Exercises. Exercise 1. Translate the following phrases into Russian; use them in sentences or situations.

Exercise 1. Translate the following phrases into Russian; use them in sentences or situations.

 

1. To lay hands on something. 2. To take defeat lying down. 3. To do all that lies in one’s power. 4. To lay the table for supper. 5. To find out how the land lies. 6. To lie on the ground. 7. To lay out flower-beds. 8. To lay eyes on. 9. To lay heads together. 10. To lay the case before somebody. 11. To lie heavy on one’s conscience. 12. To lay stress on something. 13. To lie on one’s side. 14. To lie to the south. 15. To lie low. 16. To lay bare. 17. To lay down the receiver. 18. To lay a trap for somebody. 19. To lie in the sun. 20. To lay one’s cheek open. 21. To lay a trap for somebody. 22. To lie back in an armchair. 23. To be laid up for a long time. 24. The scene of the story is laid in. 25. To lay a person’s doubts. 26. To lay a fire. 27. To lay a heavy tax on something. 28. To lay open a plot. 29. To lay emphasis on. 30. To lay one’s plans bare. 31. To lay one’s ideas before somebody. 32. To lay oneself open to criticism. 33. To lay aside one’s book. 34. To lay something down as a principle. 35. To lay in coal for the winter. 36. Well laid-out streets. 37. To lay out a meal. 38. To lay on gas and water. 39. To lay eyes on. 40. To lay claim to.

Exercise 2. Answer the following questions.

1. Are you fond of lying in the sun and getting sun-browned? 2. What is the correct way to lay the table for dinner (for breakfast)? 3. Have you ever lain awake all through the night? Can you account for it? 4. How often do hens lay eggs? 5. Where does the Isle of Man lie? 6. Who usually lays the table in your family? 7. What do you think of persons who always take things lying down? 8. Do you promise to do all that lies in your power to put things right? 9. Would you like to lie down for half an hour? 10. Who laid out this flower-bed in your garden? 11. Do you think your friend is going to be laid up for a long time? Isn’t he better now? 12. Would you like me to give you a piece of advice? If so, will you lay the whole case before me? 13. Where did the Gadfly’s strength lie? 14. Who laid the foundations of socialist realism in our literature? 15. Is it a healthy habit to read when lying in bed? 16. What points should a teacher lay particular stress on in the process of upbringing his pupils? 17. When and where is the scene of «Jennie Gerhardt» by Th. Dreiser laid? 18. Why did Nessie Brodie lay hands on herself?

Exercise 3. Paraphrase the following phrases and sentences using one of the words under discussion.

1. To set the table for breakfast. 2. To spread a tablecloth ready for a meal. 3. To commit suicide. 4. To reveal one’s secret emotions. 5. To place the pencil on the table. 6. To value very much. 7. To submit to an insult without protest or opposition. 8. To do everything that is within one’s power. 9. To keep down the dust by sprinkling water on the road. 10. The events described in the novel took place in Oxford several years ago. 11. He found me responsible for his misfortune. 12. He cut his cheek by falling and striking it against a rock. 13. His deception troubled his conscience. 14. You are to blame for this misfortune. 15. Let us discuss the matter together. 16. To learn how matters stand. 17. There was a lot of snow in the fields. 18. To point out precisely the cause of a trouble. 19. To be forced to stay in bed. 20. To place one’s confidence in a person. 21. To expose oneself to attack.

Exercise 4. * Fill in the blanks using one of the verbs under discussion in the required form:

(a) the Infinitive:

1. It rested you to... among the olives within sight of the wine-coloured sea. 2. I was about to... down again, convinced that I was mistaken, when again I fancied I heard someone call. 3. She took her hand from her husband’s neck to... it on his hair. 4. I’ve lost half my staff and the others are ready to... down and die at any minute. 5. She had found crockery in the cupboard, and a strip of tablecloth, with which she proceeded to... the table. 6. These (hens) she kept in the box with her all the time, day and night, stroking their feathers so they would be persuaded to... eggs for her. 7. Help us to... waste their humble homes with a hurricane of fire. 8. She was intolerant of people who wanted to miss breakfast and... late on a Sunday morning. 9. He knew that he must... perfectly still. 10. Barney was trying to... bets, unsuccessfully. 11. Osterman ate all the olives he could... his hands on, a score of them, fifty of them, a hundred of them.

(b) the Present Indefinite:

1. Behind all these manifestations of confusion and uncertainty there... a deeper and more profound problem. 2. Perhaps my reasons... somewhere else. 3. A lot of people think that science... in the bottom of a test tube. I don’t. 4. Well, the nation is not on its musical sick bed, but the workers ought to be on their way to the chemists for pills to tone up the system in readiness for battles that... ahead. 5. People from the part of Northern Ohio in which Winesburg... will remember old Windpeter by his unusual and tragic death.

 

(c) the Past Indefinite:

1. There was no light. She stepped close now to the shutter, and... her eye against the slit. 2. He... his hands on the reins and Harran checked the team. 3. The Chinese cook... the table in the regular dining-room. 4. He... upon his back with his arms outstretched as though pleading. His dead eyes were open. 5. It was as though the hot night... there out of breath. 6. He... on a wicker chaise longue with the gun in his lap pointing at me. 7. Yesterday Philippa had brought back three fair-sized trout and... them in triumph before the proprietress. 8. Morgan... down Hilda’s long letter. 9. He looked to the south and knew that somewhere beyond those bleak hills... the Great Bear Lake. 10. Querry... down on his bed. 11. For the most part he... with his eyes closed. 12. It was an elegant expensive set, and he... it reverently on the tumbled table.13. The shutter that had broken off... almost buried in the sand. 14. For half an hour perhaps Walker... with his eyes closed, then he opened them. 15. A broken-down seeder... rusting to its ruin. 16. He exhausted the mother ptarmigan; but he exhausted himself. She... panting on her side. He... panting on his side, a dozen feet away, unable to crawl to her. 17. Father... on his side with his head over the edge of the bed. 18. She... her cheek against his. 19. I... with closed eyes. 20. When he was tired he... down on a rock.

 

(d) the Present Participle:

1. They found him... on the landing outside the bathroom, dead. 2. His body was found... on the floor of an upstairs room by police. 3. Taverner pointed to a checked woollen muffler... on the floor. 4.God knows, I don’t want a row, but we can’t take it... down. 5. I left Pierre... on the floor and walked slowly upstairs. 6. He saw a ragged woman... inside on an old torn blanket. 7.He reminded Julia of an old dog... in the sun and gently beating his tail on the ground. 8. She dozed a little, she read a little, or... on the comfortable sofa she let her thoughts wander. 9. I removed the receiver,... it gently on the desk. 10. She was... the table for lunch. 11. «We’ll have to be rather saving,» he said,... down some meat he had purchased. 12. You are... bare the innermost thought and desire of my heart. 13. We do not feel justified in... any particular stress upon the fact. 14. And the system of irrigating ditches that Derrick and I have been... out! There’s thousands of dollars in that!

 

(e) the Past Participle:

1. The very sight of him comforted her, eased a little of the pain that had... in her heart for many days and nights. 2. They might have been a couple of wanderers who had strolled out of the night into a strange house and found a copious repast … out for them. 3. They had... awake for hours.4. They passed up and down little hills … out with trim rice-fields and farm-houses. 5. The book which Kitty had... face downwards she did not remember when still lay face downwards. 6. «And that the damages are actually... at fifteen hundred pounds?» said Mr Pickwick. 7.The dining-table,... for two, glowed cheerily in the glow of the pinkshaded candles. 8. Me met a good many Indians who’d never... eyes on a white man before. 9. If you are really innocent of what is... to your charge, you are more unfortunate than I had believed any man could possibly be.

 

Exercise 5. Complete and expand on the following sentences.

1. The foundation of the building... 2. The scene of the story is... 3. The hens are... 4. I have the book somewhere, but I can’t... 5. The child fell down and... 6. The downpour... 7. It is time for dinner. Have you...? 8. A beautiful carpet was... 9. He made up his mind to... 10. She broke her leg and... 11. Where does Glasgow...? 12. After the earthquake the town... 13. He took the insult... 14. Where is the scene of «The Cop and the Anthem» by O. Henry...? 15. He promised to do all that... 16. I felt dog-tired and... 17. I saw several books … 18. Don’t mave, you must …

Exercise 6. Use the following sentences in situations.

1. But perhaps she foresaw better than I what lay ahead of me. 2. He laid his copy of the Times down on the desk. 3. She laid down the receiver. 4. Your husband shoudn’t leave his letters lying open. 5. I felt like going and lying on the bed and listening to records. 6. Well, lie down, and I’ll put on the coffee. 7.A group of men, talking at the top of their voices and gesticulating wildly, were clustered round a man lying on the ground. 8.«Oh, it’s nothing much,» she went on quickly, before he could speak. «He’s been laid up a few weeks. But he’ll soon be all right.» 9. By the roadside the dust lay thick and grey. 10. I don’t understand. I’ve lain awake for two whole nights turning it all over in my mind. 11. At least we were showing a brave front to whatever lay ahead. 12. For a long time he lay there, wondering at the stillness. 13. That night he lay awake.

Exercise 7. Make up a list ol nouns that go with the verbs lie and lay; use several of the resulting phrases in short dialogues or situa­tions based on the subject matter of English or American novels.

Exercise 8. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Ковентри находится недалеко от Бирмингема. 2. Дорожка, ведущая к дому, была выложена кирпичом. 3. Лежите спокойно, вам нельзя двигаться. 4. Из-за неблагоприятных погодных условий корабль простоял на якоре пять часов. 5. Действие этой пьесы происходит в Ирландии. 6. Ливень сильно примял посевы. 7. Вы выяснили, как обстоят дела? 8. Он сказал, что этот разговор очень важен. 9. У него есть неприятная черта: он любит сваливать вину на других. 10. Она изложила дело перед судом. 11. Передо мной простиралась огромная, бескрайняя равнина. 12. Когда я вошел в комнату, стол уже был накрыт. 13. Закончив разговор, она положила трубку. 14. Она почувствовала слабость и решила прилечь. 15. Он давно уже прикован к постели. 16. Фундамент новой больницы был заложен в прошлом году. 17. Несутся ли куры зимой?