Практикум (аудиторная работа)
Keys Практикум (аудиторная работа) Unit 1 1.1 Start-up: In which country would it be a grave insult to touch someone on the head? Thailand 1.2: a) Money £ 400 50p €9.40 €47.99 ¥ 5.000 $100 Fractions ¼ ¾ 2/3 7/8 12 1/2 Decimals and percentages 6.2 17.25 50% 75.7% 100% Dates 1995 2020 1789 15/7/94 30/10/02 Phone numbers 01865-556890 800451-7545 919677-1303 b)
D Are people less happy or more happy the older they get? If you answered more happy, then you were right, based on a study in 2008. It found that people generally become happier and experience less worry after age fifty. In fact, it found that by the age of eighty-five, people are happier with their life than they were at eighteen. The findings came from a Gallup survey of more than three hundred forty thousand adults in the United States in two thousand eight. At that time, the people were between the ages of eighteen and eighty-five. Arthur Stone in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress were highest among adults between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five. Stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties. Happiness was highest among the youngest adults and those in their early seventies. But the people least likely to report feeling negative emotions were those in their seventies and eighties. The survey also found that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men did. The researchers also considered possible influences like having young children, being unemployed or being single. But they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age. So why would happiness increase with age? One theory is that, as people get older, they become more thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions. They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences. The findings appeared in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Happiness is not the only thing that apparently improves with age. In a study, people in their eighties reported the fewest problems with the quality of their sleep. Researchers surveyed more than one hundred fifty thousand American adults. The study, led by Michael Grandner at the University of Pennsylvania, appeared in the journal Sleep. The original goal was to confirm the popular belief that aging is connected with increased sleep problems. The survey did find an increase during middle age, especially in women. But except for that, people reported that they felt their sleep quality improved as they got older.
B 1 – sociable; 2 – quick-tempered; 3 – sympathetic; 4 – hard-working; 5 – arrogant; 6 – self-possessed; 7 – open-handed; 8 – original; 9 – obstinate; 10 – tolerant.
C YOUR SECRET PERSONALITY Everyone has got two personalities – the one that they show to the world and their secret, real personality. You don’t show your secret personality when you’re awake because you can control your behavior, but when you’re asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you. In a normal night, of course, people frequently change their position. The important position is the one that you go to sleep in. If you go to sleep on your back you’re a very open person. You normally trust people and you’re easily influenced by fashion or new ideas. You don’t like to upset people so you never express your real feelings. You are quite shy and you aren’t very confident. People who sleep on their stomach are rather secretive people. If you lie like this you worry a lot and you’re always easily upset. You’re very stubborn but you aren’t very ambitious. You usually live for today not tomorrow. This means that you enjoy having a good time. If you sleep curled up you’re probably a very nervous person. You have a low opinion of yourself so you’re often defensive. You’re shy and you don’t normally like meeting people. You prefer to be on your own. You’re easily hurt. People who sleep on their side have usually got a well balanced personality. If you sleep like this you know your strengths and weaknesses. You’re usually careful and have confident personality. You sometimes feel anxious, but you don’t often get depressed. You always say what you think even if it annoys people.
Unit 2 2.1 In which country is chewing gum forbidden by law? Singapore 2.2 a) 5/11/98 24/12/85 16/3/01 30/9/05 28/1/74 15/8/00 12/5/99 20/4/88 22/6/03 31/1/04 23/2/02 24/7/63 B)
2.3 b: 1-lawyer; 2-long hours; 3-Texas; 4-Mexico; 5-France; 6-children; 7-beautiful house; 8-Dallas; 9-interior designer; 10 – play golf; 11-relax.
2.6 c: 1 - h; 2 – d; 3 – k; 4 – m; 5 – d; 6 – a; 7 – l; 8 – c; 9 – i; 10 – n; 11 – f; 12 – b; 13 – j; 14- g;
3.1 When did the modern Olympic Games start? 1896 As you sow, so shall you reap – что посеешь, то и пожнешь Nothing seek, nothing find - под лежачий камень вода не течет An ounce of practice is worth a pound of theory – день практики стоит года теории Never say die - не падайте духом, не отчаивайтесь No bees, no honey, no work, no money – кто не работает, тот не ест.
3.2 A) at 21.30 on October 18, 1898; at 12.32 on May 15, 1887; at 16.42 on November 18, 1975; at 23.00 on September 17, 1543; at 19.59 on April 22, 1870; at 17.38 on October 27, 1897; at 19.54 on March 12, 1876; at 17.27 on April 28, 1875; at 11.25 on January 31, 1886; at 21.49 on June 30, 1764; at 13.27 on July 1, 1952; at 12.35 on January 21, 1924.
B) 1.‘When are you going away on holiday? ’ ‘On the fifteenth. ’ ‘And when do you get back? ’ ‘On the twenty-fourth. I’ll give you a ring when we get home.’ 2. And now the business news. The unemployment rate has risen slightly this month. The national unemployment rate is now 4.2%, and in our area, an estimated 15, 000 people are out of work. 3. ‘Thank you for calling the Blackpool Concert Hall. This is Matt speaking. How can I help you? ’ ‘Oh. Hi. Erm – do you still have seats for tonight’s concert? ’ ‘Yes, we do.’ ‘Great. I’d like two tickets, please. Can I reserve them by phone? ’ ‘Yes, that’s fine. Erm – tickets are £ 35 each. Could I have your name please? ’ Yes, Sarah Dawson.’ ‘Thanks.’ ‘Can I pay by visa? ’ ‘Yes that’s fine. Erm – what’s your card number please? It’s 4929…7983…0621…8849.’ Let me read that back. 4929…7983…0621…8849.’ ‘That’s right.’ 4.‘Hey, I really like your shoes! Where d’you buy them? ’ ‘At that new shop in the town.’ ‘Oh yeah? Next to the post office.’ ‘Yeah.’ ‘How much were they, if you don’t mind me asking? ’ ‘£ 39.99 in the sale. Everything’s half price you know, so they were reduced from £ 79.99. ’ ‘What a bargain! ’ 5.‘Hello? ’ ‘Hi Jim. How’re things? ’ ‘Fine. Listen – we’re having a party this Saturday, and we were wondering if you’d like to come. It’s our tenth wedding anniversary.’ ‘Congratulations. When is it? ’ ‘It starts at seven o’clock.’ ‘Saturday at seven? Sounds good.’
3.5. A) 1. curriculum vitae. 2. the main purpose of a CV is to persuade a potential employer that you have the right skills, experience, education and personality for the job. 3. A successful CV is the product of careful thought. It needs to stand out from potentially hundreds of competing applicants. In order to do this a CV must be planned and written specifically for the job you are applying for, clearly expressing how you meet the requirements for the job. A successful CV must be concise, honest and error-free. 4. There is no limit to the number of sections in a CV, although all CVs should cover professional experience, educational qualifications and skills. The only rule to remember is that the sections within your CV should all be strictly relevant to the position you are applying for. 5. There is no one correct way to structure your CV, although the two most common approaches are the conventional chronological CV and the skills-based CV.
С) 2 contact; 3 personal statement; 4 education 5 work experience; 6 interests; 7 skills; 8 references; 9 your name; 10 contact details; 11 personal statement; 12 skills; 13 work experience; 14 education; 15 interests; 16 references. Audio Script Silvia: So, Sophie, I’ve found a really interesting looking job vacancy at a communications agency in central London. Sophie: That’s great. Have you sent off your application? Silvia: Actually, you were so great at helping me work out what my skills were, I was wondering if you could give me some words of wisdom on writing a killer CV. Sophie: Of course. Okay, so the two most popular ways of organizing a CV are a conventional CV and a skills-based CV. Silvia: Okay. Sophie: So, obviously both of them start with your name in large letters. Silvia: Why large? Sophie: Your name’s got to be large so that the interviewer can easily find your CV hidden away in a pile of papers on their desk when they interview you! Then after that come your contact details: address, telephone number, email address and so on. Oh, and make sure it’s a sensible email address, your name@hotmail.com, for example. Silvia: Okay. Sophie: If you were going to include a personal statement then it would go before this bit under your contact details, but they’re a lot more common in skills-based CVs. So, in a chronological CV you’d start with an education section, outlining your main academic qualifications, most recent first. As well as the basics – university name, degree and graduation date – you can include coursework that’s relevant to the job, academic honours or awards. Silvia: Then what? Sophie: Then you’d put your work experience next in chronological order starting with the most recent, with dates, duties, and the key skills you gained in each position. Silvia: What about my expedition in Argentina last year? Where would I put that? Sophie: Well, after your education section and work experience in a traditional chronological CV you’d have a section on activities and interests – I’d put it in there. But remember to focus on the skills relevant for the job that these activities and interests helped you to develop. Silvia: Right. Sophie: And then lastly, you can list additional skills such as languages, computer skills, clean driving license and so on. It depends on the job really, and who’s applying. Silvia: What do you mean? Sophie: Well, just include the things that are relevant for the job. If you were writer, for example, you must list your publications here. Whereas if you worked in computers, you’d have a specific section focusing on your computer skills. Silvia: I see. And then at the bottom I put my references? Sophie: Exactly. Silvia: So what’s the difference with a skills-based CV then? Sophie: Well, with a skills-based CV you’d start the same, but then it’s quite different. Some people include a personal statement or career profile. It’s just a couple of sentences that summarize your value to the employer. It’s not a bad idea to write on even if you decide not to use it, as just writing one will help you decide how you want to present yourself and what you want out of your career. Silvia: Good idea. I’ll give it a go. Sophie: Okay, then after that in a skills-based CV you list your key skills. Basically, you decide what transferable skills the employer is looking for, and then you break these down into similar groups and provide evidence that you’ve got these skills. Silvia: So you mean when the job advertisement mentions that they are looking for somebody who’s ‘an excellent communicator’ and has ‘great research skills’. I should write the CV directly in reaction to that, will skills headings, such as ‘Communication’, ‘Research’ and so on? Sophie: Yes. That’s it. This approach is quite effective as it focuses your CV towards a specific job and proves you’ve got all the skills they’re after. Then after that you simply list your work experience details, education and professional qualifications, interests and lastly your referees. Silvia: I quite like the sound of a skills-based CV, but I think the chronological CV seems easier to write. Sophie: It is. And remember these are just two approaches. There aren’t really any strict rules on what order to put your sections in, or even what you want to call these sections. As long as the essential information is there, it’s up to you. It’s your CV and how you design and create it says something about you and reflects your character. Silvia: Thanks, I’m really inspired now.
3.6.
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