Introduction

Pestova T.M, Matushkin M.N.

Secondary school № 618, Saint-Petersburg

E-mail: [email protected]

 

Annotation. Varzuga is the river in the South of the Kola Peninsula. It flows from its Central part to the South. It flows into the White Sea, next to Kuzomen village. The Kola Peninsula is located in the above the Arctic Circle. Nowadays, the water mouth of river Varzuga is constantly subjected to the strongest anthropogenic pressure which has been led to formation of anthropogenic Heath - Kuzomenski sands. They arose as a result of a complex set of factors: deforestation, fires, overgrazing еtc. They were shifting Sands with scrubby vegetation and sands dunes. This disaster is known around the world. Since the late twentieth century to the present time, by common efforts of foresters, scientists, students and pupils the movement of sands were almost stopped due to the methods of phytomelioration. Students and pupils of the Environmental Centre of Murmansk under the direct leadership of Pestova T.M. were taking part in the realization of this experiment. They have achieved the highest results. That’s why the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of Murmansk sent an invitation addressed to Pestova T.M. to organize an expedition with a group of pupils from Scientific Society “Northen Garden” from Saint-Petersburg onKuzomenski sands to continue participation in the experiment in June 2015.

Key words: Ecology, adaptation, human-induced causes, phenological observations, monitoring, coniferous dendrites, landscape, exposition.

Improving the process of high-temperature processing steel-smelting dump slag by the experimental and theoretical researches.

Chumanov I.V., Trofimov E.A., Dildin A.N.

FSBEI HPE “South Ural State University” (NRU)

Zlatoust, Russian Federation

[email protected]

Abstract.

The aim of this work is theoretical and experimental researches of the processes and modes high-temperature processing of steel slags for more complete extraction of metal component. Software complex "FactSage" (version 6.4) was used for the thermodynamic modeling of the processes occurring during the recovery of metals from steelmaking slags. Experimental researches included experiments on solid-phase and liquid-phase recovery of samples of slag at temperatures of 1000 – 1500 °C. The results of thermodynamic modeling and experimental high-temperature slag processing allows to speak about the advisability of preliminary solid-phase recovery slag in the atmosphere of carbon monoxide with subsequent high-temperature (liquid phase) recovery to obtain the individual metal fractions.

Keywords: Thermodynamic modeling, experimental research, steel smelting slag, high-temperature processes.

 

Introduction

The questions of waste and recycling steelmaking remain relevant for the steel industry [1-2]. Formed in steelmaking slags are complex chemical and structural-phase composition [3], which determines the direction choice of technology for extracting and recovery the metal component according to the type of "recovery – melting" or "melting – recovery " [4].

The creation of efficient technologies for recycling processing of waste (including dump slag) is more effective and promising direction in comparison with traditional methods aimed at the use of slag as raw material in the manufacture of building materials and products [5-9], as technological, economic and environmental problems can be solved with[10-13].

Технологии такого рода в принципе являются высокотемпературными, поскольку полное извлечение металлов из оксидов и иных составляющих шлаков зависит от активности компонентов и температурных условий реализации восстановительных процессов. Ранее нами рассматривались в лабораторных условиях варианты извлечения из оксидного материала отвальных шлаков металлической составляющей, содержащей железо и ряд легирующих компонентов (хром, марганец, титан, ванадий) на основе последовательно осуществляемых методов твердофазного и жидкофазного восстановления с использованием на разных стадиях магнитной сепарации [14-16].

Было установлено, что предварительная обработка шлакового материала, включающая в себя стадии магнитной сепарации и твердофазного восстановления, позволяют снизить количество пустой невосстанавливаемой части шлака и положительно сказывается на совокупных энергозатратах с учетом последующего жидкофазного восстановления, где в качестве восстановителей выступает как углерод, так и его монооксид.

Solid-phase recovery (performed at the temperatures of 1000-1300 °C) is using as the reducing agent ground graphite contributed to the increase of iron content in slag and alloying material according to the obtained data. This had the positive impact in subsequent recovery operations of the oxide material in the liquid-phase recovery [15].

The question of the mass fraction recoverable metallic material remains relevant at different stages of processing depending on temperature, composition of the gas phase, the amount and type of reducing agent. Such information is needed in the development of modes complex processing steel slags.

Целью настоящей работы стало теоретическое и экспериментальное изучение возможности и целесообразности предварительной обработки сталеплавильных шлаков в атмосфере, содержащей монооксид углерода, для более полного извлечения металла.