Упражнение 1. Замените сложно-подчиненные предложения на простые, используя оборот “сложное подлежащее с инфинитивом”.

О б р а з е ц: It is said that he is a good student.

He is said to be a good student.

1. It is known that they will arrive tomorrow.

2. It is expected that the conference will take place in Kiev.

3. It is hoped that the new edition of this book will be of no less interest to the reader.

4. It will be noticed that these poems are of quite a different character.

5. It has been shown in the above examples that the sense of the sentence often depends on the order of words.

6. It is sometimes said that the Nile is-longer than all -the rivers in the eastern and western hemispheres.

7. It will be seen from the following tables that the sounds do not coincide in quality.

8. It was thought useful to apply this method here.

9. It has been estimated that the volume contained 220 pages.

10 It is known that dreams reflect our waking life.

11 It was thought that human soul left the body during sleep and travelled about, visiting other people in their dreams.

12. It is supposed that higher animals are capable of dreaming.

13. In early societies it was believed that prophets could foretell the future.

 

Упражнение 2. Найдите в предложениях оборот “сложное подлежащее с инфинитивом”. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The President is believed to be in London now. 2. She is supposed to be an experienced secretary. 3. The computer is expected to save the scientists a lot of time. 4. The material loss (материальный ущерб) was estimated to be more than 1 mln dollars. 5. This discovery is considered to be the result of a long and thorough investigation. 6. These phenomena are believed to be interdependent. 7. The expedition is reported to be moving north. 8. This man is said to be a good psychologist. 9. The talks are reported to be in progress. 10. The head of the expedition was held responsible for the accident. 11. Leonardo da Vinci is considered to be a pioneer in physiology and botany. 12. The Earth is said to have been part of the Sun. 13. The delegation is reported to have arrived in the capital already. 14. Moral perfection is considered to be one of the ideals of mankind. 15. Leonardo da Vinci is known to have studied optics. 16. His painting and sculpture are supposed to have opened up new fields of enquiry. 17. He is known to have studied the structure of the bones and muscles of the human body.

 

Упражнение 3. Преобразуйте следующие предложения, употребив “сложное подлежащее с инфинитивом”. Используйте глаголы, данные в скобках.

О б р а з е ц: History repeats itself. – History is known to repeat itself.

1. Leonardo da Vinci discovered and laid down immortal principles in the theory of art (to know). 2. Leonardo da Vinci designed the first parachute (to suppose). 3. Leonardo denied himself meat (отказывал себе в мясной пище) out of an aversion to the killing of animals (to say). 4. Applied science will produce a vast increase in entirely new synthetic products of all kinds (to expect). 5. Rapid expansion of industrialization leads to an exhaustion of natural resources (to believe). 6. Close cooperation between scientists and scientific institutions all over the world is one of the most striking characteristics of modern science (to consider). 7. Charles Spencer Chaplin made more people laugh than any other human being in the history of the world (to know).

 

Упражнение 4. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на сочетания глаголов to seem, to appear, to prove и выражения to be likely, to be certain, to be sure с инфинитивом.

a) 1. He seems to be the best person for the job. 2. The discussion proved to be too long. 3. They seem not to approve of our plan. 4. They appear to be very interested in their work. 5. At first everyone thought he was lazy, but he turned out to be a hard worker. 6. Their estimation seems to be correct. 7. His results proved to be valuable. 8. Occasionally, we all have days in which nothing seems to go right. 9. During his speech the audience appeared to be solemn.

b) О б р а з е ц: She seems to be learning a lot of things now. — Она, по-видимому, сейчас многому учится (многое узнает). She seems to have learned a lot of things recently.— Она, видимо, много узнала за последнее время

1. The administration seems to have changed their attitude to the scheme. 2. Science seems to be playing a major part in politics now. 3. Applied science appears to have produced a vast increase in new synthetic products. 4. The speaker appeared to be losing patience. 5. These ideas seem to be gaining popularity. 6. The new teacher training scheme seems to be based on entirely different grounds. 7. The standards of living in this small country appear to have been raised.