Комплект индивидуальной медицинской помощи ВДВThe British are one of the biggest newspaper-reading nations in the world. There are about 130 daily and Sunday newspapers, over 2,000 weekly newspapers and some 7,000 periodical publications in Britain. That's more national and regional daily newspapers for every person in Britain than in most other developed countries. The major papers, twelve national morning daily newspapers (5 qualities and 7 populars) and nine Sunday papers (4 qualities and 5 populars) are available in most parts of Britain. All the national newspapers use computer technology, and its use in the provincial press, which has generally led the way in adopting new techniques, is widespread. In a democratic country like Great Britain the press, ideally, has three political functions: information, discussion and representation. It is supposed to give the voter reliable and complete information to base his judgement. It should let him know the arguments for and against any policy, and it should reflect and give voice to the desires of the people as a whole. All the newspapers whether daily or Sunday, totalling about twenty, can be divided into two groups: quality papers and popular papers. Quality papers include "The Times1, "The Guardian", "The Daily Telegraph", "The Financial Times", "The Observer", "The Sunday Times" and "The Sunday Telegraph". Very thoroughly they report national and international news. In addition to the daily and Sunday papers, there is an enormous number of weeklies, some devoted to specialized and professional subjects, others of more general interest. Three of them are of special importance and enjoy a large and influential readership. They are: the "Spectator", the "New Statesman" and the largest and most influential - the "Economist". The distinction between the quality and the popular papers is one primarily of educational level. Quality papers are those newspapers which are intended for the well educate. All the rest are generally called popular newspapers. The most important of them are the "News of the World", "The Sun", the "Daily Mirror", the "Daily Express". In some countries, newspapers are owned by government or by political parties. This is not the case in Britain. Newspapers here are mostly owned by individuals or by publishing companies, and the editors of the papers are usually allowed considerate freedom of expression. This is not to say that newspapers are without political bias. Papers like The Daily Telegraph, The Sun, for example, usually reflect Conservative opinions in their comment and reporting, while the Daily Mirror and The Guardian have a more left-wing bias. In addition to the 12 national daily newspapers there are nine national papers which published on Sundays. The "quality" Sunday papers devote large sections to literature and the arts. They have colour supplements and are in many ways more like magazines than newspapers. They supply quite different world of taste and interest from the "popular" papers. Most of the "Sundays" contain more reading matter than daily papers, and several of them also include "colour-supplements" - separate colour magazines which contain photographically-illustrated feature articles. Reading a Sunday paper, like having a big Sunday lunch, is an important tradition in many British households.
Комплект индивидуальной медицинской помощи ВДВ
Каждому военнослужащему выдается комплект индивидуальный медицинской помощи ВДВ, В состав, которого входят: - два индивидуальных перевязочных пакета, - пакет ИПП – 8 (для дегазации кожи), - пенал с таблетками «пантацида», - аптечка индивидуальная. Аптечка индивидуальная (АИ)
СОСТАВ АПТЕЧКИ: 1. Шприц – тюбик с красным колпачком (с 1 мл афина) против нервно-паралитических ОВ (вводить не более 2-х тюбиков один за другим не ранее, чем через 30 минут). 2. Резервный пакет. 3. Противоболевое средство (при обширных ранах, вывихах, переломах, размозжениях ткани, ожогах) – тюбик с белым колпачком (промедол). 4. Радиозащитное средство (цистатин – 6 таблеток). Пенал 8 – гранной формы розового цвета (2шт.). Применяется при действии на зараженном участке местности за 15-20 мин. до входа на зараженный участок. Принять содержимое одного пенала сразу. Повторно – через 4-5 часов. 5. противобактериальное средство (хлортетрациклин). 2 четырехгранных белых пенала по 5 таблеток. Принять весь пенал сразу. Повторить – через 6-12 часов. Применять при угрозе бактериологического нападения. 6. Противорвотное средство (этаперазин). 1 синий круглый пенал на 5 таблеток. Применять при наступлении тошноты от воздействия ОМП и ожогах по 1-ой таблетке. Повторно – через 6-8 часов. ПРОТИВОБОЛЕВОЕ СРЕДСТВО (ПРОМЕДОЛ) Промедол назначают под кожу, внутримышечно и внутрь. При парентеральном применении болеутоляющий эффект более выражен. При необходимости промедол вводят также в вену. Внутрь назначают взрослым на прием по 0,025 – 0,05 г, под кожу – по 1 мл 1% или 2% раствора. При сильных болях, особенно у больных со злокачественными опухолями, тяжелыми травмами и т. п. Вводят 1-2 мл 2% раствора. Действие промедола наступает через 10-20 минут и продолжается обычно после однократной дозы в течении 3-4 часов и более.
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