ТЕСТ ПО ТЕКСТУВыберите правильный ответ и переведите предложения на русский язык. 4.1. Accounting gives the company's management the information to evaluate financial performance …. a) over a previous period of time B) for the current period of a fiscal year c) over previous three years 4.2.The statement of cash flows provides information which …. a) is available in either an income statement or a balance sheet b) is not available in either an income statement or a balance sheet c) is available only in an income statement 4.3. The income statement … being called dividends a) summarizes withdrawal of assets b) includes withdrawal of assets c) excludes the withdrawal of assets
4.4. The separate statement of retained earnings and stockholder's equity shows … a) the company's management what has happened to their ownership in the company b) investors what has happened to their ownership in the company c) tax departments what has happened to the company 4.5. Being prepared for the use of management, the financial statements contain … a) neither debit nor credit columns b) either debit or credit columns c) neither revenues nor expenses columns ВАРИАНТ № 3 I. Выберите правильный ответ, обращая внимание на видовременную форму и залог сказуемого, и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1.1. Sales … not … at the moment. a) have … increased b) are … increasing c) are … increased 1.2. Russia’s work on setting up the Federal Treasury … in 1993. a) was beginning b) was begun c) begins 1.3. We … already … a pilot project for training employees for the Treasury agencies. a) are … starting b) were … started c) have … started 1.4. Economics … society’s production and consumption levels. a) analyzes b) are analyzing c) analyzed 1.5. Our proposals … by the Board of Directors next week. a) are discussed b) will be discussing c) will be discussed
II. Выберите правильный ответ, обращая внимание на модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык. 2.1. When I was area manager, I … visit five customers a day. a) could b) were able to c) am to 2.2. Proposals are usually accepted with an absolute majority, so we … reject a proposal without presenting it to the Meeting. a) needn’t b) mustn’t c) wasn’t allowed to 2.3. We have no idea what … happen to their next delivery. a) ought to b) had to c) can 2.4. Firms … increase efficiency of labour for obtaining higher profits. a) was able to b) have to c) is allowed to 2.5. Government regulations … be in the interests of society. a) has to b) are allowed to c) should
III. Выпишите предложения, в которых причастие II является определением, и переведите их на русский язык. 3.1. The demanded quality of a particular good varies with different individuals and consumer groups. 3.2. The company has made a decision to start producing new machines. 3.3. Supply restrictions imposed by cartels are as characteristic of industrialized economies as of developing economies. 3.4. In our modern complex economy, the producer often decides for himself what goods and services should be offered to consumers. 3.5. The living standards of population as seen from the table is rather low. IV. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст, затем выполните тест по тексту:
STRATEGIC PLANNING New products strategy has four purposes. First is to focus team effort. People involved in new products projects suffer many diversions — other projects, emergencies, customer problems, and so on. With today’s pressure on product innovators to speed up the process, focus is critical. Second, strategy brings about integration. Scores or hundreds of people are involved in any project, each with their own agenda and departmental pressures. New project managers are expected to make the group work as a team, consistently, and with synergy, not divisiveness. But managers can’t be in all places at all times. Strategy statements can be, and they help. If new product strategy is not offered, individuals make up their own. Third, strategy is a tool of delegation. All players can not be checked by the new products manager every time they make a decision or spend some money. So, strategy lets them operate independently, effectively, and efficiently while still integrated with the rest of the team. Fourth, preparing strategy requires proactive management, not reactive. If it is necessary to state what a project’s focus will be, chances are, the investigation of the opportunities will be more thorough. And, if the strategic statement must include all critical guidelines, then its author had to study the selected opportunity thoroughly. In other words, having to write out strategy helps create better managers. Though these purposes sound rather academic, the unique nature of the new products process makes them real. Let’s look in on a team of people developing a small, portable computer printer. One member is thinking of using a new battery-based technology, while another team member is concentrating on potential customers who work in environments where wall plugs are available! One department plans to pretest the product extensively, while another department assumes time is critical and is building finished production capability from the beginning! And the team is being guided by requests from the sales department, which is currently calling on smaller firms although, in fact, the biggest potential may be in large firms (or governments, or schools)! This team has not developed strategy.
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