VOCABULARY EXERCISES. Exercise I. a) Find the English equivalents in the text: безопасность на судах; безопасность рабочего места; не загораживать трапы; соответствующее освещение;Exercise I. a) Find the English equivalents in the text: безопасность на судах; безопасность рабочего места; не загораживать трапы; соответствующее освещение; сохранять остойчивость судна; противостоять повреждениям; герметичный отсек; авария; иллюминаторы; предельная линия; без согласия капитана; снабжены соответствующей трюмной помпой; способна дренировать водонепроницаемый отсек; руль; баллер руля; задний ход. Exercise II. Translate into English:
1.Необходимо держать сходной трап свободным от любых препятствий. 2.Капитан судна должен быть снабжен необходимыми инструкциями. 3.Освещение., отопление и вентиляция помещений на судне должны соответствовать стандартам. 4. Иллюминаторы, нижние кромки которых находятся ниже придельной линии, не должны открываться без разрешения капитана. 5. Главное рулевое устройство сконструировано таким образом, чтобы управлять судном на максимальной скорости. 6. Мотористы дренировали этот танк (ту цистерну). 7. Судно получило пробоину (hole) в корпусе.
Exercise III. Read the words. Match the body part with the type of protective clothing.
Exercise IV. Read this article from a safety manual. Find words that describe body parts and injuries.
1. Seafarers sometimes break their arms and legs when they slip or fall. These accidents happen when they don't wear safety boots or when decks are wet and oily. Seafarers also fall when ladders are not secure. To prevent broken arms and legs, it is important to wear safety boots. 2. Seafarers sometimes strain their backs when they lift heavy objects. Back strain usually happens when seafarers lift objects alone or when they don't use lifting equipment properly. To prevent back strain, it is important to lift properly. 3. Seafarers sometimes suffer from burns when there is a fire, explosion or chemical spill. Seafarers need to be careful when they smoke or when they work with chemicals. To prevent burns, it is important to obey "No Smoking" signs and to handle chemical cargos safely. 4. Seafarers sometimes suffer from cuts. They often cut their fingers when they are careless with sharp machinery. To prevent cuts, it is important to use safety guards and to wear gloves. 5. Seafarers sometimes injure their eyes when they work with machinery. Dust, sparks, and chemicals are very dangerous when they enter the eye. To prevent eye injuries, it is important to wear protective goggles.
burn – ожог dust – пыль spark – искра chemical spill - утечка химикатов
Exercise I. Translate the extract from the Contract paying attention to the translation of Modal Verbs.
1. Sailors must keep their places clean and in order. 2. Sailors should not bring aboard any weapons, narcotics or alcohol with the exception of those that are provided by the Shipowner as part of the vessel’s provisions. 3. Sailors should not go ashore in any foreign port except by permission of the Master. 4. Any Seaman may request his immediate discharge because of illness or injury. 5. The Shipowner and Master may issue such rules and regulation as may be necessary for the safe operation of the vessel.
Exercise II. Read the sentences. Replace Modal Verbs with its equivalents. Translate the sentences.
1. Engineers must quickly learn the location of all manuals, drawings, technical books, tools, spare parts etc. All manuals and technical books must be used very carefully. Damage to these books often happens when they are taken into the engine-room. So the Chief Engineer must control that they are only taken into the engine-room when it is absolutely necessary and only for short period. 2. All watch keeping Officers must report directly to the Chief Engineer and execute his orders. 3. All Engineering Officers must know the layout and parameters of the vessel. 4. All Engineers must read and learn the Quality System. 5. Pollution is very important. All national and international regulations must be followed. Each ship must have Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan. 6. The Company provides personal protective equipment which must be used.
Exercise III. Connect the sentences. Choose the best connecting word. (Because, and, but, or, so).
1. He fell off the ladder. The ladder wasn't secure. 2. The load was too heavy for the crane. The cargo fell. 3. There is a danger of toxic gases in enclosed (закрытый) spaces. You must always check the air before you enter. 4. The lightering hose (лихтерный рукав) was not secured at the manifold. The crewman was not injured when he disconnected the hose. 5. Many seafarers slip on deck. They don't wear safety shoes. 6. There was a storm at sea. A pallet truck (автопогрузчик) broke free (сорвался) in high winds. 7. Accidents at sea happen because of negligence (небрежность). They happen because equipment is not maintained. 8. The fire started in the pump room. It spread to the engine room. 9. A seafarer broke his arm. A steel pipe fell on him. 10. Fires can start if electrical equipment is faulty (неработоспособно). They can start if cigarettes are not extinguished (затушены) properly.
Exercise IV. Look at the verbs. Complete the sentences. Choose a verb for each command: Get call lower smoke enter close proceed stop 1. Fire in the galley! Get a fire extinguisher! 2. They are loading the fuel. Don’t __ on deck! 3. Man overboard! __ the lifeboat! 4. Emergency! __ to your muster stations (место сбора по тревоге) immediately! 5. Flooding (потоп) in the engine-room! __ the Master! 6. The oil is leaking! __ the pumps! 7. Fire in the cabins! __ all fire doors! (противопожарные двери) 8. The air is toxic! Don’t __ that area!
Exercise IV. Complete the sentences with must / must not. 1. All personnel ____ wear safety goggles (защитные очки) while operating this machinery. 2. There is a leak! You ____ switch off the pump immediately! 3. There is gas in the space! You _____ enter! 4. You _____ use safety equipment. 5. We _____ smoke in the holds. 6. There is a smell of gas in the hold. You _____ wear your breathing apparatus (дыхательные аппараты. 7. There is an electrical fire. You _____ get water fire extinguisher (огнетушитель). 8. There is a man overboard. You ____ lower lifeboat.
Exercise V. Look at the graph. It shows the number and types of incidents that occurred at sea last year. Use a dictionary to check that you know each type of incident. Read the report. Complete the report with numbers from the graph.
FRONTIER SHIP MANAGEMENT COMPANY Last year there were 63 incidents at sea. This included __ spills, 2 of which resulted in pollution. Fourteen vessels grounded and ___ vessels collided in bad weather conditions. There were ___ reports of personal injury. These injuries usually occurred because seamen did not take care with machinery or because they did not wear the correct type of protective clothing. ____ ships reported fires on board during the year: in 2 incidents, the fires started in the galley; in another 2 incidents, fires started when chemical containers exploded; and in 3 incidents, the fires occurred because of electrical faults. On ____ occasions vessels lost power because the crew did not follow correct procedures during manoeuvring. There were __ accounts of cargo contamination: 1 cargo of grain suffered from heat damage, and in the other case, water leaked into the hold and damaged a cargo of fruit. Notes toground – сесть на мель injury – повреждение electrical faults- повреждение в электрической цепи procedures – зд.действия contamination - загрязнение heat damage – повреждениевысокими температурами
Exercise VI. Look at the next graph. It shows the incidents that occurred at sea last month. Read the report. Complete the sentences in the report with the verb. Change each verb to the Past Simple.
suffer lose report be explode collide ground start damage include leak be
Last month there ____ 18 incidents at sea. There ____ 4 spills. There were no reports of personal injury. Two vessels ____ because of low water in port and another 2 ships ____ in foggy conditions. Six ships ___ fires on board: in 5 incidents the fires ___ in the engine room and in 1 incident the fire started when chemical containers ____. There ___ 1 incident of a vessel which ___ power during ship manoeuvring. Three vessels ___ cargo contamination when water ___ into the hold and ___ the cargo. Notes Low water – отлив Foggy conditions – условия тумана Exercise VII. Retell the text in 5-7 sentences.
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FRONTIER SHIP MANAGEMENT COMPANY
