Food Industry Equipment

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There are a lot of machines and apparatuses used in various branches of food industry: in bread-making, meat and dairy processing, brewing, sugar refinery, confectionary and other branches. They are: kneader, refrigerating installations in meat packing plants, moulding and panning machines which shapes the dough pieces into loaf form, and automatically drops them into baking pans; battery of chocolate liquor press, etc.

When designing processes for the food industry the following performance parameters may be taken into account:

-hygiene, e.g. measured by number of micro-organisms per mL of finished product;

-energy efficiency measured e.g. by “ton of steam per ton of sugar produced”;

-minimization of waste, measured e.g. by “percentage of peeling loss during the peeling of potatoes”;

-labour used, measured e.g. by “number of working hours per ton of finished product”;

-minimization of cleaning stops measured e.g. by “number of hours between cleaning stops”.

We pay attention to a centrifugal compressor, a kneader reactor and conveyers.

A kneader reactor (or kneading reactor) is a machine that specializes in mixing and kneading substances, particularly those with high viscosity. Many industries, such as the food industry, utilize machines similar to the kneader reactor to produce goods. For example, chewing gum can be produced using these machines. Although the machine has existed for decades, kneader reactors are only recently gaining popularity in the processing industry.

Centrifugal compressors, sometimes termed radial compressors, are a sub-class of dynamic axi-symmetric work-absorbing turbo-machinery.

The idealized compressive dynamic turbo-machine achieves a pressure rise by adding kinetic energy/velocity to a continuous flow of fluid through the rotor or impeller. This kinetic energy is then converted to an increase in potential energy/static pressure by slowing the flow through a diffuser. The pressure rise in impeller is in most cases almost equal to the rise in the diffuser section.

There are portable, stationary and mobile belt conveyers. Portable belt conveyers are intended for piece and loose loads. Stationary belt conveyers are designed for horizontal and inclined conveying piece and loose loads. The roller carriage for piece loads is of plate type, for loose loads of grooved type. The tensioning device is of the screw, load or car type. Mobile belt conveyer is designed for mechanization of loading\unloading operations. Lifting and lowering of the conveyer is accomplished using a screw-typed mechanism.