FILEZILLA 3.01

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1. Be sure to address your cover letter --by name and title -- to the person who could actually hire you.When it's impossible to learn their name, use their functional title, such as "Dear Manager." You may have to guess ("Dear Selection Committee") but never say "To whom it may concern" or "Dear Sir or Madam"!

2. Show that you know a little about the company, and that you are aware of their current problems, interests, or priorities.

3. Express your enthusiasm and interest in this line of work and this company. If you have a good idea that might help the employer resolve a problem currently facing their industry, offer to come in and discuss it.

4. Project warmth and friendliness, while still being professional. Avoid any generic phrases such as "Enclosed please find." This is a letter to a real live person!

5. Make a personal link to a specific individual in that company, if at all possible -- also called "name dropping." For example, "My neighbor, Phil Lyons, works in your research-and-development department, and from what he tells me about the company and its current directions, I think I could be a good fit for your team."

6. Set yourself apart from the crowd. Identify at least one thing about you that's unique -- say a special talent for getting along with everybody at work, or some unusual skill that goes beyond the essential requirements of the position -- something that distinguishes you AND is relevant to the job. (Then, if several others are equally qualified for the job, your uniqueness may be the reason to choose YOU.)

7. Be specific about what you are asking for and what you are offering. Make it clear which position you're applying for and just what experience or skill you have that relates to that position.

8. Take the initiative about the next step whenever possible, andbe specific."I'll call your office early next week to see if we could meet soon and discuss this job opening," for example. OR -- if you're exploring for UN-announced jobs that my come up -- "I'll call your office next week to see if we could meet soon, to discuss your company's needs for help in the near future."

9. Keep it brief -- a few short paragraphs, all on one page.

Complete Fiona Scot’s letter of application using the following verbs:

УРОК 2

Перфектно-длительные формы глагола

Perfect Continuous (Common) Inclusive

Exercises

I. Переведите предложения:

1. The child has been sleeping for a long time. 2. Barbara said she had been teaching French since 1990. 3. The students have been working hard these four months. 4. He has been travelling a lot for the last few years. 5. Since when have you been learning English? 6. We have been studying a month now. 7. He said he had been working all day long. 8. By 1999 she had been teaching English for twenty years. 9. Oscar will have been living in Hungary for four years by July. 10. When the bell rings, we shall have been translating the article for an hour and a half. 11. When I first met her, she had been teaching German for five years. 12. Donald has been feeling bad these few days. 13. The Carters have been living in France in the past few years. 14. How long had Arthur been living in Great Britain before he moved to the United States? 15. He said he’d been meaning to tell me about it for a long time. 16. We’ve been friends since we’ve been students. 17. We’ve known each other since we went to school together. 18. He said he hadn’t slept since the previous night. 19. Laura has been ill since Thursday. 20. I was told that Oscar had been busy as a bee of late. 21. We haven’t heard from the Smiths since summer. 22. It’s a long time since I drank such good coffee. 23. In November it’ll be twenty five years since they have been married. 24. It’s the first day since I’ve been back home. 25. He said he had known her since they had been at college together. 26. He said he had known her since they were at college. 27. It’s a long time since I was at the theatre. 28. I’ve always dreamt of having a Mercedes. 29. I have always preferred tragedy to comedy. 30. It’s ages since Tom visited us.

II. Задайте разделительные вопросы:

Model: He’s been working.

He’s been working, hasn’t he?

1. You’ve been working. 2. You’ve been running. 3. He’s been sleeping. 4. She’s been helping you. 5. It’s been raining. 6. They’ve been waiting. 7. He’s been planning to go there. 8. You’ve been reading the paper. 9. Robert hasn’t been working these days. 10. Nora hasn’t been sleeping. 11. You haven’t been waiting for a long time. 12. They have been working hard for the last few days. 13. Oscar’s been working hard of late. 14. It’s been raining since morning. 15. The child’s been sleeping since noon.

III. Задайте вопросы, используя вопросительные слова, указанные в скобках:

1. I have been working on the problem for three years. (How long?) 2. It has been raining since morning. (Since when?) 3. We have been making chemical experiments for the past few days. (What experiments?) 4. By the time she comes, he will have been staying at the hotel for two days. (How long?) 5. He said he had been taking English lessons since he was a boy. (Since what time?) 6. You have been hiding from me lately. (Why?) 7. For the past few minutes he has been trying to make her understand that she is wrong. (What?) 8. She has been waiting to see you since morning. (Who?) 9. He has been travelling about South America for two months now. (Where?) 10. By this time next year he will have been lecturing on English literature for five years. (What subject?)

IV. Измените предложения, используя обстоятельства, указанные в скобках:

A.Model: He has already written this letter. (since morning)

He has been writing this letter since morning.

1. They have already built the theatre. (for two years). 2. We have discussed all these problems (the whole month). 3. I’ve helped her with her work. (since she came to this office). 4. He has just read this book. (all week). 5. She has taught them how to do it. (for years). 6. What has happened here? (while I have been away). 7. Has he read the book? (long). 8. I’ve looked through today’s newspapers. (since the postman brought them). 9. He has learned to drive a car. (since his parents gave him a car for his birthday). 10. Prices have considerably risen again (for the last few months).

B.Model: They are playing tennis now. (since lunch time)

They have been playing tennis since lunch time.

1. It’s snowing hard. (since early morning). 2. I am looking for a book which I’ve put somewhere. (since I returned from the office). 3. She is wearing a brown hat today. (for three years). 4. They are making vacuum-cleaners at this factory (since 1985). 5. They are translating an article from the Times now. (for two hours). 6. The baby is crying. (all morning). 7. I am reading David Copperfield now. (this week). 8. She is waiting for you downstairs. (for twenty minutes). 9. He is sleeping like a log. (for 24 hours now). 10. My aunt is speaking on the telephone. (the whole morning).

V. Перефразируйте предложения:

A.Model: I’ve been learning English for seven years now.

It’s seven years since I’ve been learning English.

1. She has been teaching English for twenty years now. 2. He has been driving a car for five years. 3. They have been married for twenty five years. 4. We’ve known each other for three years. 5. He’s been coming here every day for a fortnight now.

B.Model: I haven’t seen him for a long time.

It’s a long time since I saw him.

1. I haven’t gone on holiday for five years. 2. They haven’t eaten out for six months. 3. It hasn’t snowed here for years. 4. We haven’t played cards for ages. 5. She hasn’t heard from him for ages.

C.Model: By this time next year she’ll be teaching here for twenty five years.

This time next year it’ll be 25 years since she has been teaching here.

1. By 2000 he’ll have been working for the company for thirty years. 2. By November they will have been shooting the film for half a year. 3. By January he’ll have been writing his thesis for a year. 4. By the time he arrives, she’ll have been staying in hospital for a month. 5. By this time next year they’ll have been living in London for 3 years.

VI. Составьте короткие диалоги:

A.Model: When (how long ago) did you begin to study French?

I began to study French two years ago.

So how long have you been studying it?

I’ve been studying it for two years.

1. When did he enter the University? How long has he been studying at the University? 2. When did he start working? How long has he been working? 3. When did they move to a new house? How long have they been living in the new house? 4. When did they go abroad? How long have they been living abroad? 5. When did the boy fall asleep? How long has he been sleeping? 6. How long ago did the bell ring? How long have they been having a lesson? 7. How long ago did you learn to drive a car? How long have you been driving a car? 8. How long ago did you buy the suit? How long have you been wearing it? 9. How long ago did you buy the pen? How long have you been using it? 10. How long ago did you meet her? How long have you known each other?

VII. Ответьте на вопросы:

A.1. Have you been living in Moscow or in Berlin for the last few years? 2. Have you been studying Greek or English in the past few years? 3. Have you been studying or have you been working for a foreign firm since you left school? 4. Have you been sweating your brow over English grammar or have you been idling for the last few minutes?

B.1. How long have you been living in Moscow? 2. How long have you been studying English? 3. How long had you been studying English before you entered the University? 4. What have you been doing since you left school? 5. Since when have you been studying here?

C.1. You’ve been living in Moscow for ten years now, haven’t you? 2. You’ve been smoking since childhood, haven’t you? 3. You’ve been driving a BMW for the last few years, haven’t you? 4. You’ve been taking out that date of yours for a year now, haven’t you? 5. You’ve been drinking nothing but water of late, haven’t you? 6. You’ve been studying English for years, haven’t you? 7. You’ve been working at the Perfect Continuous Tense Forms for half a year now, haven’t you?

D.1. Have you finished writing the report? How long have you been working at it? How much time did it take you to write the introductory part?

2. When did you come to Moscow? What town have you come from? How long have you been living in Moscow?

3. I hear you’ve lost your English text-book. When did you lose it? Have you looked for it everywhere? How long have you been looking for it?

4. Did you take many pictures this summer? Have you developed them yet? Since when have you been developing them?

5. What do you do to improve your health? How long have you been doing morning exercise?

6. They say Tom Attkins has been playing truant for a fortnight now. How long has he stayed away from school? Have you contacted his parents?

7. I hear you’ve been extremely busy of late. Have you been working at your thesis? How many chapters have you written?

8. Ann is fond of amateur dramatics, isn’t she? What part has she been rehearsing lately?

9. Are you going to sit examinations later this year? Have you started reading for them yet? What do you do to brush up your grammar? What grammar material have you been studying lately?

10. Do you like reading books? What’s your favourite genre? Have you read any English books in the original? What book have you been reading lately?

VIII. Ответьте на вопросы:

Model: The child is sleeping.

How long has he been sleeping?

He has been sleeping for half an hour.

What did he say?

He said that the child had been sleeping for half an hour.

1. The boys are playing football. 2. They are watching TV. 3. He is arranging books on the shelf. 4. She is laying the table. 5. They are waiting for the guests. 6. Constance is cutting sandwiches. 7. Ralph is looking through the mail. 8. Barbara is washing up. 9. It’s snowing heavily. 10. It is raining cats and dogs. 11. The police are looking for the criminal. 12. He is trying to borrow some money. 13. He is dating my former flame. 14. Nick is smoking in the gent’s room. 15. My kid sister is horsing around. 16. The enraged father is boxing his son’s ears. 17. His wife is telling his off. 18. The mother is spanking the kid. 19. The housewife is doing the laundry. 20. The boys are having a free-for-all.

IX. Задайте косвенные вопросы: Начните предложения фразами:

«I wondered», «he asked», «she wanted to know», «they were anxious to find out», etc.

1. Has she been waiting for me long? 2. How long have they been travelling? 3. How long has the child been playing? 4. How long has the company been rehearsing the new play? 5. How long has she been lecturing here? 6. What have you been doing these ten days? 7. What book have you been reading lately? 8. How long has he been driving a car? 9. How long have they been living in Edinburgh? 10. What have you been working at for the last few months?

X. Переведите предложения:

1. Чем вы занимаетесь? -Я перевожу статью. -Вы давно ее переводите? -Я работаю с утра. 2. Мистер Браун поговорил с управляющим? -Он сейчас разговаривает с управляющим. -Они давно беседуют? -Они разговаривают уже около часа. 3. Вы перевели этот текст? -Нет, я его еще перевожу. -Сколько времени вы его переводите? -Я перевожу его с тех пор, как он мне его дал. 4. Что вы здесь делаете? -Жду брата. -Вы давно ждете? -Нет, я только что пришел. 5. Он давно работает над этой проблемой? -Он работает над ней уже год. 6. Не выходи на улицу. Идет дождь. -Да, дождь идет с утра. 7. Он сказал, что давно ждет вас. 8. Я не знал, что он давно ждет. 9. Он сказал, что в последнее время часто встречается с ним у Браунов. 10. Вот уже пятнадцать лет, как я здесь работаю. 11. Она всё еще пишет свой роман? -Да. -Сколько времени она его пишет? -Она сказала, что пишет его около двух лет. 12. Он спросил, чем я занимаюсь последние несколько лет. 13. Когда заболела Анна? -Она заболела в четверг. -Значит, она больна уже неделю? -Да. Она все время лежит в постели. 14. Он сказал, что они дружат с тех пор, как они студенты. 15. Давненько не брал я в руки шахматы. 16. Она пожаловалась, что уже целую вечность не была в театре. 17. Как вы сказали, сколько лет она живет в Австралии? 18. Вот уже три года, как он умер. 19. Как вы думаете, почему он изучает китайский язык последние несколько лет?

XI. Переведите предложения:

1. Мы пользуемся этим копиром уже три года. Он действует безотказно. 2. Я весь день сегодня думаю о том, что я скажу, когда увижу ее. 3. Это человек идет за нами всю дорогу от станции. Он, наверное, не знает дороги. 4. Этот шум беспокоит меня с самого утра, и я не могу понять, откуда он идет. 5. Ты пьешь слишком много кофе последнее время. 6. Он был уверен, что она живет в Москве с 1995 ода. 7. У него было такое чувство, что он живет здесь уже давно. 8. Он носит очки с детства. 9. Я всегда предпочитала трагедию комедии. 10. Преподаватель сказал, что курсанты пишут изложение уже два часа. 11. Она поинтересовалась, сколько времени ребенок занимается музыкой? 12. Мне уже давно хочется прочесть эту книгу. 13. Мать пожаловалась, что уже месяц не имеет от сына никаких вестей. 14. Я не видел словарь с тех пор, как вы его взяли из шкафа. 15. Я чувствую себя очень одиноким с тех пор, как уехал брат. 16. Я всегда интересовался естественными науками. 17. Неужели эта книга всё еще у него? Сколько времени он ее читает? 18. Он закончил первую главу диссертации и пишет вторую. Он работает над диссертацией уже два года. 19. Он наш тренер, с тех пор как я играю в этой команде. 20. Уже двадцать лет, как я живу в этом городе, а в сентябре исполнится ровно десять лет, как я преподаю в этом университете.