Read the text and decide whether these statements are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
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Консультация 1чел Ведущий 3 чел Диджей 2 чел Артисты (Аурум Шоу) 6 чел Фотограф 8 чел Оформление свадьбы 5 чел
· Что бы Вы хотели услышать или обсудить на другом мастер-классе: Образ подружек невесты 1 чел Углубиться в тематику 2 чел Пошаговый сценарий 1 чел Свадебное видео 1 чел Свадебные фишки 1 чел Стилист (визаж + прическа) 1 чел Оформление свадьбы 2 чел Платье невесты 1 чел Выездная регистрация 1 чел
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Read the text and decide whether these statements are true or false. If they are false, correct them.
General Provisions Regarding Foreign Investments. The Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, and other legislation on joint stock and limited liability companies and their insolvency provide the general legal framework for trade and investment in Russia. Foreign investments are regulated by the Federal Law On Foreign Investments in the Russian Federation. However, the Law on Foreign Investments does not apply to the investment of foreign capital in banks, credit organizations, insurance companies or non-commercial organizations; foreign investments in such entities are regulated under different Russian legislation. The Law on Foreign Investments guarantees foreign investors the right to invest and to receive revenues and profitsfrom such investments, and sets forth the terms for foreign investors’ business activity on the territory of the Russian Federation. The objective of the Law on Foreign Investments is to attract foreign materials, financial resources, and technology and management skills to improve the Russian economy, while providing stability for foreign investors. The Law on Foreign Investments stipulates that foreign investors and investments must be treated no less favorably than domestic investments, with some exceptions. Such exceptions may be introduced to protect the Russian constitutional system, the morality, health and rights of persons, or in order to ensure state security and defense. The Law on Foreign Investments permits foreign investment in most sectors of the Russian economy: portfolios of government securities, stocks and bonds, direct investment in new businesses, the acquisition of existing Russian-owned enterprises, joint ventures, etc. Foreign investors are protected against nationalization or expropriation unless such action is mandated by a federal law. In such cases, foreign investors are entitled to receive compensation for any investment and other losses. One of the most important features of the Law on Foreign Investments is the tax stabilization clause set forth in Article 9. Under Article 9.1, the Law’s tax stabilization clause applies to i) foreign investors that are implementing “priority investment projects”, ii) Russian companies with more than 25% foreign equity ownership, or iii) Russian companies with some foreign participation that are implementing “priority investment projects.” A priority investment project is defined as a project with foreign investment of at least one billion rubles (about USD 33 million at current exchange rates), or where a foreign investor has purchased an equity interest of at least 100 million rubles (about USD 3.3 million at current exchange rates); in either case, the investment project must also be included in a list of projects approved by the Russian Government. Special Economic Zones In 2005, the Federal Law On Special Economic Zones in the Russian Federation was passed, which introduced new methods for the provision of investment benefits. Under the Law on Special Economic Zones, a special economic zone (“SEZ”) is a territory in Russia selected by the government on a tender basis from proposals submitted by regional authorities. The following types of special economic zones can be established in the Russian Federation: industrial and production special economic zones; engineering technical-implementation economic zones; touristic and recreational special economic zones; port special economic zones.
A special preferential regime for conducting business activities is to be provided for 20 years to encourage development of high technology industrial areas and health and recreational resorts, and for 49 years to develop transport infrastructure (international cargo sea and river ports and airports). The Federal SEZ Management Agency was created by the Russian Government within the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade. Russian legal entities interested in participating in a SEZ (note – benefits apply to foreign investors only upon the creation of a Russian subsidiary) should obtain the status of a SEZ resident by entering into an agreement on technology implementation activities with a SEZ Administration. The application should be supported by a business plan. A Special SEZ Expert Council decides on whether the applicant qualifies to be a SEZ resident based on a score evaluation system, taking into account the prior expertise of the applicant (or the founder of the applicant) in the selected industry, calculation of the investment recoupment period, the markets for the developed products, competition and other business risk analysis, intellectual property rights issues, etc. Residents of SEZs will be provided with the major tax benefits e.g. exemption from Corporate Property Tax, Transport Tax and Land Tax (the latter applicable only to the owners of land plots) for the first five years after a property is acquired; Regional Legislation In addition to reviewing the applicable federal legislation prior to investing in a region, potential investors should also examine regional laws. One of the most distinctive features of the investment climate in Russia has been the competition among various regions of Russia in attracting investment, both foreign and Russian. Striving to attract as many investors as possible to their respective territories, and thus improve the social and economic conditions of their regions, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have passed a large number of laws, regulations, and other legal measures to encourage and regulate investment. The laws and regulations passed by regions establish legal frameworks for investment activities in the respective constituent entities, and envisage a number of incentives for investors, in particular: financial support for investors, provided within limits established by regional budgets; tax incentives, including reduced tax rates and investments tax credits; various forms of organizational and informational support. Creation of Special Economic Zones in the Russian Federation may become a new means of attracting investors. The regulatory framework for such territories has already been established at both federal and regional levels. Within such framework, laws providing for tax incentives for residents of Special Economic Zones have already been adopted in the Lipetsk, Moscow, Kaliningrad, Magadan, and Tomsk Oblasts (regions), in the Republic of Tatarstan, and in St. Petersburg. Legal vocabulary Read the following extract from the article Restrictions Associated with Particular National Importance of Certain Strategic Activities. Choose the best word to fill each gap A, B, C below. The Law on Foreign Investments … restrictive exemptions for foreign investors and groups of persons, including a foreign investor with the share in the charter capital of business entities of strategic importance to national defense and national security, and (or) the transactions that … tocontrol over the strategic companies. The companies … to be strategic in case they carry out business in one or more areas specified in Article 6 of the Law on Restrictions of Foreign Investments. …, the following types of activities are included into the list: · activities … to nuclear materials and radioactive technology; · activities associated with the manufacture, distribution and maintenance of encryption (cryptographic) facilities, as well as the provision of services for data encryption; · activities associated with weapons, military equipment and ammunition; · space activities etc.
The total number of specific activities is 43. Transactions, … in the establishment of control over strategic companies by the foreign investors are … only upon resolution on preliminary approval of such transactions by the Government Commission for Control of Foreign Investment in the Russian Federation.
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