Summary
Educational anthropology is intermediary or mediator between all sciences about man, philosophy, religion and art, on the one hand, and theory and practice of education, on the other hand. Educational anthropology is naturally the hub of knowledge of man about man. This knowledge is called to give the basis to proper education. «If the pedagogics wants to bring up a human being in every respect, it should before learn him also in every respect», — this principle by Constantine D. Ushinsky (1824—1870) was and remains the constant truth for realistic pedagogics. «An educator should know as much as possible about man in his family, in his society and community, in all ages, all classes, all situations, in pleasure and trouble, in greatness and humiliation, in abundance of forces and in illness, among unlimited hopes and on a death-bed, when a word of a human consolation is already powerless», — contended Ushinsky. Parents, teachers, social workers, advisers — psychologists, any tutors and instructors require some understanding of social and individual world. They vitally need to know, what awaits their pupils in the near future, when the former pupils are pressed to manage without the help of the tutors, and how creative and destructive characters, murderers and tyrants, benefactors of mankind and oppressor are being brought up. The text of the manual is made of adapted works by great men of culture and science. These works are reduced, partially retold, ter-minologically modernised, facilitated for easier understanding. The compiler of the manual bears the complete responsibility for their semantic authenticity. Educational — anthropological interpretation of these documents belongs also to the compiler. The bibliographic descriptions of the sources are given at the end of the book. With rare exception, specially stipulated in the appropriate cases, all texts are grouped on themes, and turned into the uniform document. Thus, the reader is to confront with a certain conditional collective author being of venerable age — he is not less than three thousand years old. And simultaneously this author is quite alive — in the ordinary and the figurative sense. In the first chapter the exigency, the feasibility, and the evolution of educational anthropology are considered. The second chapter «Education and Social Awareness» is devoted to pedagogical interpretation of the data of philosophy of religion, philosophy of knowledge, philosophy of art, philosophy of science, and history of philosophy. In the third chapter «Education and Historical Processes» some pedagogical conclusions from ethnology, historiography, history of culture, history of education, and futurology are considered. The materials assembled in the chapter «Education, Individual, and Society» represent the interpretation of works on social psychology, law, philosophy of law, politology, and ethics. The last chapter «Human Being—Education—Humankind» considers moulding of one's moral character under the influence of society as well as of some individuals (in particular). The data of various pedagogical sciences here are generalised. The leading theme of the book is the education for freedom. A corresponding characteristic curriculum is suggested. All chapters are accomplished with special questions and assignments designed for the application of theory to educational practice.
CONTENTS
Foreword.................................................................................................................. 2 What is it - educational anthropology.................................................................... 8 The exigency of educational anthropology............................................................. 8 The feasibility of educational anthropology......................................................... 11 Sources and methods............................................................................................ 19 The evolution of educational anthropology.......................................................... 26 Education and social awareness............................................................................ 37 Faith..................................................................................................................... 37 Reason.................................................................................................................. 64 Feeling.................................................................................................................. 79 Sciences and scholarship...................................................................................... 92 Philosophy......................................................................................................... 118 Education and historical processes...................................................................... 141 Races and ethnic groups..................................................................................... 144 History of societies............................................................................................. 168 History of culture............................................................................................... 187 History of schooling........................................................................................... 213 The future........................................................................................................... 233 Education, individual and society....................................................................... 257 Social psychology.............................................................................................. 258 State and politics................................................................................................ 285 Rights and lack of them...................................................................................... 307 Power and powerlessness of evil........................................................................ 326 Triumph and defeat of love................................................................................ 358 Human being-education-mankind...................................................................... 399 Upbringing of a human being by the humankind............................................... 399 Upbringing of man by man................................................................................ 412 References............................................................................................................ 431 In the Russian language...................................................................................... 431 In Western languages.......................................................................................... 473 Summary............................................................................................................. 504
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
Предисловие............................................................................................................ 2 ЧТО ТАКОЕ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКАЯ АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ?............................... 8 Необходимость..................................................................................................... 8 Возможность....................................................................................................... 11 Источники и методы........................................................................................... 19 Эволюция............................................................................................................ 26 ПЕДАГОГИКА И ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ СОЗНАНИЕ...................................... 37 Вера..................................................................................................................... 37 Разум................................................................................................................... 64 Чувство................................................................................................................ 79 Наука................................................................................................................... 92 Философия........................................................................................................ 118 ПЕДАГОГИКА И ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ.................................... 141 Расы и этносы.................................................................................................... 144 История обществ............................................................................................... 168 История культуры............................................................................................ 187 История образования....................................................................................... 213 Будущее............................................................................................................. 233 ПЕДАГОГИКА, ЛИЧНОСТЬ И ОБЩЕСТВО............................................. 257 Социальная психология................................................................................... 258 Государство и политика................................................................................... 285 Право и бесправие............................................................................................ 307 Сила и бессилие зла.......................................................................................... 326 Поражения и победы любви............................................................................. 358 ЧЕЛОВЕК-ВОСПИТАНИЕ-ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСТВО........................................... 399 Воспитание человека обществом..................................................................... 399 Воспитание человека человеком...................................................................... 412 ИСТОЧНИКИ И ЛИТЕРАТУРА.................................................................... 431 Источники и литература на русском языке..................................................... 431 Источники и литература на иностранных языках.......................................... 473 Summary............................................................................................................. 504
Автор-составитель Борис Михайлович БИМ-БАД
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