Study the Vocabulary Notes and translate the illustrative examples into Russian. A. 1. What nonsense people talked when they said you could tell character from faces

2. Translate the following sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the words and word combinations in bold type:

A. 1. What nonsense people talked when they said you could tell character from faces. 2. She was usually cast for character parts. 3. The portrayal of the two characters is built on the con­trast between appearance and reality. 4. His behaviour seemed out of character. 5. It had never occurred to him that after 25 years of complete happiness his character would gradually lose its strength. 6. But it is not at all characteristic of him. 7. But it was a new kind of moodiness, with tears threatening.

8. Knowing that danger threatened, the sentry was on the alert.

9. As for this man, there was no sign that the threats would come to anything. 10. Drunken drivers pose a grave threat to road us­ers. 11. Mrs. Davis was boiling a pot of grub. She bade us sit down, stirred the pot and then sank into a wicker chair. 12. He looked at her and his heart sank: she seemed to be in one of her moods and would not concentrate on what he was saying. 13. I knew that Fred was untrustworthy, but I'd no idea he'd ever sink to doing a thing like that. 14. Robert had learnt a valuable Tesson if he had the sense to hold on to it. 15. The beauty of the picture stirred in me a most enthusiastic sense of admiration. 16. A strange sense of loss came over him. 17. Common sense told her it was useless at this stage to say anything about what she had seen yesterday. 18. Agnes was one of those sensitive types who go through life looking for any offence left lying about for the taking. 19. There was a sudden sense of strain in the atmosphere. 20. Do have some sense of proportion, Martin. 21. One could al­ways appeal to Carlyon's sense of humour. 22. "You're a very sensible boy," Mr. Bowles said approvingly. 23. It was useless ar­guing with Jan. One couldn't talk sense into her. 24. When Ned was angry he lost his sense of the ridiculous.

C. 1. She was in a queer spirit and I was cautious enough not to insist on my offer. 2. Caution visibly held him back. 3. I've already seen enough to insist that ordinary precautions be taken. 4. So far his interview with Mike had proceeded cautiously — on both sides. 5. It seemed that caution was the one virtue he recognized. 6.1 was in my room when Paul slipped in, his eyes shining. 7. He knew he'd gone out on some errand and it absolutely slipped his memory. 8. Lucy slipped quickly out of bed and went along the passage to her sister's room. 9. I dreamed of dreadful abysses amongst which I was wandering knowing that a slip of the foot meant death. 10. She moved to the door, and slipped home the little bolt. 11. He tore the slip of paper in two, and tossed it into the fire. 12. It was no mere slip of the tongue that had caused Branwell to make that gross error. 13. Mrs. Reed looked frightened; her work had slipped from her knee. 14. He laughed again, and it struck me that his laugh was un­usually bitter. 15. There was a terrible bitter row over George's go­ing to college. 16. He thought of June and her dead mother, and the whole story, with all his old bitterness. 17. When he turned there was bitter hatred in his face. 18. A sheep dog stirred in the shade and opened a cautious eye as he passed. 19. He poured out coffee for us both and began stirring his slowly, thoughtfully. 20. It was a sum­mer morning full of stir and life. 21. He hurried to Mr. Dombey's room, stirred the fire, put the chair ready. 22. For long times he set­tled down, and in those times he would not stir a finger to lift a guin­ea a yard off. 23. Washington was humming with excitement like a stirred wasps' nest. 24. Our fates were linked together. I could not injure him without injuring myself. 25. Women forgive injuries, but never forget slights. 26. When you testified at the trial, you did not point out that Jackson received his injury through trying to save the machinery from damage. 27. Reggie sighed, and his round face was plaintive with the melancholy of an injured child. 28. She wanted to go away and cry and hate Constance and think of impossible but terrific ways of taking her revenge on her. 29. George Sand re­venged herself upon the poet Musset for writing "He and She" by publishing the novel "She and He".

 

3. Paraphrase the following sentences using the Essential Vocabulary:

A- 1. She is not, I think, an interesting personality. 2. The writ­er's skill in creating vivid and original images is combined with the refinement of language and style. 3. The people depicted by the writer are all very much alike. 4. His conversation was typical of a retired officer. 5. Look at the clouds. It looks like raining. 6. The teacher said he was going to punish the pupil unless he did his homework properly. 7. Jap dropped into a chair, looked at me and tapped his forehead significantly. 8. His voice had risen, but now it dropped almost to a whisper. 9. At last he subsided into heavy slumber. 10. You are her friend — in the best meaning of the word. Surely that gives you special privileges. 11. The drugs had relieved the pain and she was left with a feeling of great fatigue. 12. Nora never made scenes. She was reasonable enough to know that they would only irritate Roger. 13. The truth was too obvious, and Julia had too much intelligence to miss it. 14. I think she behaved with great practical wisdom. 15. He never warned me about that until yesterday.

B. 1. My friend and I moved quietly out of the room. 2. We knew what you intended to do and we took measures. 3. I meant to give the book back to you this morning, but in the heat of our discussion, it had escaped my memory. 4. She put her hand into his and gave him her old smile. 5. It must be awful to see year after year pass by and live in a place where nothing can happen. 6. His life had been a severe struggle against every sort of difficulty. 7. Gorky's death was a heavy loss to all the people. 8. His failure to pass the examination was a painful disappointment to him. 9. She was afraid to make the slightest movement for fear she might waken the child. 10. Poetry, like music, excited him profoundly. 11. He had no pity, and her tears aroused no emotion, but he didn't want hysterics. 12. "There!" he would say in a hurt tone. "Now the nail's gone." 13. Isn't it a bit too hot for sun-bathing? — Not for me. I like it hot. The sun can't do me any harm. 14. The doctor thought that the wound was inflicted by a heavy blow from some blunt instrument. 15. She is vindictive to any- -ene who has hurt her. 16. He told Kate that, in practical affairs, pay­ing back evil for evil was a luxury he could not afford. 17. That was how he could inflict injury on those people in return for their mock­ery. 18. Ann knew she could get even with them, but she no longer felt angry.

4. Explain or comment on the following sentences:

A. 1. Is that likely from what you know of his character? — Very unlikely. 2. His appearance did not answer his true charac­ter. 3. I like the way the actor reveals the character. 4. The old gentleman was decidedly a character. 5. I know that Blanche has a quick temper. It's part of her strong character. 6. The writer's favourite character is a man who is poor and alone in the world. 7. His style is characterized by great laconism. 8. The father threatened to cut the boy off with a shilling if he disobeyed him.

9. We had had cloudy days before, but not dull days, threatening rain. 10. Who was the "her" they were talking about? My heart sank: me. 11. "But why should they get so damned suspicious?" Miller asked. "It doesn't make sense to me, boss." 12. He was able to look after her and that was a comfort. In fact he gave a sense of support to all who were near him. 13. He was sensible enough to accept the inevitable. 14. I think she behaved with great sense. 15. Come on, let's talk sense. 16. You're ridiculously over­sensitive. Everyone is sure to welcome you. 17. No sense in catch­ing cold. Put on your sweater. 18. He has an immense sense of his own importance. 19. She broke in: "We cannot be too cautious of how we talk before children." 20. When he returned, he said the doctor ought to see her, if only as a precaution. 21. Mrs. Ebberly always took precautions against being exposed to draughts.

B. 1. She slipped the ring on her finger and stretched out her arm to have a better look at his present. 2. The minutes slipped by into an hour. 3. "If you make another slip of the tongue, it will be the last," said the examiner. 4. He slipped off his boots and coat and slid into the water. 5. The bitter cold of late autumn, unpre­pared for and unforeseen, is more bitter than the cold of winter. 6. He reproached me bitterly for not having let him know. 7. "But that wasn't much improvement," he said with a quiet and bitter sarcasm. 8. I was so utterly exhausted that I couldn't stir hand or foot. 9. Hallward stirred in his chair as if he were going to rise.

10. In her day she had made a great stir in the little world of Lon­don. 11. Do not let the children injure the bushes in the park. 12. He received injuries to his head in the accident. 13. Why should she always have an injured look? 14. The doctor said that sort of thing might injure the girl's mentality for life. 15. In taking revenge a man is but equal to his enemy, but in passing it over he is superior. 16. The young peasant swore to revenge himself upon the man who had insulted his sister. 17. His grief and sense of loss were replaced by a desire for revenge.

5. Choose the right word:

caution — warn

1. His friends... him against approaching danger and... him against running into it. 2. We... her against speaking rashly and... her of the consequences. 3. I... him against being late. 4. The boys must be... not to go skating on the pond: the ice is too thin.

stir — move

1.. He held his breath, afraid.... 2.... aside, please. 3. He wouldn't... a finger to help anyone. 4. He is able... anyone to ac­tion. 5. His kind attitude... me to tears. 6. She was afraid... not to wake up the children.

injure — damage

1. The crops were... by a storm. 2. He was... in the war. 3. Lots of buildings were... by the earthquake. 4. He was the only one to escape from the train wreck without.... 5. The car was... in an accident.

6. Translate the following sentences into English:

A. 1. Когда Тед появился в нашей компании, мы сразу почувство­вали силу его характера. 2. В «паблик скулз» действительно воспиты­вают характер, и совершенно определенный — характер лидера. 3. Когда мы стали обсуждать главного героя рассказа, мнения разде­лились. 4. Решение ждать, ничего не предпринимая, очень характер­но для него. 5. «Во всяком случае ты мог бы обойтись без угроз, — сказала Джун, — угрозами ты ничего не добьешься». 6. Никто, кроме руководителя экспедиции, не отдавал себе отчета в том, какая опас­ность грозит им, если пурга не стихнет к утру. 7. "Титаник", пасса­жирский пароход, затонул в 1912 году. 8. Солнце клонилось к гори­зонту. Повеяло сыростью. 9. Во время шторма на море их лодка затонула, но рыбакам удалось спастись. 10. Вы не находите, что этот актер переигрывает? У него нет чувства меры. 11. «Ты же разумный человек. Как ты не понимаешь, что нет смысла спорить об этом, пока мы не выясним все?»— сказал Тэд. 12. Это предложение бессмыс­ленно, тут, должно быть, опечатка. 13. Джейн очень болезненно вос­принимает критику; ее обижает любое замечание, какое бы оно ни было. 14. Ты бы лучше прислушалась к словам Роджера: он дело гово­рит. 15. Настойчивость и здравый смысл— вот что мне нравится в ней. 16. Будьте осторожны, это очень плохая дорога, и по ней нельзя ехать с большой скоростью. 17. Я же предупреждал вас, чтобы вы не

опаздывали, а вы приходите с опозданием на час. 18. Против гриппа были приняты все меры предосторожности.

В. 1. Она вздрогнула, и чашка выскользнула у нее из рук.

2. Эта тропинка очень скользкая, пойдемте лучше по дороге.

3. Когда вечер был в разгаре, Анне удалось незаметно выскользнуть из дома. 4. Он очень бегло говорит по-немецки, но у него «хромает» грамматика. 5. Я хотела позвонить вам вчера вечером, но, когда я пришла домой, я совсем забыла об этом. 6. Миссис Дауэлс посмотре­ла вокруг: Тома нигде не было видно, должно быть, он опять улизнул от нее. 7. Его провал на экзамене был для него горьким разочаровани­ем. 8. Когда Дорин осталась одна, она дала волю слезам и долго и горь­ко плакала от обиды. 9. Сегодня ужасно холодно. Почему бы не отло­жить нашу поездку до завтра? 10. Ветра сосем не было, ни один листок не шевелился. 11. Помешайте кашу, а то она подгорит. 12. В доме ни­кого еще не было слышно, я открыл дверь и вышел. 13. Марион и гла­зом не моргнула, когда услышала эту потрясающую новость, должно быть, она знала об этом раньше. 14. Когда Джон попал в автомобиль­ную катастрофу, он получил серьезные повреждения спины и до сих пор еще недостаточно хорошо себя чувствует. 15. Боюсь, не повреди­ло бы ребенку это лекарство. 16. Будьте потактичнее, чтобы не задеть ее. Она очень обидчива. 17. Думаю, что она расплакалась из-за уязв­ленного самолюбия. 18. Она сделала это из мести, ты же тоже не очень хорошо с ней обошлась. 19. «Никогда бы не подумала, — сказала Нора, — что она способна мстить за небольшую обиду, которую ей, к тому же, нанесли случайно». 20. Такие мстительные люди никогда не забывают обид и всегда надеются когда-нибудь отомстить своему обидчику.

7. Review the Vocabulary Notes and answer the following questions:

1. What do you say of a person who is easily influenced by oth­ers? 2. What do you say of a person who often does strange or un­usual things? 3. What do you call people who are easily hurt?

4. What do you call people who desire for revenge? 5. What do some people do if they want to pay back evil? 6. What's paying back evil called? 7. What would you do if you didn't want to show your sorrow? 8. What must be done during an epidemic? 9. How must one walk along a street slippery with ice? 10. What may hap­pen if one is not cautious? 11. What may happen if one slips and falls? 12. What kind of shoes are usually worn at home? 13. What kind of people cannot see a good joke? 14. What is an­other way of saying "This is typical of him"? 15. What do you call a basin with a drain in the kitchen? 16. What kind of person would you ask for advice?

8. Respond to the following statements and questions using the Essential Vocabulary:

1. One can never know what to expect of her. 2. Why on earth did you employ him? He won't stir a finger to do the work properly. 3. Do you think it was mere chance that she wouldn't stay and finish the job? I won't have you doing it! 4. One always has to wait for Ann. 5. Why are you asking me for advice? 6. Do you understand what he said? 7. Why didn't you ring me up last night? 8. You look frozen. Is it as cold as that? 9. Wasn't she surprised to hear the news? 10.1 hear he's in hospital. What's the matter with him? 11. Whatever made her say such a thing? Was she angry with you? 12. You ought to have stood your ground. 13. I'm through with my work. 14. Aren't you ashamed? 15. What a boring party, I wish I were at home. 16.You're hours late! What's the matter? 17. I hear he's dropped hockey.

9. Use as many word combinations from the Essential Vocabulary as possi­ble in one situation.

10. Use the following words and word combinations in dialogues:

1. Two girls are discussing the plot of a play or story, (the main character, to intercept information, to take precautions, to trick smb. out of smth., a slip of the tongue, not to stir an eyelid, the mo­ment he..., an injured air, to give smb. the slip)

2. Two first-year students are talking of their impressions of the college, (the character of, to caution against, characteristic of, to give way to, why not?)

11. Find in Text Six and copy out phrases in which the prepositions (or ad­verbs) 'out', 'out of and 'into' are used. Translate the sentences into Russian.

12. Fill in prepositions or adverbs where necessary:

1. Norman is.... He'll be back... an hour or so. 2. "Let's forget the quarrel and be friends," he said holding... his hand. 3. Let's get... the car and stretch our legs. 4. I really can't walk... such a rate. I'm quite... breath. 5.1 remember that I was scared... my wits then, but the details have faded... my memory. 6.... respect to her feelings ydu ought to be discreet. 7. The door won't lock. All the locks in this cottage are... order. 8. Are you... your senses to act like this? 9. The lady succeeded... tricking the lieutenant... the despatches. 10. Are you...your tricks again? You'll drive me... my senses. 11. The first introduction of French... English dates from the time... the Saxon kings. 12. American slang is forcing its way... English. 13. It's good to be able to turn sorrow... joy. 14. Why did you burst... the room... so much noise? 15. He sat staring... the fire.

13. Translate the following sentences into English. Pay attention to the prep­ositions and adverbs:

1. Когда вечер был в разгаре, Руфь незаметно выскользнула из дома. 2. Я не могу разобрать некоторые слова, у вас ужасный по­черк. 3. День оказался прекрасным, и мы пожалели, что остались в городе. 4. С глаз долой, из сердца вон. 5. Кейт улыбнулась сквозь слезы и сказала: «Извини меня, у меня нервы не в порядке». 6. Он живет за городом, и ему нужно полтора часа, чтобы добраться до ра­боты. 7. Вы попадете в беду. И не говорите тогда, что я не предосте­регал вас. 8. Узнав, что отъезд опять отменен, Кейт залилась слеза­ми. 9. Джим ворвался в комнату, схватил что-то, и через минуту его уже снова не было в доме. 10. Теперь, когда они были вне опаснос­ти, они могли, наконец, передохнуть. 11. Он не выходит уже месяц. 12. Дверь не запирается: должно быть, замок не в порядке. 13. Не в его характере спорить просто из упрямства.

14. a ) Give Russian equivalents for the following English proverbs and say­ings (or translate them into Russian), b) Make up situations to illustrate their meanings:

1. It is sink or swim. 2. Caution is the parent of safety. 3. Who has never tasted bitter, knows not what is sweet. 4. A threatened blow is seldom given. 5. Better the foot slip than the tongue. 6. Be­tween the cup and the lip a morsel may slip.

15. Write an essay on one of the following topics:

1. A Russian national hero of the war of 1812.

2. A play by B. Shaw on Russian stage.

CONVERSATION AND DISCUSSION

FEELINGS AND EMOTIONS

Topical Vocabulary

1. Positive feelings: admiration, enthusiasm, excitement, ela­tion, joy, love, pride, zest.

2. Negative feelings: anger, annoyance, irritation, anxiety, de­spair, humiliation, embarrassment, tension, envy, hate, jealousy, fear, shame, guilt, rage, terror.

3. Emotional condition: a) to feel good, to feel fine, to feel great, to feel pride and joy, to be bright and happy, to be in a good mood; b) to feel bad, to feel uneasy/anxious/lonely/scared/miserable/ guilty, to feel put upon, to be upset, to be tense and jumpy, to be furious, to be in a bad temper.

4. Display of emotions: to express/hide/disguise/control/re- veal/relieve one's feelings, to cope with one's feelings, an outlet for one's feelings, to get angry at smth./smb., to let off steam, to burst out laughing/crying, to behave calmly and coolly, to take one's irritation out on smb., to throw tantrums, to scream and yell at smb., to keep/lose one's temper, to fly into a rage.

1. Read the following text for obtaining its information:

One day you feel good and the next you feel bad, and between those two poles are compressed all the joys of heaven and the an­guish of hell. The events that prompt feelings, the justification for the feelings, even the reality of the perceptions that lead to them are all unimportant. It is the feeling that counts.

Despite its importance, there is an incredible amount of confu­sion about feelings and emotions in both the minds of the public and the attention of the "experts". "Emotion" is the general term which encompasses the feeling tone, the biophysiological state, and even the chemical changes we are beginning to understand underline the sensations we experience; "feeling" is our subjec­tive awareness of our own emotional state. It is that which we ex­perience; that which we know about our current emotional condi­tion.

Feelings, particularly the complex and subtle range of feelings in human beings, are testament to our capacity for choice and learn­ing. Feelings are the instruments of rationality, not— as some would have it — alternatives to it. Because we are intelligent crea­tures, we are capable of, and dependent on, using rational choice to decide our futures. Feelings become guides to that choice. We are rujt just passive responders, as some lower life forms are, to that which the environment offers us. We can avoid certain conditions, select out others, and anticipate both and, moreover, via anticipa­tion we can even modify the nature of the environment. Feelings are fine tunings directing the ways in which we will meet and manipu­late our environment.

Feelings of anxiety, boredom, tension and agitation alert us to the sense of something wrong, and, more importantly, by the subtle distinctions of their messages they indicate something of the nature of the impending danger and direct us to specific kinds of adaptive manoeuvres to avoid, prevent, or change the incipient threat. Feel­ings of guilt allow us to model our behaviour against certain ideals and register when we have moved away from these ideals, or have not yet achieved them. If there is a common ingredient to the vari­ous sources and forms of pleasure, the only one that can be identi­fied is that they all seem to contribute to an enhanced sense of self. Pleasurable events either intensify our sense of ourselves or enlarge our view of ourselves. Joy stems from an altered sense of self and, in turn, alters our view of our world and the way we are viewed.

2. Answer the following questions:

1. How do you understand the statement "it is the feeling that counts"? 2. Why is it difficult to classify sensations and what terms are suggested in this article? 3. How does "emotion" differ from "feeling"? 4. Do you agree that feelings are "the instruments of ra­tionality, not alternatives to it"? 5. How do feelings of anxiety, bore­dom, tension and agitation serve adoptive purposes? 6. Of what im­portance are feelings of guilt? 7. What do the positive feelings have in common? 8. How do pleasurable events affect our feelings?