Шляхи переборення професійної деформації.

Дата добавления: 2015-09-15; просмотров: 817

E.g. Jeremy knew how to use a computer when he was a little boy.

- Jeremy could use a computer when he was a little boy.

a) Could & be able to

1. At last the MPs succeeded in drafting a law that satisfied everybody.

2. Our firm was so successful and reliable that it was hardly possible for us to believe that an inquiry into our activities had been launched.

3. Ms Stewart’s case seemed hopeless but her lawyer managed to get her off the hook because he had found a witness who agreed to testify in her favour.

4. The police succeeded in tracking down drug traffickers because they used up-to-date surveillance equipment.

5. It was hardly possible for the authorities to render anybody responsible for the power failure in the city since it was caused by a heavy snow storm.

6. Though the girl had spent two months at the rehabilitation center, it was impossible for her to keep off drugs.

7. The man was a swindler, and he was so talented that it was easy for him to give himself out for anybody.

8. You shouldn’t be too proud of yourself. You succeeded in persuading Mike only because he was ready to give in.

9. I think you underestimate Alex. He copes with quite complicated tasks and has known how to tackle such problems since I’ve known him.

10. I’d like to be in a position to set the situation straight. Unfortunately, it’s beyond me altogether.

b) Can’t & mustn’t

1. Jack isn’t allowed to leave the country. He is on probation for a hit-and-run accident.

2. I don’t think you should leave the country now. The situation is very unstable. Who knows what might happen?

3. It is impossible for us to disclose any information of this kind. If we do, and our stockbrokers use it, it’ll be insider trading.

4. Being a witness, you aren’t allowed to conceal information. If you do, you’ll be charged with obstruction of justice.

5. The police have no right to intimidate suspects.

6. Don’t intimidate the child even if he is quite naughty. If you do, he’ll come to hate you.

7. I insist that you shouldn’t disclose this information now, or you’ll give the game away.

8. Don’t even think of presenting fake evidence in court. You’ll be charged with fraud.

c) Must & have to

1. We find it necessary to launch an inquiry into this matter before the situation has come out of control.

2. Some unpleasant incident has occurred and now we are forced to launch an inquiry into it.

3. Jane may get into trouble if she does something rash. I feel it is necessary for her to think twice before she takes any steps.

4. I strongly advise you to release figures on the latest developments in the currency exchange rates now, or there will be no point in publishing the data at all.

5. The situation on the stock market is very unstable now and they are obliged to release figures on exchange rates every hour.

6. Nobody is going to do Larry any favours or promote him. It is necessary for him to work his way up.

7. Jack doesn’t have rich parents, who could set him up in business. He is forced to work his way up.

8. Our partners have failed us, and now we are obliged to work round the clock to set things straight.

9. You can’t expect your partners to agree to all your conditions. It is necessary for you to meet them halfway.

10. If you don’t seek a compromise, your partners will terminate the agreement. You are obliged to meet them halfway.

d) Mustn’t & don’t have to

1. The situation isn’t as urgent as you think. It isn’t necessary for you to tackle all the problems right away.

2. The situation demands careful consideration. I insist you shouldn’t act on impulse.

3. It isn’t necessary for you to go to the limit and work round the clock. The situation will soon get back to normal all by itself.

4. I strongly advise you not to go to the limit and work round the clock. Such strain is sure to ruin your health.

5. The doctor insists that Lester shouldn’t take tranquilizers every day. Otherwise he’ll develop a certain dependency on them.

6. It isn’t necessary for Lester to take tranquilizers every day. He can easily do without them.

7. There has been a three-fold increase in the company’s debt. It is essential that the management shouldn’t underestimate the danger of bankruptcy.

8. I don’t think we should consider every flaw in the scheme now. The company which worked it out is quite reliable, and if there are any miscalculations, they can be corrected later.

9. The central government isn’t obliged to resettle refugees. More often than not, it is done by local authorities.

10. Don’t see your bankruptcy as inevitable. If you don’t complicate matters by stupid mistakes, you’ll get over the hard times.

e) Didn’t have to & needn’t have done

1. You wasted your time and effort dwelling on such a wide range of political issues. Nobody was really interested in them.

2. I saw that nobody was really interested in such a wide range of political issues, so it wasn’t necessary for me to dwell on them.

3. Why did you spend so much time persuading them to pull the plug on the project? It was obvious they were ready to take the necessary measures.

4. I wonder why Mr McCarthy made such a generous contribution to the scheme. There were quite a lot of other people who were ready to help.

5. It wasn’t necessary for you to go into detail explaining things to Gerald. It was clear from the start that he had got the message.

6. It was clear that Gerald had got the message and it wasn’t necessary for me to explain things to him.

7. What was the use of interfering? You had no say in that matter.

8. The project was closed down when it was still in the planning stage. Everybody was happy that it wasn’t necessary to follow through with it.

9. The ecological situation in the area started to improve and it wasn’t necessary for the authorities to impose restrictions on fishing.

10. The drought in the country came to an end and it wasn’t necessary for the government to rely on foreign aid for food supplies.

11. Why did you worry so? It was evident that Lester wouldn’t go back on his word.

12. Why did you take the trouble to specify the provisions of your agreement? It was obvious that your partners were reluctant to sign it. It was a waste of time and effort.

f) Have to do (must) & be to do

1. According to the agreement reached during the talks the states are supposed to ratify the treaty in the near future.

2. To promote stability in the area the country is obliged to ratify the treaty even though it doesn’t serve its interests to the full.

3. The long expected conservation law has been drafted. It is expected to come into force the moment it is approved by the Senate.

4. The ecological situation in the country is deteriorating. It is absolutely vital for the state to adopt appropriate conservation laws.

5. It is vital to implement the programme as soon as possible. It has been arranged that the issue will be on the agenda of the next session of Parliament.

6. It is planned that the authorities will impose restrictions on large-scale fishing in the area in two months.

7. The authorities are obliged to impose restrictions on large-scale fishing in the area. Otherwise many valuable fish species will be extinct.

8. The committee is expected to present economic justification for the project on May 15.

9. The president of the company considers it his duty to make sure that the project is economically viable.

10. It has been decided that major corporations will make contributions to the local budget so that more money is allocated to fighting poaching.

g) Was to do & was to have done

1. According to the preliminary agreement the company was supposed to present a coherent programme of business development. However, it wasn’t done.

2. All employees had to work overtime because the company was supposed to present a programme of business development in two days.

3. All journalists were eager to attend the conference because the Prime-Minister was expected to make an important statement.

4. The Prime-Minister was expected to make an important statement at the press-conference, but for some reason it was canceled.

5. It was planned that the government would lift restrictions on dumping radioactive waste. Fortunately, the decision was reconsidered.

6. Because of a suspected case of SARS the authorities were expected to impose a quarantine on the city. Fortunately, it was a false alarm.