineer achieved better results.

 

 

7. Определите, чем является ing-форма в данных предложениях (герундием или причастием):

1. Experimenting is closely connected with theory.

2. Experimenting with different substances the engineer discovered valuable properties of metals.

 

 

8. Подберите русские эквиваленты к выделенным словам:

1. Building new plants is of great importance

2. Building new plants we increase the economic might of our country

1) строя; 2) строительство

 

 

9. Выберите предложения с независимым причастным оборотом и переведите их:

1. Speaking about the new method of work the engineer told us many interesting details.

2. The temperature of a conductor being raised, the motion of the electrons in the conductor increases.

3. Special instruments measuring cosmic radio signals are being installed in the observatory.

4. Transistors are very sensitive to light, some of them reacting even to star-light.

5. The first man-made satellite having been sent up, it became possible to investigate various types of radiation.

6. Obtaining new data engineers can improve their knowledge.

7. The resistance being very large, the current in the circuit was small.

8. When improving the design the constructor made many calculations.

9. A great variety of substances are semi-conductors, germanium and silicon being the most important of them.

10. A series of attempts having been made, Lodygin came to a successful solution of the problem.

 

Вариант 2