Задание 6. WHEELED AND TRACKLAYINGTRACTORS
Переведите письменно текст, выполните задания к тексту WHEELED AND TRACKLAYINGTRACTORS Wheeled tractors occupy an important place on the farm as a source of power, and on many farms, they, together with trucks, have entirely displaced horses for farm work. An advantage of tractor power over the horse is that the tractor can be used continuously for heavy work. In addition to pulling implements like ploughs and cultivators, a wheeled tractor may be used with implements for bush clearing, ditch-filling and land-levelling. Small tractors of from 1 to 10 horsepower, fitted with single-or twin-powered petrol engines, may be used for garden and orchard work. Wheeled tractors may be further subdivided into standard and row-crop types. Standard wheeled tractors are used for general farm work and do not have special features associated with row-crop tractors. Row-crop tractors can be used for all ordinary purposes, but in addition they are specially designed for working on root and other row crops. The main difference between the general-purpose tractor and the tracklayer is the replacement of the four wheels by two endless tracks. These tracks transmit the power and the weight of the tractor to the soil and it is therefore able to pull or push very heavy loads. The weight of the crawler is distributed over a large track area and this keeps damage to a wet soil to a minimum, and allows a tracklayer to operate under conditions unsuitable for wheeled tractors. It is steered by controlling the speed of one track relative to the other. Hydraulic power is available for the operation of external equipment but PTO and three-point linkage are seldom fitted. Also, the work it can perform on the farm is limited and therefore tracklayers are used as farm tractors only on heavy land arable farms, where they can work in conditions unsuitable for wheeled tractors. They are used for heavy tasks such as mole drainage and earth moving.
Ответьте на вопросы к тексту: What is the advantage of tractor power over horsepower? What tractors are used for garden and orchard work? What kinds of wheeled tractors do you know? What is the difference between wheeled and tracklayer? Вставьте пропущенное слово: (Crops, pulling, engines, internal-combustion, horsepower) Ploughs and cultivators are _______ implements. Nearly all farm tractors are fitted with ________ engines. Tractors with engines of 10 to 23 _______ are considered small farm tractors. Some small orchard tractors are fitted with single-cylinder ________. Row-crop tractors are designed for working on row ___________. Переведите следующие предложения: Row-crop tractors are adapted for cultivating row-crops as well as for ordinary work such as plowing, harrowing, and so on. Standard wheeled tractors do not have the special features associated with row-crop tractors. There are many kinds of implements used for bush clearing, ditch filling and land levelling. Farm tractors are fitted with internal-combustion engines.
Вариант 8. Задание 1. Подберите к следующим вопросам ответы: 1. Have you got any money? 1. About twenty. 2. Is it pleasant to work with 2. She did it fast. good-natured people, isn`t it? 3. How did she do her work: fast or slow? 3. Yes, it is. 4. How many cigars had been smoked? 4. No, I have not. Образуйте вопросы по образцу: You can't speak Spanish. – You can't speak Spanish, can you? 5. My sister was out at 12 p.m. 6. They haven't been in Rome. Составьте вопрос, на который это предложение может быть ответом. 7. No, my grandmother has not bought this book. Поставьте глагол Past Perfect, Past Simple или Past Continuous и переведите предложения. 8. When we (to come) to the station, the train already (to leave). 9. He (to thank) me for what I (to do) for him. 10. Suddenly I (to remember) that I (to leave) my exercise book at home. Заполнить пропуски, поставив глагол в скобках в нужную форму (в будущее совершенное время). 11. If she can do it then she … (fulfill) her mission. 12. Mike … (leave) by the end of the week.
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