НЕЗАВИСИМЫЙ ПРИЧАСТНЫЙ ОБОРОТ

1. Независимый причастный оборот /НПО/ - это сочетание существительного без предлога или местоимения в именительном падеже с причастием в любом времени и залоге.

2. НПО выполняет в предложении функцию обстоятельства. НПО всегда выделяется запятой.

3. Если НПО расположен в начале предложения, а сказуемое употреблено в настоящем или прошедшем времени, то оборот перево­дится придаточным предложением времени с союзами когда, после того как, либо придаточным предложением причины с союзами так как, поскольку.

 

The patient being very weak, the operationwas postponed.

 

Так как больной был очень слаб, операция была отложена.

 

The last patient having been examined, the doctorwent to the laboratory.

 

После того как последний больной был осмотрен, врач пошел в ла­бораторию.

 

4. Если НПО находится в начале предложения, а сказуемое предложения употребляется в будущем времени, то оборот переводится придаточным предложением условия с союзом если.

 

Gastric ulcer being suspected, a light dietwill be needed.

 

Если подозревается язва желудка, будет необходима щадящая диета.

 

5. Если НПО находится в конце предложения, он переводится самостоятельным предложением с одним из сочинительных союзов /причем, в то время как, а, и/, иногда и без них.

 

Grippe is a highly communicable and rapidly spreading disease, all ages being liable to it.

Грипп - это очень заразное и быстро распространяющееся заболева­ние, причем все возрасты ему подвержены.

Упражнение 26. Найдите НПО, переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. The digestion being considerably impaired, the patient constantly complained of epigastric pain.

2. The patient being admitted to the hospital, the doctor on duty examined him in the reception room.

3. The patient having been admitted to the hospital, the generalized abdominal pain was controlled in three hours.

4. Generalized abdominal pain having increased, the doctor asked the nurse to give the patient another injection.

5. There being profuse external haemorrhage, the patient was immediately taken to the hospital.

 

 

Упражнение 27. Найдите НПО. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. In all cases the general treatment is necessary, the use of antibiotics being particularly helpful.

2. Liver function tests may be employed, the results depending on the stage of the disease.

3. The most striking epidemiological feature of the disease is its very strict location, all cases coming from one small area.

4. It is a disease induced by doctors, the agent being administered by an anaesthetist.

5. The test was done in small conical tubes, each containing 1000 target cells.

 

 

Упражнение 28. Найдите НПО. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. All patients having been divided into 2 groups, treatment was started.

2. The medicine having been given, the patient felt better.

3. The diagnosis of purulent gangrenous cholecystitis having been made, an emergency operation was performed.

4. The patient has been suffering from abdominal bleeding, it being severe and profuse.

5. The physical examination being carried out, tenderness in the left lover part of the abdomen was revealed.

6. There being generalized abdominal pain, the doctor is called in immediately.

7. The average age on admission of the patients was 48,4 years, the youngest being 36 years old.

8. Another injection having been given, the patient was still complaining of hepatic pain.

 

 

Упражнение 29. Составьте из двух предложений одно, употре­бив независимый причастный оборот.

Образец:The nurse made an injection.

The patient felt better.

The nurse having made an injection, the patient felt better.

 

1. The experiment was over. Its results were published.

2. The patient complained of the pains in the heart. The doctor directed him to ECG.

3. The child had a high temperature. An eruption covered his body.

4. This is a teaching hospital. Students are trained here.

 

 

Упражнение 30. Найдите в предложениях независимый причаст­ный оборот и переведите предложения.

 

1. Scarlet fever is mostly a disease of children, adults being affected rarely.

2. She has a severe form of measles, her temperature being over 4o°G.

3. An epidemic of grippe having occurred at the hospital, visitors were not admitted to the patients.

4. Measles being an infectious disease, the sick children must be isolated as soon as possible.

5. Penicillin having been discovered, the death toll from many infectious diseases began to fall.

6. There being no carriers of small pox in the world now, children are no longer vaccinated against small pox.

7. The flu being caused by different types of viruses, it is difficult to make a vaccine against it.

8. The professor made a round of the wards, his assistant accompanying him.

9. The patient felt bad, all analyzes being normal.

10. The patient temperature taken, the nurse recorded it in the temperature charts.