PREPARATIONS

The uptakes should be checked; any dampers should be operated and then correctly positioned All vents, alarm, water and pressure gauge connections should be opened The superheater circulating valve or drains should be opened. All the other boiler drains and blow-down valves should be checked. The boiler should then be filled to slightly below the working level with hot de-aerated water. The various header vents should be closed. The economiser should be checked. The operation of the forced draught fan should be checked and exhaust gas air heaters if any should be bypassed.The fuel oil system should be checked for correct positioning of valves. The fael oil should then be circulated and heated,

RAISING STEAM

The forced draught fan should be started and air passed through the furnace for several minutes. The air slides (checks) at every register except " the lighting up" burner should then be closed. The operating burner should then be tit and adjusted. The fuel oil pressure and forced draught pressure should be matched. The superheater header vents may be closed once steam issues from them. When the drum pressure is about 210 К Pa (2: 1 bar) the drum air vent may be closed. The boiler must be brought slowly up to the working pressure. The main and auxiliary steam lines should now be wanned through and then the drains closed. The water level gauges should be blown through and checked for correct reading. When the steam pressure is about 300 k Pa (3 bar) below the normal operating value the safety valves should be lifted and released using the easing gear.

Once at operating pressure the boiler may be put on load and the superheater circulating valves closed. All other vents, drains and bypasses should then be closed. The water

level in the boiler should be carefully checked and the automatic water regulating arrangements observed for correct operation. (2300)

TEXT 5

IRREGULARITIES IN OPERATION, CAUSES AND REMEDIES

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

faulty	- неисправный
penetration	- проникновение
cutoff valve	- запорный (отсечный) клапан
valve disc	- тарелка клапана
to shut down	- выключить.остановить
to light	- зажигать
sediment,	- осадок, отстой, отложение

 

TEXT

SYMPTOM	CAUSE	REMEDY
The water level in the boiler is rising	1.Faulty automatic water regulating arrangement.	1.Repair the automatic water regulating arrangement or change to manual control of the water level.
	2.Penetration of solid particles under the water level regulator valve.	2. Shut off the cutoff feed valve, dismantle the water level regulator, remove the particles from the valve seat and the disc.
Loss of water level 1. Faulty automatic water level regulator.	1.Repair the regulator or change to manual control of the water level.	Loss of water level 1. Faulty automatic water level regulator.
	2.The blow down valves are not tight enough.	2. Shut down the boiler, let it cool, drain the boiler, repair or replace the valve.
	3.The boiler tubes and manifolds are not tight.	3. Shut down the boiler for repairs.
	4.Faulty feed pump.	4. Eliminate the fault and put the spare pump in operation.
Safety valve is 1. Steam pressure in the closed boiler is rising.	1 Lower the steam pressure to the required level.	Safety valve is 1. Steam pressure in the closed boiler is rising.
	2.Faulty safety valve.	2. Shut down the boiler, repair or replace the safety valve.
	3.Wrong adjustment of the safety valve.	3. Adjust the safety valve to the required pressure.
The boiler won't light.	1.There is some water in the fuel.	1.Drain the sediment out of the fuel tank.
	2. Faulty oil - burning arrangement.	2, Repair or replace the oil-burning arrangement
Boiler automatic operation program is effected wrongly	Faulty automatic system	Eliminate the fault or change to manual control