Race relations

World War I: strict limitations on immigration in the USA, Canada > mass emigration from Great Britain stopped

· A mass movement of black people - seen as strictly undesirable > popular disquiet > Afro-Caribbeans and Asians not suitable workers. The climate and general greyness of Britain, hostility > disappointment: most came to ‘better themselves’; wanted to return - energies were spent on economic survival in Britain.

· Home Office minister: up to 330,000 incidents of racial harassment occur each year.

· 1988-90: black ethnic minorities in Britain faced an unemployment rate of 13 per cent compared to 7 per cent for white people.

· 1995: the unemployment rate among black Afro-Caribbeans and Bangladeshis was 24 and 27 per cent respectively.

· Black people in Britain: unemployment, poorer housing, education and health care and little mobility within the employment market.

· The contribution of Britain’s immigrants since 1945 and their offspring across all aspects of society has been immense. Modern youth culture displays in its music, fashion and street life a fusion of inputs from many ethnic groups.

· The ethnic proportion in Britain: English 81.5%; Scottish 9.6%; Irish 2.4%; Welsh 1.9%; Ulster 1.8%; West Indian, Indian, Pakistani, and other 2.8%.