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Москва, 20 апреля 2005 г., N 0623
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1. Формула времен группы Continuous – to be + ing-form. Если глагол to be в этой формуле поставить в Perfect – to have been, то получится формула группы Perfect Continuous: to have been + ing-form.
2. Если в этой формуле вспомогательный глагол to haveупотреблен в Present, то такое время называется Present Perfect Continuous: They have been working for two hours. Если он употреблен в Past, то время называется Past Perfect Continuous: They had been working for two hours when you came.
П р и м е ч а н и е. Время Future Perfect Continuous в анлийском языке употребляется очень редко:
| Wehave been working for two hours when our friends jons us. | Мы будем работать уже два часа, когда наши друзья присоединятся к нам. |
3. Глагол в Perfect Continuous показывает длительное действие, которое началось в п р о ш л о м или ранее другого действия и продолжается в о п р е д е л е н н ы й момент настоящего, прошедшего или будущего времени, охватывая о п р е д е л е н н ы й отрезок времени.
4. Глаголы во временах группы Perfect Continuous переводятся на русский язык настоящим, прошедшим или будущим временем, часто с наречием уже.
ВИДОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ФОРМЫ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ГЛАГОЛА
В ДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНОМ ЗАЛОГЕ (ACTIVE)
Таблица 9
| Indefinite (Simple) to ask to write | Continuous to be asking to be writing | Perfect to have asked to have written | Perfect-Continuous to have been asking to have been writing | |
| Present | I (you, we, they) ask, write. He (she, it) asks, writes. Do you ask, write? Does he ask, write? I don’t ask, write. He doesn’t ask, write. I usually translate from German into Russian. | I am asking, writing. You (they, we) are asking, writing. He (she, it) is asking, writing. Am I (are you, is he) asking, writing? I am not (you aren’t, he isn’t) asking, writing. Are you translating a text? | I (we, you, they) have asked, written. He (she, it) has asked, written. Have you (has he) asked, written? I haven’t (he hasn’t) asked, written. Has he translated this article already? | I (we, you, they) have been asking, writing. He (she, it) has been asking, writing. Have you (hashe) been asking, writing? I haven’t (he hasn’t) been asking, writing. She has been translating the text for two hours now. |
| Past | I (you, we, they, he, she, it) asked I (you, we, they, he, she, it) wrote Did you ask, write? I did not (didn’t) ask, write. We often translated from English into Russian at school. | I (he, she, it) was asking, writing. You (we, they) were asking, writing. Was he (were you) asking, writing? She wasn’t(they weren’t) asking, writing. We were translating an exercise when they came. | I (you, we, they, he, she, it) had asked, written. Had he asked, written? They hadn’t asked, written. We had translated the text before the teacher came. | I (you, we, they, he, she, it) had been asking, writing. Had he been asking, writing? They hadn’t been asking, writing. She had been translating this article for an hour when I came. |
| Future | I (we) shall ask, write. You (they, he, she, it) will ask, write. Shall we ask, write? Willyou ask, write? I shall not ask, write. They will not ask, write. He will translate the article tomorrow. | I (we) shall be asking, writing. You (they, he, she, it) will be asking, writing. Shall we (will you) be asking, writing? I shall not be asking, writing. They will not be asking, writing. I’ll be busy tomorrow at seven: I’ll be translating the economic articles. | I (we) shall have asked, written. You (they, he, she, it) will have asked, written. Shall we (willyou) have asked, written? I shall not have asked, written. They will not have asked, written. Will you have translated the article by tomorrow morning? | I (we) shall have been asking, writing. You (they, he, she, it) will have been asking, writing. Shall we (will you) have been asking, writing? I shall (they will) not have been asking, writing. Next month she will have been translating this book for a year. |
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