PENZA MEDICAL INSTITUTE

 

 

Справка 1.

В конце 90-х годов прошлого века в США были предприняты попытки получить на основе морфина новые лекарственные средства с мощным обезболивающим действием, не вызывающие наркотической зависимости. Изменяя структуру молекулы морфина, ученые получили несколько фармакологически активных веществ, среди которых был и дезоморфин. Дезоморфин имеет более быстрое и сильное анальгетическое действие по сравнению с морфином, но действие препарата длится всего 2-4 часа. Зато гораздо быстрее возникает наркотическая зависимость. В связи с этим дезоморфин не нашел практического применения как анальгетик. Действие дезоморфина очень быстрое, но кратковременное. Дезоморфин («крокодил») - наркотик страшный и быстрый. «Соскочить» без серьезных последствий практически невозможно. Не успевают. Необратимые изменения происходят уже в первый месяц. У потребителей полностью разлагаются мягкие ткани и умирают они в страшных муках. Средний срок потребления 1,5-2 года.

Справка 2.

Российская наркологическая служба, не справляется с поставленными перед ней задачами. Старая организационная калька в новых условиях не только не работает, но дает негативный результат. Все попытки реанимировать старую организационную систему изнутри за счет внедрения новых методов терапии, новых технологий реабилитации, новых лекарственных средств к успеху не привели, поскольку не срабатывали внутри старой и изжившей себя организационной структуры. Эффективность работы службы настолько низкая, что на всех наркологических конференциях последних лет говорят о «кризисе современной наркологии». И основными признаками этого кризиса являются высокая латентность наркологической патологии и низкие показатели эффективности оказываемых медицинских услуг (4-6 % ремиссий в течение года).

 

 

«Центр поддержки

гражданских инициатив

 

«Открытое общество»,

г. Екатеринбург, ул. Баумана, 2.

 

Контактный тел.

PENZA MEDICAL INSTITUTE

1. Make sure that you understand the following international words:

faculty, organize, professional, special, final, laboratory, lecture, seminar, consultation, institute, patient, doctor, diploma, conference, polyclinic, candidate, epidemiological.

 

2. mind the pronunciation of the following words:

· station, examination, foundation, information, specialization, injection

· infusion, supervision m i crob i ology, anal y tical, ph y sics, chemistr y, g y necology, h i stolog y, d i agnose,catheter i zation; Th eoretical, o ph thalmology, oph th almology, ph ysiology, ph ilosophy, ca th eterization, ph armacology; pain, hy g iene, langua g e, sur g ery, g ynecology, g et, inor g anic, g eneral, be g in, biolo g y.

3. Name and translate the nouns from which the following adjectives are formed: biological, medical, theoretical, clinical, practical, pharmaceutical, stomatological, colloidal, epidemiological.

 

4. Which subjects mentioned above have the same meaning as:

· The science of life and living things _________________________

· Medical care in pregnancy and child birth ___________________

· Study of the tissues of the body _________________

· Study of the normal functions of the body ____________________

· The science and practice of treating diseases, injuries by operations ___________

· Study of women’s diseases ____________________

· Study of cells which can only be seen under the microscope _______________

5. Find as many words close in meaning as possible:

· polyclinic, correct, disease, hospital, to obtain, theoretical.

· proper, to get, out-patient department, illness, pre-clinical, in-patient department, adequate.

 

6. Form the ordinal numerals:

one – _______ three – _______ five – _______

two – _______ four – _______ six – _______

7. Match the words in bold in the text with their Russian equivalents:

· интерн, молодой врач-стажер [´int ә;:n]

· врач общего профиля, практикующий врач [præk´ti∫nə]

· выпускник, закончивший вуз

· больничная палата

· перевязка

· субординатура (врачебная практика студентов 6-го курса)

· ординатура

· аспирантура

· диссертация [´θi:sis]

 

8. Answer the following questions (exercise 10 is certainly to give you a hand in it):

What do we call:

· a young doctor who is completing his training by acting as an assistant in a hospital?

· a long essay embodying the research of a candidate for a university degree?

· the medical practice for the sixth year students?

· a graduate who continues his studies and research at a university?

· one who has completed a course at any educational institution?

· a doctor who is best qualified to serve in all health-related matters?

9. Read the text: Penza Medical Institute

 

Так называемыедоклинические (теоретические) предметы¹ Аналитическая химия² (наука о методах определения хим. состава вещества) Коллоидная химия³ (раздел физ. химии, изучающий такие процессы и явления как адгезия, адсорбция, коагуляция)

Penza Medical Institute was founded in 1999 as a faculty of Penza State University. Today Penza Medical Institute is made up of 3 main faculties: the faculty of General Medicine, the Pharmaceutical faculty and the faculty of Stomatology. As in all Russian medical institutes, the course of studies is six years. During this period the students master the theoretical and practical medicine. They attend lectures and seminars, carry out laboratory tests, have their classes in a dissecting room, and get consultations from their teachers. At present 414 students study at the institute. There are 84 qualified teachers, professors and assistant professors on its staff. The academic year begins on September 1^st and is divided into 2 terms. At the end of each term the students have to pass a number of examinations.

During the first two years the students study the so-calledpre-clinicalsubjects¹, such as physics and chemistry. They study organic, inorganic, analytical ² physical, colloidal ³ and biological chemistry. The students also study human anatomy, physiology, histology, microbiology, Latin, a foreign language and philosophy. The main aim of the first stage of the medical training is to provide a broad and solid foundation for professional knowledge.

Beginning with the third year special clinical subjects are introduced - all branches of therapy, surgery, gynecology, obstetrics, hygiene, pharmacology, ophthalmology, infectious diseases and others. To get deep knowledge and to acquire practical skills the students have a lot of practical training.

Деонтология – этика о профессиональных и моральных обязанностях и правилах поведения врача по отношению к больному

At the end of the third year students have a six-week practical course. They perform the duties of nurses in the clinical wards. There they carry out medical procedures such as surgical dressings, catheterization, intravenous infusion, take patients to the X-ray department, give injections and so on. After their fourth year the students have another practical course lasting eight weeks, during which they act as doctors’ assistants at the therapeutical, surgical, and obstetrical and gynecology departments. They learn to examine the patients, to diagnose and to treat them from various diseases. They learn to prescribe medicine properly. Senior students also study deontology concerned with how and when to communicate information to patients. After the fifth year students take a six-week practical course in an out-patient department. So in five years the students gain the knowledge necessary for a general practitioner.

Specialization begins in the sixth year. During the sixth year students work in clinics, polyclinics, sanitary and epidemiological stations. They also attend lectures, seminars and clinical conferences.

At the end of the sixth sub-internship year students pass the final state examinations and receive their diploma. Then they have a further year internship. Interns work under direct supervision of experienced specialists in clinics and in major hospitals. Medical graduates can apply for the post-graduate course. During three years post-graduates prepare a thesis, defend it and obtain the degree of candidate of Medical Science.

Fill in the gaps with the verbs from the list:

carry out, attend, take, treat, get, perform, prepare, pass, act, apply for.

 

1. ______________lectures and seminars

2. ______________laboratory tests

3. ______________a number of examinations

4. ______________the patients from various diseases

5. ______________deep knowledge

6. ______________as doctor’s assistants

7. ______________the duties of nurses

8. ______________a six-week practical course

9. ______________the post-graduate course

10. ______________a thesis

 

15. Use phrases from Ex.14 and say one or two things students do:

1. … every day at the Institute

2. …at the end of each term

3. …in hospitals and out-patient departments

4. …at the end of the third year

5. …after the fourth year

6. …after the fifth year

16. Match these sentences halves:

1. At present 400 students	a) begins on September 1st and is divided into 2 terms.
2. Specialization	b) is made up of 3 main faculties…
3. During the first two years the students	c) can apply for the post-graduate course.
4. At the end of the sixth sub-internship year students	d) are introduced.
5. Senior students	e) is six years.
6. Today Penza Medical Institute	f) gain the knowledge necessary for a general practitioner.
7. So in five years the students	g) work under direct supervision of experienced specialists in clinics and hospitals.
8. Interns	h) study the so-called pre-clinical subjects…
9. The course of studies	I) begins in the sixth year.
10. Beginning with the third year special clinical subjects	j) study deontology concerned with how and when to communicate information to patients.
11. Medical graduates	k) study at the Institute.
12. The academic year	l) pass the final state examinations and receive their diploma.

 

17. Put the sentences from exercise 16 in the right order to make a story.

18. Give more information on the following:

a) During the whole course of studies medical students study the so-called pre-clinical and clinical subjects.

b) Besides theoretical knowledge a medical student must acquire a lot of practical skills.

c) The system of practical training includes specialization in the chosen field for the last two years (sub-internship and internship).

d) Medical graduates can apply for the post-graduate course.