B) Find in the text the factors which determine the choice by in individual of this or that college or university.
C) Summarize the text in three paragraphs.
2. Use the topical vocabulary and the material of the Appendix (p. 262) in answering the following questions:
1. What steps do students have to take to enroll in acollege/ university for admission? Speak about the exams they take — PSAT, SAT, ACT. 2. What financial assistance are applicants eligible for? What is college scholarship, grants, loan? Explain and bring out the essence of student financial aid. 3. Speak about the academic calendar of a university. How does an academic year differ from the one in Russia? 4. How many credit hours does a student need to graduate? What type auricular courses and how many does a student have to take to earn a degree? 5. What is a GPA (grade point average)? 6. What is there to say about a college faculty? What is a tenure? 7. What is the role of a student's counsellor? Specify the function of career development and job placement within a university. 8. Should there be an age limit for university full-time students? What are your attitudes to mature students? 9. What are the sources of funding for universities and colleges (both public and private)? 10. What is an undergraduate student? A graduate student?
3. a) Study the following and extract the necessary information:
Average Academic Fees per Quarter (public university) Tuition Colleges non-residential residential students students
Two Year Colleges $ 753 $ 1796 College of Applied Science $ 753 $ 1796
University College $ 63 $ 150 (part-time rates per cr. hour) Baccalaureate Colleges Art & Science, College- $ 753 $ 1796 Conservatory School of Education, Evening College, Business Administra- $ 63 $ 150 tion, etc. (part-time rates per cr. hr.)
Graduate and Professional Programs Medicine (M.D.) $ 2188 $ 4204 (part-tame per cr. hr.) $ 182 $ 350 Law J.D.) $1192 $2323 (part-tame per cr. hr.)/ $ 99 $ 194 Graduate programs $1171 $2303 (part-tame per cr. hr.) $98 $ 192 _____________________________________________________________________ Room $642 Board (10 meals a week) $ 1045
Average College Expenses (University of Pennsylvania — private) Tuition and General Fee $ 11,976 Room and meals $ 4,865 Books and supplies $ 380 Educational Technology Fee $ 200 Personal expenses (e. g. clothing, laundry, $ 1,009 recreation) _________________________ Tota l: $ 18,430
B) Comment on the given information and speak about the financial aspect of getting a higher education in the US A.
4. Read the following dialogue. The expression in bold type show the way people can be persuaded. Note them down. Be ready to act out the dialogue in class:
Molly. Yolanda, I have big news to tell you. I've made a very big decision. Yolanda: Well, come on. What is it?
M.: I'm going to apply to medical school. Y.: You're what? But I thought you wanted to teach. M: I've decided to give that up. Teaching jobs are being cut back now at many universities. Y.: Yes, and I've read that a number of liberal arts colleges have been closed. M: I have a friend who finished his Ph. D. in history last year. He's been looking for a teaching position for a year, and he's been turned down by every school so far. Y.: I suppose a Ph.D. in the humanities isn't worth very much these days. M: No, it isn't. And even if you find a teaching job, the salary is very low. Y.: Yeah, college teachers should be paid more. But, Molly,it's very difficult to get into medical school today. M.: Iknow. I've been told the same thing by everyone. Y.: How are you going to pay for it? It costs a fortune to go to medical schools now. M.: Maybe I can get a loan from the federal government. Y.: That's an interesting possibility but it doesn't solve the financial problem entirely even if you get the student financial aid. You will graduate owing money. Medical students, especially, acquired heavy debts. Recently I read of one who owed $ 60,000. Won't you be facing sufficient other problems without starting life in debt? Aren't many college graduates having trouble even finding jobs? When they find them, don't they begin at relatively modest salaries? M.: I don't know, but... Y.: It's foolish for a student to acquire debt, a negative dowry, unless it's absolutely imperative. Students sometimes become so excited about college that they forget there's life afterwards. M: Maybe you're right. Life is a series of compromises, I'll have to consider career possibilities in the light of college costs...
In trying to persuade others, people use different tactics which can be classified into 3 basic strategies — hard, soft, and rational. Hard tactics aUenate the people being influenced and create a climate of hostility and resistance. Soft tactics — acting nice, being humble —may lessen self-respect and self-esteem. People who rely chiefly on logic reasons and compromise to get then-way are the most successful.
1) As you read the extracts below pay attention to the difference between the 3 different strategies of persuasion — hard, soft and rational:
a) (parent to child) Get upstairs and clean your room! Now. (hard); b) (professor to student) I'm awfully sorry to ask you to stay late but I know I can't solve this problem without your help, (rational); c) (professor to student) I strongly suggest that you work this problem out, if not, I will have to write a negative report about you. (hard); d) (teacher to freshman) That was the best essay I ever read. Why don't you send it to the national competition? You could do very well there, (soft).
2) Turn the given situation below into four possible dialogues by supplying the appropriate request of the first speaker: John, a high school undergraduate, asks his Latin teacher to write a recommendation for him to apply to the University of Pennsylvania for admission.
a) J.: T.: Sure, John. b) J.: T.: Of course, John. c) J.: T.: I suppose that's all right, John. d) J.: T.: Yeah, that's OK, John.
3)In the text below: The teacher is giving Jeff, talented but a very lazy student, his advice, a) Decide if the teacher's strategies are hard, soft or rational:
I guess there is nothing more I can say or do to persuade you to try harder, Jeff. At this point it is crucial that you decide what you really want to do in order to know the language well. It's important to start early. You are very bright but it is still essential that you practise on a daily basis. It is also very important for you to come to class regularly. No one can do these things for you and no one should. It's necessary that you decide yourself whether to make these changes in your attitude or to give up your future as a teacher of English.
b) Act out a dialogue based on the above given situation. Vary the teacher's strategies by changing the Subjunctive Clauses to Infinitive Clauses and the Infinitive Clauses to Subjunctive Clauses.
6. Pair work. 1) From the dialogue in Ex. 4 Use the problems which young people face choosing a career in the USA. Team up with another student and discuss the problem of a career choice. Try to be convincing in defending your views. 2)Use the art of persuasion in making your son apply to the university of your choice which does not appeal to him. Vary the strategies from soft to hard.
In some US universities and high schools there are summer schools where high school students may repeat the courses to improve then grades or they may take up some additional courses to get better opportunities while applying for admission to a university. College students attend summer schools for the above mentioned reasons and also to speed up getting a degree by earning additional credits. (The classes are paid for on per hour basis). There have been years of debate to introduce a year-round compulsory schooling. Below is the text about an experiment which was made in Los Angeles.
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