КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА. 1. Переведите письменно текст.

 

1. Переведите письменно текст.

 

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT

The central processing unit (CPU) or central processor is the nerve center of any digital computer system, since it coordinates and controls the activities of all the other units and performs all the arithmetic and logic processes to be applied to data. All program instructions to be executed must be held within the CPU, and all the data to be processed must be loaded first into this unit.

It is convenient to consider the central processor to have three separate hardware sections: an internal or main memory, an arithmetic and logic unit, and a control unit.

The CPU has two functions: it must (1) obtain instructions from the memory and interpret them, as well as perform the actual operations. The first function is executed by the control unit. Here we can separate the part of the control unit that interprets the instruction called the instruction decoder from the part that generates the control signals called the control generator.

An instruction having been transmitted to the instruction decoder, where it is interpreted, the control generator senses this interpretation and then produces signals that tell the arithmetic unit which operation to perform.

The second function of the CPU is performed by the arithmetic and logic unit which does the actual operations. This unit is capable of performing automatically different mathematical and logical operations.

For the electronic engineer to understand the work of the CPU is quite necessary.

 

 

2. Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы к тексту:

1. What is the general purpose of the control unit?

2. How many parts is the control unit composed of? What are they?

3. What is the arithmetic and logic unit?

 

 

3. Перепишите предложения, определите функции инфинитива, переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец 1):

1. These methods are to be described in the next chapter.

2. The methods to be described are used in our laboratory.

3. These methods are too complex to be described by students.

 

 

4. Укажите, какой инфинитивный оборот (субъектный инфинитивный оборот или объектный инфинитивный оборот) употреблён в данных предложениях. Переведите предложения:

1. Computers today are said to become much easier to use and understand.

2. We want them to receive this information as soon as possible.

3. I have never heard anyone give so much interesting information in one report.

4. He is likely to be a great expert in computer technology.

 

 

5. Перепишите предложения, определите функции причастия I и II, переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец 2):

1. The growing importance of automatic equipment in industry is known to everybody.

2. After Hertz had published his experiments proving the existence of electromagnetic waves, A. Popov used these waves to transmit signals.

3. Using the most modern equipment scientists are studying the atmosphere.

 

 

6. Перепишите предложения, определите функции герундия, переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец 3 ):

1. In testing the devices they found some serious faults.

2. Testing the device is very important for our experiment.

3. Soviet physicists saw in semiconductors the way of solving complicated engineering problems.

 

 

7. Определите, чем является –ing- форма в данных предложениях (герундием или причастием):

1. Using electricity opened up great possibilities in various fields of science and industry.

2. Using electricity we could solve many problems in engineering.

 

8. Подберите русские эквиваленты к выделенным словам:

1. 1. Training specialist is of great importance for her further development of science and engineering.

2. 2. Training specialists the country creates its own intelligentsia.

1) Подготовка; 2) подготавливаться.

 

 

9. Выберите предложения с независимым причастным оборотом и переведите их:

1. Speaking about the new method of work the engineer told us many interesting details.

2. The temperature of a conductor being raised, the motion of the electrons in the conductor increases.

3. Special instruments measuring cosmic radio signals are being installed in the observatory.

4. Transistors are very sensitive to light, some of them reacting even to star-light.

5. The first man-made satellite having been sent up, it became possible to investigate various types of radiation.

6. Obtaining new data engineers can improve their knowledge.

7. The resistance being very large, the current in the circuit was small.

8. When improving the design the constructor made many calculations.

9. A great variety of substances are semi-conductors, germanium and silicon being the most important of them.

10. A series of attempts having been made, Lodygin came to a successful solution of the problem.

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КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА

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