Language Study. B) Find words or phrases in the text which mean the same as the following:B) Find words or phrases in the text which mean the same as the following: 1) Impossible to see: not accessible to view; hidden (table) 2) thin metal in the form of a thread, or a piece of this (table) 3) very close (table) 4) a substance discharged into the air (paragraph 1) 5) a poisonous substance, especially a protein (paragraph 2) 6) a disease characterized by any of various neoplasms composed of abnormal cells (paragraph 2) 7) to prove to be false; to deny the accuracy or truth of something (paragraph 4) 8) equal to or having 10 times as many or as much (paragraph 6) 9) to be successful in resisting, to oppose (paragraph 8) 10) something that is emotionally difficult to bear (paragraph 8). C) Complete the following sentences, using words and phrases from exercise B: 1) The government has set …… standards for all automobiles. 2) The …… of economic sacrifice rests on the workers of the plant. 3) It is only with the heart that one can see rightly; what is essential is …… to the eye. 4) Childhood …… is rare, occurring in about 14 in 100,000 children in the United States each year. 5) …… are used to bear mechanical loads and to carry electricity and telecommunications signals. 6) The economy grew…… 7) Some …… damage the cell wall of host cells, either by dissolving the wall or by chemically punching holes through the wall. 8) Silence is one of the hardest arguments to …… 9) ……, the rock band was unbearably loud. 10) Their marriage …… four years' separation during the war Listening A) Complete the following text, using suitable words from the box. Put the words into appropriate form:
Mobile phone radiation and health concerns have been raised, especially following the enormous increase in the use of 1) …… mobile telephony throughout the world (as of August 2005, there were more than 2 billion users worldwide). Mobile phones use electromagnetic 2) …… in the microwave range, and some believe this may be 3) …… to human health. These concerns have induced a large body of research (both epidemiological and 4) ……, in non-human animals as well as in humans). Concerns about effects on health have also been raised regarding other digital wireless systems, such as data communication networks. According to the Israeli 5) ……, people who spent more than 22 hours a month on their cell phones were 50-percent more 6) …… to develop cancer than those who used the phones less often. The risk of developing a tumor was even higher in people who generally used their cell phones on the same ear most of the time, and did not use a hands-free device. Researchers from the Cleveland Clinic are warning that cell phone use, including hands-free devices - can affect male fertility. People who sleep with a cell phone by the bed have poor sleep, leading to impaired learning and memory. This is related to melatonin 7) ……. On the other hand the World Health Organization, based upon the consensus view of the scientific and medical communities, states that health effects (e.g. headaches or promotion of cancer) are unlikely to be caused by cellular phones or their base stations.
B) Listen to the tape “Cell Phones Sometimes Cause Real Pain” and fill in the missing words and phrases: Various studies have reassured us that mobile phones will not give us 1) …… But cell phones can cause real pain. That’s according to an article in press at the journal NeuroImage. People are increasingly complaining of being 2) “……” For them, the cell’s electromagnetic fields cause 3) ……—and in Sweden sufferers build houses that block the supposed damaging electric fields. But there’s a 4) …… Studies have shown that such victims feel the same discomfort when in the presence of 5) …… phones as they do when they’re near 6) …… phones. So what’s going on? Research at the University of Regensburg finds one possible source of this pain. They told …… participants they’d be exposed to two stimuli: 7) …… and 8) …… The thermode was real, but the phone was a 9) …… When exposed to heat, the electrosensitive group, as well as the 10) …… group, complained of discomfort. But when exposed to the pretend phone, only the allegedly electrosensitive ones reported pain. And their reports matched their actual physiological response. When exposed to the sham brain scans the control group revealed no effect. But the electrosensitive group showed increased activity in 11) …… specific to pain perception. So the pain is real—even if the phone isn’t. And the real cause lies somewhere in 12)…… http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode.cfm?id=cell-phones-sometimes-cause-real-pa-08-10-13
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