Paraphrase the parts in bold type, using gerundial phrases. Mind the prepositions.

1.That she is so fussy is not a little unpleasant. 2. What surprised every­body was that he was able to do it. 3. The doctor insists that she should put off the trip. 4. We don’t mind if we go there by train. 5. He suspected that I knew the truth. 6. There is no doubt that he is intelligent. 7.He sug­gests that we should watch the football match on TV instead of going to the stadium.

15. Translate into English using gerundial complexes:

1. Ему не нравилась моя идея ехать одной на Кавказ. 2. Представь себе, ей хотелось знать, что его беспокоит. 3. Он настаивает, чтобы я держала окна открытыми независимо от погоды. 4. Вы не возражаете, если я по­работаю сегодня в вашем кабинете? 5. Я удивлена, что вы оставили ма­ленького мальчика одного дома. 6. Вы помните, я вам говорила, что мой муж инженер? 7. Я не могу себе представить, чтобы вы так долго сидели в читальном зале. 8. Казалось, что мне не было больше нужды оставаться в Москве. 9. Интересно, как она вошла в дом так, что мы не видели ее.

16. Translate the following sentences, using gerundial phrases:

1. Прежде чем заполнить анкету, ознакомьтесь с ней. 2. Я помню, как (а) я был огорчен его неудачей; (б) он был огорчен моей неудачей. 3. Вы не возражаете, если я присоединюсь к вашей компании? 4. Перестань надоедать ей глупыми вопросами. 5. Мы сократили путь, переплыв реку. 6. Увидев вдали автобус, я бросился бежать к остановке. 7. Прежде чем давать окончательный ответ, хорошенько подумай. 8. Товарищи внимательно слушали и не прерывали его. 9. Овод рисковал быть узнанным. 10. Он разорвал письмо, не читая его. 11. Он хорошо разгадывает кроссворды. 12. Мой любимый вид спорта – плавание. 13. Я боюсь провалиться на экзамене. 14. Ребенок боялся, что его оставят одного дома. 15. Она просто не может не опаздывать. 16. Этот факт стоит запомнить. 17. Она рассказывала мне об этом, не глядя мне в глаза. 18. Он далеко не простой человек, и с ним трудно договориться. 19. Нет смысла обсуждать этот вопрос в его отсутствие.

17. Paraphrase the following sentences, using “forget” or ”remember” followed byeither an Infinitive or a Gerund; note the explanation given in the model:

Model: He forgot to post the letter. (He didn’t post it. He forgot.)

He forgot mentioning the fact to her. (He mentioned the fact to her and forgot about it)

I remembered to post the letter. (I didn’t forget to post it.)

I remember posting the letter. (remember that I posted it.)

1. Do you remember how you beat him at chess once? 2. Please, remember that you must ring me up on Saturday. 3. I didn’t return the book I had borrowed from him, I quite forgot. 4. She forgot that she had given him her telephone number and was surprised to hear his voice on the phone. 5. She quite forgot that she had asked you to book the tickets. 6. She said that she remembered that she had had a talk with him on the subject. 7. I remember I enjoyed this film. 8. Don’t forget that you must write a letter. 9. Did she remember that she was to get in touch with him? 10. She forgot that she had postponed the appointment.

18. Use the appropriate form of the infinitive of the verb in brackets:

1. Over coffee he began (to calm) down a little: he made himself useful by (to hand) round the coffee cups. 2. I wouldn’t like you to think that I am in the habit of (to make) a nuisance of myself. 3. She went on (to read) about how (to stick) plastic flowers on her blouse. 4. The master seized the arms of his chair and grasped them as though (to prevent) himself from (to fall) upon Philip. 5. I remember (to see) her (to come) on board only a few minutes before the boat sailed. 6. John had introduced himself to Philip before (to come) in to see Ketty. 7. He seemed (to have) some difficulty in (to start). 8. She tried (to stop) (to go out) (to see) people. 9. And with an immense effort of the will, he managed (to stand) there, without (to go) down (to open) the door. 10. Can you (to ask) me after (to hear) me (to play)? 11. Thank you for (to let) me (to talk) to you. 12. Ralph began (to disappear) for days and weeks without (to warn). 13. Without (to speak) they went along, and there was no one (to see) either in front or behind them. 14. After that they decided (to go) where there was no chance at all of their (to see). 15. He took a silk scarf from his neck and gave it over to me (to use) for a handkerchief, since my own was wet with my (to cry). 16. Once more, Simon started (to piece) the toy together, with the old tune inside it, while Jennie and I went (to make) some tea. 17. When she awoke, she rubbed her eyes off (to go) to the theatre on the previous evening. 18. I taught in a private school in Kensington, for almost three months, very small children. I didn’t know what (to do) with them but I was kept fairly busy (to escort) little boys to the hall and (to tell) the little girls (to use) their handkerchiefs.

 

THE PARTICIPLE

The participle is a non-finite form of the verb, which has a verbal and an adjectival or an adverbial character.

There are two participles in English – Participle I and Participle II, traditionally called the Present Participle and the Past Participle.

Note: These traditional terms are open to objections on the ground that Participle I doesn’t necessarily refer to the present, just as Participle II needn’t refer to the past. The difference between them is not a difference in tense, but chiefly a difference in voice.

The Participle has a verbal and an adjectival or adverbial character. Its adjectival or adverbial character is manifested in its syntactic functions, those of attribute or adverbial modifier.

I hated the hollow sound of the rain pattering on the roof. (attribute)

And then she turned to the title-page, and looked at the name written in the schoolboy hand. (attribute)

Having garaged his car, he remembered that he had not lunched. (adverbial modifier)

When left to herself she spent her time at her writing desk. (adverbial modifier)

Note: Some participles have lost their verbality altogether and become adjectives: interesting, charming, alarming, complicated, distinguished, furnished, etc., e.g.: an interesting book, a charming girl, the alarming news; a complicated problem, a distinguished writer, a furnished apartment.

The verbal characteristics of the participle are as follows:

1. Participle I of a transitive verb can take a direct object.

Opening the door, he went out on the terrace.

2. Participle I and Participle II can be modified by an adverb.

Leaving the room hurriedly,he ran out.

Deeply affected, Priam Farell rose and left the room.

3. Participle I has tense distinctions; Participle I of transitive verbs has also voice distinctions. In Modern English Participle I has the following forms:

	Active	Passive
Indefinite	writing	being written
Perfect	having written	having been written