Exercise 4. Transform the following Gerund constructions in­to clauses as given in the model.

Model: История открытия радиоактивности начинается с того, что Анри Бекерель сообщил о своем открытии лучей неизвестной природы.

The story of radioactivity begins with Henry Bequerel's having reported, his discovery of rays of unknown nature. - The story of radioactivity begins with the fact that Henry Bequerel reported his discovery of rays of unknown nature.

1) Mendeleev's having established, a periodic lair of nature has entered his name into the history book of the world science. 2) Success in science often results from the scientist's confining his attention to one problem for many years. 3) The results of the experiment depended upon his having applied the proper tech­nique. 4) The idea of scientist's being responsible for most ills of the present day situation is unfortunately quite popular. 5)A brain-storming session consists in everybody's proposing as many and as wild ideas as possible without being concerned as to whether they are workable. 6) Immediate recognition of a discove­ry depends largely on its being made at a proper moment. 7) Sci­ence is sometimes humorously defined as a practice of the scien­tist's satisfying his curiosity at the expense of the government.

Exercise 5. Change the tine clauses into the on/in/after + Gerund and the if-clauses into the with + Gerund.

1) You cannot present your paper to the conference if you do not check it carefully. 2) After we had arranged, everything for the experiment we started to work. 3) Many factors become impor­tant when we consider this problem. 4) The work will not be completed if we do not sum up the results. 5) We obtained the desi­red information when we were analysing our data. 6) After he had compared some numerical data he could readily obtain new parameters. 7) We cannot obtain the desired information if we do not conduct additional series of experiments. 8) Various approaches are possible when we solve this problem. 9) After they had chan­ged the experimental condition they repeated the experiment. 10)We shall not start the experiment if we do not get all the neces­sary equipment. 11) Several factors should be considered when we evaluate the experimental results. 12) We cannot make progress in our research if we do not take into account the results of other observers.