Translate the sentences from the text. Pay attention to the tense forms. Comment on their use.

1. The Treaty of Rome was formed in 1957 by the same states.

2. Since then, it has grown in size through enlargement….

3. The Union’s membership has grown from the six foundingstates.

4. The EU was established by the Treaty of Maastricht in 1993.

5. The EU has developed a single market through a standardized system of laws.

6. Sixteen member states have adopted a common currency, the euro.

7. Sustainable development has long been one of the main objectives of EU policy.

8. EU leaders launched the first EU sustainable development strategy in 2001 and updated it in 2006.

Make up 3-4 sentences following the Passive model of sentences 1 and 4. Then change sentences 1 and 4 into Active form. Write them down.

Text A

The EU traces its origin from the European Coal and Steel Community, which was formed among six countries in 1951. The Treaty of Rome was formed in 1957 by the same states. Since then, the Union’s membership has grown from the six foundingstates - Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. Now the European Union is an economic and political union of 27 member sovereign states (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Ireland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) with over 500 million citizens, which are located primarily in Europe. Committed to regional integration, the EU was established by the Treaty of Maastricht in 1993 upon the foundations of the European Communities.

The EU has developed a single market through a standardized system of laws which apply in all member states, and ensures the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital, including the abolition of passport controls by the Schengen Agreement between 22 EU states. It maintains common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries and regional development. Sixteen member states have adopted a common currency, the euro, constituting the Eurozone.

The EU may be one of the richest parts of the world, but there are large differences in prosperity levels both between and within EU countries. The wealthiest country, Luxembourg, is more than seven times richer than Romania and Bulgaria, the poorest and newest EU members.

Regional policy is investing in all EU regions, in line with the Europe 2020 goals.

Particular efforts are being made in central and east European EU countries and regions with special needs in the other EU countries.

There is a strong focus on support for innovation and research, sustainable development, and job training in less advanced regions. Some funding is also provided for cross-border and inter-regional cooperation projects.

The EU is a legal person and thus is able to conclude treaties with countries. Permanent diplomatic missions of the EU are established around the world and representation at the United Nations, WTO, G8 and G20 is maintained. The EU delegations are headed by EU ambassadors.

Important institutions of the EU include the European Commission, the Council of the European Union, the European Council, the Court of Justice of the European Union, and European Central Bank. The European Parliament is elected every five years by EU citizens.

The EU has some of the highest environment standards in the world, developed over decades to address a wide range of issues. Today the main priorities are combating climate change, preserving biodiversity, reducing health problems from pollution and using natural resources more responsibly. While aimed at protecting the environment, these goals can contribute to economic growth by fostering innovation and enterprise.

The EU is working for a global agreement to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and is leading the way by taking bold action of its own.

The EU has committed to stopping the decline of endangered species and habitats in the EU by 2010, but reaching that goal will require much effort. Sustainable development has long been one of the main objectives of EU policy. EU leaders launched the first EU sustainable development strategy in 2001 and updated it in 2006.

Closely tied to climate change and energy policy, the revised plan stresses the importance of education, research and public funding to achieve sustainable production and consumption patterns.

Since then there have been significant efforts in terms of policy. Now the focus is on putting policy into practice.

Notes: traces its origin - веде свій початок

constituting the Eurozone – даючи старт єврозоні

in line with – відповідно до

combating climate change –боротьба з кліматичними змінами

endangered species and habitats – біологічні види та середовище проживання, які є під загрозою

emissions of greenhouse gases – викиди парникових газів

G8 - = group of eight - велика вісімка

G20 -=group of twenty – велика двадцятка