ИСЧИСЛЯЕМЫЕ И НЕИСЧИСЛЯЕМЫЕ СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ

 

Исчисляемые существительные	Неисчисляемые существительные
a chair/chairs There is a chair in the class room. There are some chairs in the classroom.	furniture There is some furniture in the classroom. NB!There are two pieces of furniture.
a lot of (+) много There are a lot of colleges in Oxford University. many (+, -,?) много There are many colleges in Oxford University. (informal) There are not many colleges in our University. Are there many sights in your native town? too many(+) слишком много There are too many students here during the term. few-мало I am not going to stay at this hostel because there are few sport facilities there.   a few-немного, несколько I like this hostel because there are a few sport facilities there.	a lot of (+) много There is a lot of modern music in the streets of the University Campus. much(+, -,?) много There is much modern music in the streets of the University Campus.(informal) There is not much sunshine in the North. Is there much information about the new courses in this syllabus? too much(+) слишком много There is too much traffic in New York. little -мало Can you lend me some money? – I’m afraid not, I have little money with me. a little-немного Can you lend me some money? – Sure, I have got a little money with me.

 

Упражнение 31

Выберите правильный вариант ответа.

1. Only ____ students are A- students.

a) many b) a few c) little

2. _____ of students were participants of the mobility programme.

a) a lot b) much c) many

3. The committee is going to choose only _____ of us.

a) a few b) little c) few

4. His CV had too _____ personal information.

a) few b) much c) many

5. Studying abroad takes _____ money.

a) a few b) many c) much

6. Have you got _____ courses this term?

a) many b) a lot of c) much

7. Have you got _____free time this week?

a) a lot of b) many c) much

8. My tutor is ready to give me _____ advice.

a) many b) much c) few

9. There was not _____ light in the classroom.

a) many b) much c) a lot of

10. I had _____ knowledge on that subject.

a) few b) a few c) little

 

Упражнение 32

a little

a lot of

Проанализируйте предыдущую таблицу и заполните пропущенные графы схемы.

 

 

		no

 

Упражнение 33

Выберите правильный вариант ответа.

1.Only _____ live in Antarctica.

a) many b) a few c) little

2.Waiters work too ______ hours a day in high season.

a) little b) much c) many

3.How _____ luggage have you got?

a) much b) a lot of c) many

4.I have spent _____ money on this tour.

a) few b) many c) much

5. There isn’t ______ milk in the bottle.

а) many b) much c) a lot of

6. There were ______ people in the street.

a) much b) a lot of c) many

7. We’ve got _______time.

a) little b) a few c) many

8. He hasn’t got ________ money.

a) few b) much c) a lot of

9. She has got ________ patience with children.

a) little b) few c) a few

10. There is too ______ sugar in my tea.

a) a lot of b) few c) much

 

Упражнение 34

Переведите слова, стоящие в скобках.

1. There are (мало) holidaymakers in the streets of Prague in the off-season.

2. I hate travelling by train. It takes so (много) time!

3. There are not (много) cans of beer and there are only (несколько) cartons of orange juice in the

room fridge.

4. I’ve got a terrible stomachache today. I had (немного) of a local fruit.

5. A day or two of delay wouldn’t make (много) difference really.

6. How (много) does your car sit?

7. I’ve got (мало) luggage with me. I like to travel light.

8. Are you prepared to spend (много) money on a good hotel?

9. You eat (слишком много) cheese. Why don’t you eat cereals for breakfast?

10. They were in China (несколько) years ago.

 

Упражнение 36

Выберите правильную форму глагола.

1. Logics ____ my major.

2. There ____ a lot of advice for overseas students in this booklet.

3. This information _____ useful for foreigners.

4. Much money _____ necessary if you want to study in famous Universities.

5. No news ___ good news!

6. There ___no bad weather, there ____ bad clothes.

7. Bad news ____ fast feet.

8. How much furniture ____ there in the dean’s office?

Упражнение 37

Переведите с русского языка на английский язык.

1. В лекционном зале было мало мебели, только стулья и столы.

2. У моего наставника (tutor) было два хороших совета для меня.

3. Эта новость была шокирующей для него.

4. Все её деньги были на столе.

5. Время - деньги.

6. Англичане говорят, что нет плохой погоды, а есть плохая одежда.

7. Статистика - важная дисциплина.

8. У него много опыта по написанию резюме.

9. Необходимо много знаний, чтобы быть профессионалом.

10. У неё будет мало свободного времени в этом семестре.

 

АРТИКЛЬ (The article)

 

НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЙ АРТИКЛЬ	ОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЙ АРТИКЛЬ	НУЛЕВОЙ АРТИКЛЬ
· перед исчисляемыми существительными в ед. числе There is a University in our city.	· перед исчисляемыми существительными в ед. и мн. числе The University is well-known all over the world.	· перед исчисляемыми и неисчисляемыми существительными в ед. и мн. числе Mathematics is my favorite subject. I hate apples but I love pears.
· предмет неизвест-ен, упоминается впервые There is a bookon the table. · при описании предмета (словосочета-ние с прилагательным) Now they have a bigapartment. · подразумевается любой предмет из числа себе подобных (профес-сия, гражданство и т.д.) I’m a lawyer. He is a Spaniard.	· предмет известен и на него ссылаются The bookis very thick.   · при описании предмета с помощью уточняющего определения The apartment they had was very small. · подразумевается весь тип, род или класс подобных предметов The Spanish are very hot tempered people.	· при обобщении   I enjoy reading historical books. · слова, обозначающие абстрактные понятия I think everyone has love for travelling. · слова, обознача-ющие средства передви-жения by boat/plane/car/taxi/ tram/land/sea/air - Did you come by car? -No, by train. · со словами breakfast, lunch, dinner Am I too late for dinner? · слова, обознача-ющие времена года, месяцы и дни недели I was born in winter in February. Friday is my favourite day. · имена собственные (люди, континенты, стра-ны, города и деревни, ули-цы, площади, озера, горные вершины, одиночные ост-рова) Peter Brown comes from Cape town. · названия видов спорта в сочетании с глаголом to play Peter likes playing golf.

 

Упражнение 38

Заполните таблицу употребления артиклей, поставив плюс и минус где необходимо.

	a/an	the	-
Исчисляемые существительные в ед. числе
Исчисляемые существительные во мн. числе
Неисчисляемые существительные

 

Упражнение 39

Заполните данную таблицу, используя свои примеры

Category	Takes the	Does not take the	Examples
Continents
Countries
Countries with plural element			The West Indies, the USA, the Netherlands
Geographical areas
Lakes & mountains
Mountain ranges
Cities & towns
Rivers, seas, oceans, canals
Streets, parks
Theatres, cinemas, hotels, museums
Only one of its type exists (e.g. the sun)
Superlatives; 1-st, 2-nd,etc
Musical Instruments
Sport

 

Упражнение 40

Сверьте свои ответы с приведенными примерами и объясните употребление артикля.

1. The Wes t must be rather a nice place to live, from what I’ve heard.

2. I know London lies on the Thames but I’m not sure which river Oxford is on.

3. Have you ever crossed the Equator?

4. That was undoubtedly the worst meal I’ve ever had.

5. I wouldn’t go to Oxford Street on Saturday if I were you. It’s far too crowded.

6. I didn’t know Nick played the accordion.

7. Apparently, she spent her childhood in Africa.

8. Newcastle ’s in the north-west of England.

9. I’ve flown over the Himalayas and I actually saw Everest sticking out above the clouds.

10. How long have you been playing badminton?

11. I’ve never been to Hyde Park but I’ve been told it’s worth a visit.

12. You could spend days in the British Museum and still not see everything.

13. I was in the Far East in 1975 and I’ve been wanting to go back ever since.

 

Упражнение 41

Вставьте пропущенные артикли.

I saw (1) _____ marvelous film yesterday. It’s about (2) _____ poor fisherman who’s in love with (3) ____ beautiful girl. She laughs at him when he asks her to marry him but (4) ____ young man doesn’t give up hope. One night there’s (5) _____ terrible storm. All (6) _____ fishing – boats have come home safely, except one. (7) ____ missing boat belongs to (8) ____ girl’s brother. She begs (9) _____ poor fisherman to brave (10) ____ huge waves to try and save her brother, and when he returns with (11) ___ boy, safe and sound, (12)___ girl is so grateful that she agrees to marry him. There is (13) ____ big wedding party, and all (14) ____ villagers join in (15) ___ celebrations. What (16) ____ happy ending!

 

Упражнение 42

Вставьте артикли, где необходимо.

1. Salem doesn’t like _____ talkative people.

2. It’s true that _____ rich lead a different life from ____ poor.

3. Helmut lives in ____ Canada near ____ Lake Ontario.

4. The explorer crossed ____ Pacific Ocean in a canoe.

5. She has been playing _____ flute for ten years.

6. For breakfast we usually have ____ coffee and toast.

7. What time do you start _____ work in the morning?

8. Eileen hopes to go to _____ University next year.

9. We went on a cruise down ____ Nile and saw ____ Pyramids.

10. Sarah thinks ____ life is more difficult in a foreign country.

11. The judge sentences the pickpocket to six months in ____ prison.

12. I’ve noticed that ____ Spanish eat a lot of vegetables.

 

Упражнение 43

Переведите с русского языка на английский язык.

1. Оксфорд - самый старый Университет Англии.

2. Один из самых интересных музеев Лондона - Британский музей.

3. Бен –Невис (Ben Nevis) - самая высокая гора Великобритании.

4. Вестминстерское аббатство - место коронации английских монархов (the coronation of

English monarchs).

5. Cити - деловой центр города, самая старая часть Лондона.

6. Гайд парк – самый известный парк Лондона.

7. Вашингтон расположен на берегу реки Потомак.

8. Резиденция Премьер Министра Великобритании расположена в Лондоне на Даунинг

стрит,10.

9. Шотландцы (the Scotsmen) играют на волынках (bagpipe).

10. Озеро Лох-Несс (Loch Ness) расположено в Шотландии.