Climate.

One of the main components of nature is climate. Climateis the total sum ofweather during the period of years. The elements of climate are: temperature, rainfalls, atmospheric pressure and winds. There are four reasons, which influence climate:

1. geographical position;

2. relief;

3. oceanic currents;

4. circulation of atmosphere.

All the elements of climate are different in different parts of the globe. It depends on the belts of atmospheric pressure. There are three belts of low pressure and four belts of high pressure. The belts of atmospheric pressure form as the result of the distribution of sun warmth on the surface of the Earth and the influence of the rotation of the sun round its axis.

The highest temperature was marked in North America on the Mexican Highlands on 11 of August in 1933. In a shadow the temperature raised to +57.8^oC. In the Death Valley, California, on the 10 of June 1913close to that high temperature +56.7^oC was marked. The absolute minimum of temperature was noticed at “Vostok” station, Antarctica, in 1982. It was -89.2^oC. Before it in the northern hemisphere, the lowest temperature was found. In the winter of 1938 in Oimyakon the lowing of temperature to -77.8^oC was noticed.