Comparing stories. In what ways does the life of this modern-day young woman differ from that of other women in the stories you have read in this collection (particularly Lorna
In what ways does the life of this modern-day young woman differ from that of other women in the stories you have read in this collection (particularly Lorna in " You Should Have Seen the Mess", Naomi in " Sweet Sixteen" or Anna in " Mannequin"). Your teacher may ask you to do this task as homework and discuss your comparisons in one of the next lessons. оглавление Предисловие..................................................................................................... 3
A Guide for complex stylistic analysis............................................................ 4 Murray Bail " The Silence".............................................................................. 5
Understanding the story.................................................................................. 11 Style and language.......................................................................................... 11 Further discussion........................................................................................... 11 Muriel Spark " You Should Have Seen the Mess"........................................ 13
Understanding the story.................................................................................. 21 Style and language.......................................................................................... 21 Further discussion........................................................................................... 22 Doris Lessing " Through the tunnel"............................................................ 23
Understanding the story.................................................................................. 35 Style and language.......................................................................................... 36 Further discussion........................................................................................... 36 John Wain " Manhood".................................................................................. 37
Understanding the story.................................................................................. 49 Style and language.......................................................................................... 50 Further discussion........................................................................................... 50 James Joyce " Counterparts"......................................................................... 51
Understanding the story.................................................................................. 65 Style and language.......................................................................................... 66 Further discussion........................................................................................... 66 E. M. Forster " Other Side of the Hedge"..................................................... 67
Understanding the story.................................................................................. 74 Style and language.......................................................................................... 74 Further discussion........................................................................................... 75 James Thurber " Secret Life of Walter Mitty"............................................... 76
Understanding the story.................................................................................. 83 Style and language.......................................................................................... 84 Further discussion........................................................................................... 84 John Steinbeck " The Murder"...................................................................... 85
Understanding the story............................................................................... 100 Style and language........................................................................................ 101 Further discussion......................................................................................... 101 Alan Sillitoe " On Saturday Afternoon"..................................................... 103
Understanding the story............................................................................... 114 Style and language........................................................................................ 114 Further discussion......................................................................................... 115 Elizabeth Bowen " The Demon Lover"....................................................... 116
Understanding the story............................................................................... 125 Style and language........................................................................................ 126 Further discussion......................................................................................... 126 Katherine Mansfield " Feuille d`Album".................................................... 127
Understanding the story............................................................................... 135 Style and language........................................................................................ 136 Points for discussion..................................................................................... 136 Ernest Hemingway " Indian Camp"............................................................ 137
Understanding the story............................................................................... 142 Style and language........................................................................................ 142 Further discussion......................................................................................... 143 Michelene Wandor " Sweet Sixteen"........................................................... 144
Understanding the story............................................................................... 149 Style and language........................................................................................ 149 Points for discussion..................................................................................... 150 Jonathan Carroll " Waiting to Wave"........................................................ 151
Understanding the story............................................................................... 157 Style and language........................................................................................ 157 Points for discussion..................................................................................... 158 Graham Greene " The Case for the Defence"............................................. 159
Understanding the story............................................................................... 164 Style and language........................................................................................ 164 Points for discussion..................................................................................... 165 Virginia Woolf " Uncle Vanya"................................................................... 166
Understanding the story............................................................................... 168 Discussion and comment.............................................................................. 168 Summary and composition.......................................................................... 169 Comparing stories......................................................................................... 169 Saiki (Hector Hugh Munro) " The Open Window".................................... 170
Understanding the story............................................................................... 174 Discussion and comment.............................................................................. 174 Summary and composition.......................................................................... 175 Comparing stories......................................................................................... 175 Jean Rhys " Mannequin".............................................................................. 176
Understanding the story............................................................................... 183 Discussion and comment.............................................................................. 183 Summary and composition.......................................................................... 184 Comparing stories......................................................................................... 184 Mei Chi Chan " Snowdrop"........................................................................ 185
Understanding the story............................................................................... 189 Style and language........................................................................................ 189 Discussion and comment.............................................................................. 189 Summary and composition.......................................................................... 190 Comparing stories......................................................................................... 190
Букина Вера Александровна
Analytical Reading
Учебно-методическое пособие по аналитическому чтению на английском языке
Подписано в печать 24.01.2011. Формат 60х84/16. Усл. печ. л.. Тираж экз. Заказ №.
Редакционно-издательский отдел Московского государственного областного гуманитарного института.
[1] to squat = to sit on one's heels [2] Aborigine = a native inhabitant of Australia [3] singlet = a sleeveless running vest [4] garbage = rubbish [5] to scatter = to throw in all directions [6] to burrow = to dig a tunnel [7] to labour = to work hard [8] to thud = to make a heavy, low sound [9] to strode – strode- strode = to walk with long, firm steps [10] sweat=perspiration [11] carcass= dead of body of an animal [12] To clunk=to make a dull, heavy noise [13] sport (Australian slang) = mate [14] cuppa = cup of tea [15] to gulp = to swallow quickly [16] to slurp = to drink noisily [17] juice (slang) = petrol [18] grub (slang) = food [19] to throb = to beat dully [20] saltbush = low desert bushes [21] billy (Ausrtalian slang) = can for boiling water [22] to part=to separate [23] to tread-trod-trodden=(here) to walk slowly [24] to poke around=to move around inspecting things [25] rowdy=excessively noisy [26] scrape = (here) the sound made when two hard objects are rubbed together [27] to leap - leapt - leapt = to jump very vigorously [28] intruder a; a person who comes when he is not expected or wanted [29] dingo = wild Australian dog [30] mottle = marks or spots on the skin [31] bow-legged = with legs curved outwards, like bows [32] to crouch = to squat [33] to weave = (here) to travel in a zig-zag around obstacles [34] to rev up = to accelerate a motor or engine [35] bumper-bar = protective bar at the front and back of a vehicle [36] intently = very carefully [37] to clamber = to climb clumsily [38] what's-his-name = a phrase used when you cannot remember a person's name [39] gloss = paint that shines like water [40] to chip = to break a piece of material (paint etc.) off the edge of an object [41] solicitor = lawyer and notary [42] element = (here) the porcelain tubes of a gas fire which glow red-hot and give out the heat [43] box file = a flat cardboard box in which documents are kept. [44] to crumple = to press a piece of paper (cloth, metal etc.) together so that it is no longer smooth and flat [45] enough saucers to go round = enough saucers for everybody [46] to go into = to discuss, to mention [47] the facilities = (here) the toilets [48] to harbour = to offer a place of safety [49] germs = bacteria [50] Telly (slang) = television, TV [51] rickety = unstable, shaky [52] to do (a room) up = to redecorate [53] spick and span = clean and tidy [54] agency = (here) employment agency [55] well spoken = speaking with an educated accent [56] prescription = doctors's written order for medicine which the patient takes to a chemist's [57] maternity dress = loose dress worn by pregnant women for five of six months before their babies are born [58] lino = linoleum, floor covering [59] shabby = old and worn [60] garments = clothes [61] to evict = to throw someone out of his flat or house [62] houseproud = someone who keeps the house very tidy could be called " houseproud" [63] to pee (vulgar) = to urinate, to pass water [64] to make a match for someone = to introduce a girl to a boy with a view to marriage [65] to take someone up = (here) to take an interest in someone [66] orphan = child or young person whose parents have both died [67] down and out = without a home or steady job, (here) shabbily dressed [68] to make a comparison with = Lorna probably means: to make a change from [69] help=home help, a person who comes for a few hours each day to clean the house [70] labour ward = the part of a hospital in which babies are born [71] carry-cot = small, box-like, portable bed for small babies [72] gob (slang) = mouth [73] tumble-down = ready to fall down, likely to collapse [74] to re-house someone = to move someone from an old building to a new (Council) house [75] to keep at someone = to continually put pressure on someone [76] to condemn (a house) = to say that a house is not fit for people to live in [77] Welfare Centre = a room in a block of council flats where the residents can go for group activities or for help from social workers etc. [78] social intercourse = a rather pompous term for " communal activities", " conversation", etc. [79] to make a pass at a girl = to try to kiss, to make (unwelcome) amorous advances at a girl [80] tramp = homeless vagabond, usually dressed in very old clothes [81] primrose = creamy yellow, the colour of the primrose flower [82] equality = the state of being equal to, on the same level with someone [83] greasy = covered in grease or fat [84] to ooze = to pass slowly through a small opening (usually used of thick liquids like mud, artists' paint etc.) [85] frown = opposite of a smile [86] conscientiously = showing a sense of duty [87] tolong for something = to want something very much [88] contrition = a sense of guilt [89] chivalry =here) politeness, protectiveness [90] to blurt out = to say something suddenly and without thinking [91] unbearable = too difficult to bear or put up with [92] an only child = a child who has no brothers or sisters [93] a widow = a woman whose husband is dead [94] devotion = deep, strong love [95] to gain = (here) to reach [96] a scoop = (here) a half-moon shape [97] fringed = edged [98] promontory = a thin strip of land which stretches into the sea [99] inlet = an arm of the sea which stretches into the land [100] to stain = to colour (usually wood, glass, textiles etc.) [101] to gleam = to shine brightly [102] limb = arm or leg [103] buoyant = capable of carrying or supporting [104] cape = piece of land that stretches far out into the sea [105] a scatter = (here) a number of objects spread out in no definite order [106] at a stone's throw = not too close [107] a craving = an uncontrollable desire [108] alert = watchful [109] supplication = a humble prayer [110] to stray from = to wander away from [111] to haul oneself up = to pull oneself up with difficulty [112] to poise oneself = to balance oneself (before jumping etc.) [113] sleek = smooth [114] a yell = a loud, frightened shout [115] to splutter = (here) to spit out water [116] a gasp = a sudden, deep breath [117] to chatter = to talk quickly [118] to grope = to feel one's way in the dark [119] a school = (here) a swarm of fish [120] to loom (up) at = to appear in an indistinct and threatening way [121] to bob = to move quickly up and down [122] to sting = to give a short, sharp pain [123] a feat = a difficult and often dangerous action or task [124] gravely = seriously [125] to plead = to beg [126] to waggle = to move quickly from side to side [127] to surge = to push forward suddenly and strongly [128] thigh = upper part of the leg [129] fanged = (here) having sharp teeth (= fangs) [130] to be flushed = (here) (to be red (after exposure to the sun) [131] goggles = protective glasses worn by motor-cyclists, swimmers etc. [132] to pant = to breath rapidly when one is excited or out of breath [133] defiant = showing open resistance or disobedience [134] to beseech = to plead, to ask in a begging way [135] inquisitive = expressing curiosity or suspicion [136] casually = (here) in a slow, unworried way [137] to nag = (here) to repeat a request continuously [138] to pester = to annoy someone (with constantly repeated requests) [139] to grab = to take something roughly and selfishly [140] to waver = to move unsteadily to and fro [141] slate = smooth grey stone that splits easily into thin layers [142] a dart = (here) a quick movement [143] to swerve off = to turn quickly to the side [144] sequin = tiny metal disc usually sewn on ladies' clothing [145] minute = very tiny [146] innumerable = too many to count [147] sheer = vertically upwards [148] tufted = (here) carrying tufts or small bunches [149] a chestful = the amount of air needed to fill one's lungs [150] to hug = to hold very close [151] obstacle = object which prevents one from moving forward [152] to clamber = to climb with difficulty using one's hands and feet [153] to cling to = to hold very tightly to something [154] clung = past tense of " cling" [155] to be jammed = to be pushed into a small opening so tightly that movement is impossible [156] clammy = cold, wet and clinging [157] frond = long, thin leaf of a water plant of fern etc. [158] bled = past tense of " bleed" [159] dizzy = unable to keep one's balance [160] to overdo something = to do a thing for too long, to work too hard [161] a torment = something which causes severe bodily or mental pain [162] persistence = ability to carry on doing something (often a difficult task) [163] jut = a piece of something that sticks out [164] incredulous = full of disbelief [165] strain = (here) showing signs of discomfort [166] authorized = (here) made official [167] limp = not stiff or firm but loose [168] to throb = to pulsate, usually used of repeated spasms of dull pain [169] to tremble = to shake or shiver [170] to wriggle = to move one's body like a worm [171] rock-bound = surrounded by rock [172] to inflate = to fill with air [173] to pulse = to throb, to beat with a regular, dull movement [174] slimy = wet and slippery [175] to tangle = (here) to wrap itself around [176] panicky = caused by panic or fear [177] convulsive = accompanied by a sudden contraction and expansion [178] to pale = to grow lighter in colour [179] to swell = to grow larger [180] to pound = to beat very hard [181] feeble = without strength [182] a lapse = (here) a fall [183] to clutch = to (reach out and) hold very tightly [184] to clot = when blood thickens it forms clots [185] a gout = a large splash of thick, spilled liquid [186] to scoop up = to lift up in the hollowed hand [187] to fling - flung - flung = to throw violently [188] glazed-looking = looking as if they were covered with thin glass [189] to fuss = to show unnecessary nervous excitement [190] swiftly = rapidly [191] to free-wheel = to cycle downhill without moving the pedals [192] haunch = the upper part of the leg where it joins the body [193] a rise = (here) a gently sloping hill [194] the fatigue barrier = like the sound barrier - a borderline which one has to cross in order to defeat tiredness and exhaustion [195] to wear off = to become less painful, attractive, distinct etc. [196] sullen = silently and quietly bad-tempered [197] to slide - slid - slid = to move smoothly along a surface [198] full-length = the whole length of one's body [199] to row = to move a boat through the water using long sticks, flat at the ends, called oars [200] aware = realizing [201] to nag = to constantly criticize or keep repeating a request [202] a corpse = a dead human being [203] awkward = difficult, causing trouble [204] a punch-ball = an oval ball usually fixed to the floor on an elastic stand and used by boxers to practise their hits or " punches" [205] to drag = to pull a heavy object along the ground: (here) to force someone to do something he doesn't really want to do [206] Insecurity = lack of stability - either physical, mental, social etc. [207] a heritage = what has been passed on to one generation by a preceding one; (here) the results of what one has - or has not - done earlier in one's life [208] common sense = practical knowledge of what is right or wrong gained from direct experience in life, not from book-learning [209] to beam = to smile very happily [210] to deal - dealt - dealt = to distribute; (here) to deal a blow = to hit [211] to peel something off = to pull off something that fits tightly [212] to pad- to fill something with a soft material for added comfort or to prevent injury [213] to slip something on = to put on a piece of clothing without fastening it conscientious 7 conscientious = guided by a sense of duty 8 to aim at something = to point a hand, gun, spear etc. at something with the idea of hitting it
[214] a landmark = an easily recognizable geographical feature; (here) an important happening in a person's life [215] attentively = giving close attention [216] weave = the way the yam (or threads) of a piece of cloth are linked together to form the cloth [217] a trial game = a game in which a sportsman's suitability to become a member of a team is tested [218] biceps = the large muscle at the top of the arm [219] weight = boxers are classified by weight: flyweight, heavyweight etc. [220] tournament = sports or games competition where Individuals or members of a team play against each other in pairs (chess, boxing, show-jumping etc.) [221] to compress = to press together very firmly [222] brain = the grey material inside the head with which we think [223] skull = the case of bones which surrounds the brain [224] to be in charge of something = to be responsible for something [225] to stuff = to push a large item into a small hole or space [226] a satchel = a bag made of leather, plastic or canvas in which British schoolchildren carry their school books [227] hot-eyed = with eyes full of anger [228] school badge = most British schools have not only an official uniform but an official emblem often heraldic – which identifies them as members of a particular school [229] to sew - sewed - sewed/sewn = to fix one piece of cloth to another using a needle and thread or sewing machine [230] to sob = to make sharp, breathing noises when one is crying 4 to quack = to make the kind of noise that ducks make 5 a tout = a brutal, bad-mannered person 6 to take a grip on oneself = to pull oneself together, to control one's emotions 7 a (boxing) ring = the square platform on which boxing matches take place [234] to make a fuss = (here) to show one's worries or emotions openly [235] appendicitis = disease of the small, worm-like extension of the intestine which often requires an operation to cure [236] deceitful = a person who tells a lie or pretends that something is true when it is not is deceitful [237] my pet = (here) my darling [238] to jabber = to talk quickly and in a high voice, so that understanding is difficult [239] a flannel = a piece of cloth used for washing one's face or body [240] M.A. = Master of Arts - normally the second academic degree (after B.A. - Bachelor of Arts) awarded by a British university to students of non-scientific subjects. The next-higher degree is that of Doctor of Philosophy. [241] lead = a soft, heavy metal, chemical symbol [242] hearty = excessively cheerful, often used, as here, in a slightly negative sense [243] to go in for something = to organize something or participate in it [244] curriculum = list of subjects and activities taught at a school or university [245] to hesitate = to wait for a moment before doing something, as if in doubt as to the correctness of the action [246] tube = (here) speaking tube, primitive type of telephone used 80 years ago [247] to pierce = to cut a hole with a sharp point [248] Blast him! = Damn him! Curse him! [249] to buldge = to swell outwards [250] vexation = anger at something unimportant [251] gold-rimmed = with gold edges [252] to shirk = to avoid (responsibility, work etc.) [253] a course = a full meal consists of several courses: soup, main course, dessert etc. [254] to mind = (here) to remember [255] to gauge = to measure or estimate [256] a sensation = (here) a feeling [257] an order on the cashier = a note ordering the cashier to pay part of his wages in advance [258] Upon my word! = (exclamation) My goodness! [259] to slake a thirst = to get rid of a thirst [260] plaid = cloth with a chequered or tartan pattern [261] rickety = likely to break or collapse [262] furtively = secretly, like a thief [263] a snug = a private room in a pub where a person can drink alone [264] inflamed = swollen and red [265] g. p. = " glass of porter" (dark beer) [266] curate = (Irish) bar assistant [267] at a gulp = swallowing it in one mouthful [268] a caraway seed = a spicy seed that would hide the smell of the beer [269] dusk = time between sunset and complete darkness [270] pungent = sharp and stinging [271] to cram = to push something into a small space [272] to intimate = to indicate indirectly [273] Look sharp! = Be quick! [274] to be sweet on someone = to have an amorous liking for someone [275] to swivel = to turn an object which can rotate on a fixed base [276] jauntily = in a carefree demonstration of self-confidence [277] intently = very carefully, with great attention [278] hot punch = drink made of wine or spirits and hot water [279] to execrate = to curse [280] to revel = to have a happy, lively time [281] a spell of riot = a period of violent behaviour [282] to abstract = (here) to confuse [283] a tirade of abuse = a long, angry speech containing insults [284] manikin = small man [285] utter = complete [286] felicitous = fortunate, lucky [287] stout = rather fat [288] to flush = (here) to turn red [289] a hue = a colour or shade [290] to twitch = to move in quick, uncontrollable movements [291] a dwarf = a small, undersized person [292] impertinent = cheeky [293] ruffian = rough person [294] instanter = (Latin) instantly [295] abject = degrading [296] a hornet's nest = a place full of enemies (hornet = large wasp) [297] to hound someone out = to chase someone away [298] to pull together = to work in harmony [299] two establishments to keep up = two homes to look after [300] to touch someone = (here) to ask someone for money [301] a bob (slang) = a shilling (5p) [302] a pawn office = a place where money is lent [303] the dart (slang) = the solution [304] a crown = a five-shilling piece [305] consignor = person who leaves an article at a pawn-office [306] urchin = small, cheeky child [307] evening edition s= evening newspapers [308] to swish = to make a sound like running water [309] trolley = the small contact wheel between a tram and the electric power wire [310] to preconsider = to think about [311] to stand someone a drink = to buy someone a drink [312] a half-one = half a pint of beer [313] tailors of malt = glasses of Irish whiskey [314] all round = for everybody [315] a retort=a witty reply [316] eclogues = short poems about shepherds and country life [317] to polish off = to finish off [318] to name your poison = to say what you want to drink [319] vivacity = liveliness [320] exhilarating = making lively or happy [321] my nabs = (here) myself (humorous) [322] to bevel off = to turn away [323] to drizzle = to rain in small tine drops [324] a knock-about artiste = a comedian or actor who plays in slapstick comedies [325] to leer = to smile in a way that suggests evil desire [326] to chaff someone = to make fun of someone [327] a tincture (humorous) = a drink [328] a parlour = a private room in a pub [329] mellow = happy and slightly drunk [330] muslin = very thin, tine cotton cloth [331] oblique = diagonal, sideways [332] a sponge = (here) a person who drinks at others' expense 3 biceps= the large muscle at the top of the arm 4 to clasp = to hold firmly, to grasp 5 humiliation = loss of self-respect or dignity 6 a stripling = a half-grown man, a youth 7 peony = garden plant with large red flowers
[338] the knack = the correct way to do something [339] to put in one's gab (slang) = to speak without permission [340] Pony up! (slang) = Drink up! (and get ready to leave) [341] a smahan = (Irish) a little drop [342] sullen-faced = with a face showing silent bad-temper [343] to smoulder = to burn slowly, without flames [344] to reek = to smell strongly [345] fury = intense anger [346] to choke = to prevent from breathing [347] a barracks = a building where soldiers live [348] to loathe = to hate [349] to bawl = to shout [350] to bully = to use strength or power to hurt another, weaker person [351] to peer = to look closely at something, usually in conditions where it is difficult to see [352] a chapel = a small church [353] to whimper = to make weak, frightened sounds, like a small dog [354] a whelp = a young dog [355] to utter = to let out a sound [356] thigh = the top part of the leg [357] a Hail Mary = a Catholic prayer to the Virgin Mary asking for God to forgive a sinner [358] pedometer = instrument that measures distances walked [359] to outstrip someone = to overtake someone, to go faster than someone [360] to jeer = to laugh rudely or without respect [361] resentful = full of bitterness [362] to exhort = to encourage [363] to persevere = to keep on making an effort [364] to oppress = (here) to cause a feeling of discomfort [365] to be strewn = to be covered [366] weary = extremely tired, exhausted [367] prostrate = lying flat on one's face [368] parched = very dry through lack of water [369] a puff = a light breath [370] glint = a reflection of sun on water [371] morbid = diseased, unhealthy [372] to yield = to give in [373] to scrape = to remove by friction [374] to be wedged = to be stuck tightly in a narrow opening or passage [375] to wriggle = to move from side to side like a worm [376] undergrowth = bushes, tall grass or small trees that form a barrier [377] dazed = in a confused condition, shocked [378] beech = forest tree with shiny dark-green leaves and small triangular nuts [379] a fold = (here) a gentle valley [380] meadow = a grass-covered field [381] occupation = (here) being lived in [382] a moat = a circle of water often used to protect a castle [383] to out-distance = to walk faster than [384] to keep step with someone = to move at the same speed as someone [385] to injure = to hurt, to damage [386] to be engaged in = to be busy with [387] startled = surprised and frightened [388] to tear = (here) to run very fast [389] bewildered = very confused [390] to murmur = to speak very quietly [391] an achievement = a success [392] a link = one ring of a chain [393] to span = to bridge a stream or river [394] ivory = the material of which elephants' long teeth are made [395] amazement = great surprise [396] humanity = the human race, mankind [397] to seize = to take hold of something firmly [398] to deny something = to say that something is not true [399] obstinacy = stubbornness, the quality of not giving way [400] to double = to turn around and go in the opposite direction [401] a boundary = a border [402] mankind = the human [403] to be determined = to have made a firm decision [404] cattle = collective and generic term for all cows, bulls and calves [405] to be troubled by = to be very worried at [406] a scythe = a farm implement with a long, curved blade used for cutting grass or corn [407] destiny = goal towards which an individual or group is led by the external forces of fate [408] to wrench = to pull vigorously with a twisting action [409] to overcome = to be too strong for [410] braid = gold or silver thread wound into thick strands and used for decorating uniforms or officers' caps [411] rakishly = at an angle [412] it's spoiling for a hurricane = a hurricane is starting [413] Rev her up! = Increase the engine speed! [414] auxiliary = extra motor which gives more power [415] turret = small tower, steel structure to protect gunners [416] to hurtle = to move forward at great speed [417] hydroplane = a fast motor-boat with a flat bottom [418] grossly = extremely [419] to yell = to shout or scream [420] to be tensed up = to be the opposite of relaxed [421] overshoes = winter shoes worn over normal shoes [422] to race an engine = to speed up a car engine when the car is not moving [423] Pick it up! = Move on! [424] a cop (slang) = a policeman [425] to lurch = to move forward suddenly or drunkenly [426] a parking lot (American) = a car park [427] distraught = upset, extremely worried [428] haggard = looking tired as a result of worry or lack of sleep [429] obstreosis = invented medical term suggesting an obstruction [430] ductal tract = invented medical term: all " tracts" are " ducts"! [431] to take coals to Newcastle (proverb) = to waste time and effort: Newcastle was the town from which coal was sent to other towns [432] an intern(e) = a young doctor who is completing his training at a hospital [433] a fountain pen = a pen with an internal supply of ink [434] coreopsis = invented medical term suggesting a serious complication [435] craven = cowardly [436] grave = serious [437] Mac (American) = form of address to a person whose name you don't know [438] lane = (here) part of the road reserved for one line of traffic [439] to vault = to jump (usually over a gate or fence) [440] insolent = cheeky [441] cocky = Insolent, cheeky [442] chains = snow chains fixed to a car's driving wheels in winter [443] a wrecking car (American) = a breakdown van [444] a sling = a bandage fastened round a person's neck to support a broken arm [445] bicarbonate = (NaHCOs), used as a medicine to cure acidity in the stomach [446] carborundum = hard material made of carbon and silicon and used for polishing metal [447] referendum = a word used out of context simply because it rhymes with " carborundum" [448] the what's-its-name = a word used for a thing you can't remember [449] a buzz = a noise like that made by a bee or other insect [450] to rap = to hit (here: with a hammer) [451] a crack shot = a person who shoots very accurately [452] insinuatingly = suggestively [453] to bicker = to argue about something unimportant [454] pandemonium = complete confusion [455] bedlam = pandemonium, noisy confusion [456] to let someone have it = to hit someone [457] a cur = a dog [458] to be through = to be finished [459] a lobby = an entrance hall [460] cannonading = constant firing of heavy guns [461] to get the wind up in someone = to frighten someone [462] tousled = uncombed [463] the Archies = Walter Mitty's invented nickname for the Germans [464] an ammunition dump = a place where ammunition is stored [465] Spot of brandy? = Would you like a drop of brandy (cognac)? [466] a dugout = a shelter for soldiers made by digging a hole in the ground [467] a rending = a sound of wood breaking [468] a box barrage = another invented word for gunfire coming from all directions towards a target in the centre [469] faint = hardly noticeable [470] fleeting = passing quickly [471] Cheerio! = Good-bye! (typically British) [472] derisive = laughing, expressing contempt [473] a firing squad = a group of soldiers selected to execute a criminal [474] erect = upright [475] disdainful = proud [476] inscrutable = mysterious, difficult to understand [477] range = line of mountains [478] spurs and ridges = a ridge is the top edge of a long mountain and a spur is a ridge stretching out sideways into a valley [479] arroyo = (Spanish) narrow valley cut by a stream [480] sage = (here) silver-grey plant that grows on mountains or dry areas of the USA [481] buttressed = supported by stone columns built against the walls [482] Crusader = soldiers who tried to capture Jerusalem from the Turks in the Middle Ages [483] stratified = in layers [484] battlements = flat roof of a tower or castle from which soldiers can shoot arrows through holes in the wall [485] arrow slit = narrow vertical hole through which soldiers can shoot arrows [486] warped = twisted, bent [487] to defy = to resist openly [488] to trespass = to enter a house or piece of land without the owner's permission [489] morbid = concerned with unhealthy or horrible things [490] plump = rather fat [491] awe = great respect [492] grained = showing the natural lines of the wood [493] manger-rack = rack or holder in which animals' food (usually hay) is placed [494] majority = (here) the age of 21, when a person is no longer a " minor" [495] stock = (here) all the animals on a farm [496] a doe = a female deer [497] bleary = dim, tired-looking [498] bloated = swollen [499] Jelka's father's English is not very good. He means: " She's" [500] He's not like a man = She doesn't like a man [501] to giggle = to laugh in a silly or nervous way [502] to nudge = to push gently (often with the elbow, to attract attention) [503] Scripture = the Bible [504] interminable = endless [505] a range = an open piece of prairie where cattle can feed [506] a stallion = a male horse [507] hostile = unfriendly, like an enemy [508] to whimper = to make a whining noise like a small dog [509] to lapse into = to become once again [510] to crave = to have a great wish for something [511] vulgarity = rudeness or roughness [512] a scabbard = a long leather or metal case to hold a sword or rifle [513] a buckboard = a light cart for passengers and goods [514] to gabble = to talk quickly and incomprehensibly [515] to kneel – knelt – knelt = to rest on one's knees [516] tacked = attached with small nails (= tacks) [517] oats = type of grain used for making porridge or feeding to horses [518] flat = (here) flat field [519] band = line or row 9 to clank = to make a rattling noise of metal on metal
[520] to hitch up a rig = to harness a cart 2 to hatch = chickens hatch out of eggs 3 dusk = the time between sunset and total darkness 4 serge = hard-wearing woollen cloth
[521] a halter = a leather strap put around a horse's head to lead it 2 a bay gelding = a reddish-brown horse that has been castrated 3 halter-strap = strap on a halter which holds the horse's head 4 buckle = metal fastening device as on a belt 5 to cinch = (here) to fasten a saddle 6 bridle = part of the horse's harness which goes over its head and nose 7 throat latch = buckle for the strap under the horse's throat 8 to slip = to remove 9 radiant = shining 10 a carbine = a rifle 11 a cartridge = a cardboard cylinder containing gunpowder and the bullet
[522] velvet = cloth with a thick, soft layer of fine hairs on one side 2 rooster = male chicken 3 to canter = to ride a horse at slightly faster than a trot 4 a springboard = a high place where a stream begins 5 a calf = a young cow or bull 6 a brand = a mark burned on the skin of a calf to indicate its owner
[523] to cut up through = to take a short cut through [524] stilted = stiff and unnatural [525] a grove = a small wood [526] a hogback = a smooth, round hill [527] a hide = an animal skin [528] a pasture = a piece of land on which cattle graze [529] a corral = an enclosure where horses are kept [530] to creep – crept – crept = to walk very quietly and slowly [531] the bit = the part of a horse's harness which is held in its mouth [532] the finish = the polish or paint on a metal or wooden surface [533] to peer = to look at something under difficult conditions, when it is dark or when one is short-sighted [534] to twitch = to move suddenly in a convulsive movement [535] barley = type of grain used for making beer and whiskey [536] mosquito wrigglers = mosquito larvae (they wriggle like snakes in the water) [537] a newt = a small salamander-like creature that lives in water [538] a sob = a sharp breathing sound made by someone who is crying [539] to whisk along = to move along quickly [540] to stir = to move in a circular motion, like a cup of tea [541] to cock a rifle = to prepare it for firing [542] to stir = (here) to move [543] to quiver = to shake slightly [544] the sights = the points at the front and back of a rifle barrel along which one takes aim [545] to jolt = to make a sudden jumping.movement [546] a hollow-point = a bullet with a hollow point which becomes flat on hitting the target [547] to gurgle = to make a sound like a drowning man [548] to shudder = to shake [549] to whine = to make a high-pitched noise like a dog [550] uneasy = restless, worried [551] a pair (of horses) [552] a coroner = an official who decides the causes of sudden deaths [553] to be wrought up = (American) to be nervous and upset [554] to tend to things = to look after things [555] to saunter away = to walk off in a relaxed, unhurried way [556] a comfortoer = (American) a bed cover [557] to dismiss a case = to reject or throw a case out of court [558] Go kind of light (slang) = Don't be too hard [559] to jolt away = to move off in an unsteady way [560] reluctantly = unwillingly [561] viciously = with great force [562] a loaded bull whip = a heavy whip with extra weight (= loaded) [563] a hay-loft = the top part of a barn where the hay is stored [564] a bandana = a neck-scarf [565] gravely = seriously [566] a blowfly = a large fly which feeds on meat or dead animals [567] to struggle = (here) to move with difficulty [568] to limp = to walk stiffly, especially when one leg is injured [569] lumber = wood for building [570] bloke (slang) = man [571] fed-up = unhappy with life, bored [572] 'course (coll.) = of course [573] to string oneself up = to hang oneself [574] he ain't (slang) = he hasn't, he isn't [575] fags (slang) = cigarettes [576] to come for someone = to attack someone [577] Sunday-Joint = as big as a large piece of meat eaten on Sundays [578] maulers (slang) = hands [579] to scrunch = (here) to bend [580] to clear out (slang) = to get out [581] bleddy (dialect) = bloody [582] to hunch = to pull one's back into a round shape [583] broody = thinking sad thoughts [584] to go crackers = to go mad [585] to mash tea (dialect) = to make tea [586] clink (slang) = prison [587] plugged = (here) without the energy to leave, stuck [588] summat (dialect) = something [589] a bookie (slang) = a bookmaker, a man who takes bets on horses, dogs etc. [590] a bookie (slang) = a bookmaker, a man who takes bets on horses, dogs etc. [591] a parson = a vicar in the Church of England [592] to droop = to hang down [593] a square meal = a proper meal [594] to gossip = to talk about other people [595] to trudge = to walk in a tired way [596] a pawnshop = a shop where money is lent in return for a valuable object left as security [597] to 'ang messen wi' (dialect) = to hang myself with [598] to cackle = to laugh loudly, like a hen [599] a good 'un (dialect) = a good one (= joke) [600] a coil = a circle of rope etc. [601] a bogger (dialect, usually «bugger» = silly or nasty person (a taboo word!) [602] it did him for what he wanted =it suited his purpose [603] It wain't (dialect) = It won't [604] to get nettled = to get angry [605] to scram (slang) = to run away, to disappear [606] a fancy knot = a complicated (and nice-looking) knot [607] Shut yer gob (slang) = Shut your mouth [608] pally = friendly [609] bits and bobs (coll.) = bits and pieces, odds and ends [610] a pawn ticket = a receipt from a pawnshop for goods left there [611] coppers (slang) = bronze coins, pennies and halfpennies [612] ter (dialect) = to [613] gi' (dialect) = give [614] like it was (dialect) = as if it was [615] missus (coll.) = wife [616] worse luck (coll.) = what a pity [617] clock (slang) = face [618] mam (dialect) = mum, mother [619] to lead someone a dog's life = to make life very unpleasant for someone [620] to pop = (here) to get larger [621] a goz (dialect) = a look [622] the scouts = the Boy Scouts [623] to have one's cake and eat it = to have a double (advantage) [624] tit for tat = to have something in return for something else [625] a butt-end = the end of a cigarette [626] to sling – slung – slung (coll.) = to throw [627] firegrate = the part of a fireplace where the coal burns [628] to wriggle = to twist from side to side [629] a runner (coll.) = a run [630] Notts Forest = famous football team (Nottingham Forest) [631] muffler = scarf [632] to chafe = to rub together [633] a scarecrow = a large doll used by farmers to frighten birds [634] to flap = to move quickly up and down [635] a dose of salts = an amount of Epsom Salts, magnesium sulphate [636] dizzy = feeling as if things are turning around [637] a thump = a loud blow [638] colic = severe stomach pains [639] to tut-tut = to express disapproval [640] a balls-up (slang) = a mess [641] to slam = to shut violently [642] so's (coll.) = so that (so as) [643] a copper (slang) = a policeman [644] to stride = to walk with long steps [645] to nark (slang) = to inform the police [646] to tip off = to give information to [647] happen (dialect) = perhaps [648] to catch on (coll.) = to understand [649] peepers (slang) = eyes [650] an approved school = a school for young criminals [651] to pinch (slang) = to steal [652] lead = a soft metal, chemical symbol Pb [653] to croak = to make a sound like a frog [654] Nay (dialect) = No [655] to let on to someone = to tell a secret to someone [656] tek (dialect) = to take [657] to be in for it = to be in trouble [658] six-months cold (slang) = six months in prison [659] the Post = a newspaper, the Nottingham Post [660] of an evening (coll.) = in the evenings [661] dishing grub (slang) = serving food [662] to spill (slang) = to tell [663] daft = stupid [664] to cease = to end [665] to chuck (coll.) = to throw [666] issen (dialect) = himself [667] to go for a pee (coll.) = to go to the toilet [668] Not much 'e aint (dialect) = he certainly is (understatement!) [669] bastard = (here) fool [670] a ward = a hospital room with several beds [671] a double-decker = a large bus [672] that= (here) so [673] barmy (coll.) = crazy, mad [674] to go out = (here) to die [675] to scream blue murder = to scream very loud [676] humid = damp or moist [677] a batch = a group [678] a parapet = a wall raised higher than the roof of a house or building [679] to silt up = to become filled with mud, like a river that flows too slowly [680] a latchkey = a key to open the lock on a front door [681] to warp = to become twisted out of shape [682] ajar = slightly open (of doors and windows) [683] to unshutter = to remove the shutters or boards in front of a window [684] prosaic = normal, dull, uninteresting [685] escritoire = writing desk (French word) [686] a bruise = a blue mark left on the skin after a hard knock or blow [687] to seep in = to come in through a small opening or crack? [688] hearth = fireplace [689] a caretaker = a man who looks after a building [690] a shaft = a long thin ray [691] refracted = bent aside [692] a circular = a printed letter sent to many people [693] negligence = lack of responsibility, carelessness [694] rank = luxuriant, with too many leaves, too tall (grass) [695] to feel intruded upon = to feel that one is being watched [696] contemptuous of = with no respect for [697] stealthily = secretly and quietly [698] assent = approval, giving permission [699] intermittent = coming and going [700] a flicker = (here) a sudden movement [701] precipitately = suddenly [702] a chest = a large wooden box for storing clothes etc. [703] apprehension = fear or unhappy feeling about the future [704] a leave = a short holiday for soldiers, airmen etc. [705] to intimidate = to frighten, to fill with fear [706] spectral = ghostly [707] a drawing-room = a room in a large house where guests go after meals (= withdrawing room – to withdraw = to leave) [708] to catch one's breath = to take a sudden, inward breath of excitement, fear etc. [709] a fiance = a man whom a woman has promised to marry [710] to perceive = to notice [711] to drive down between = to separate [712] all human kind = the whole human race [713] to be foresworn = to be rejected [714] to plight a troth (old-fashioned) = to give a promise (especially of marriage) [715] without stint = without limit, without sparing oneself [716] to console = to comfort [717] dislocation = (here) separation, estrangement [718]on this score = in this matter [719] to court a girl = to try to win a girl's love [720] arboreal = with many trees [721] to circumscribe = to limit [722] desuetude = unusualness [723] to rally oneself = to regain one's strength, confidence etc. [724] to dwell == (here) to remain thinking about [725] to fly = (here) to run away [726] a keystone = a stone that holds the other stones of an arch together [727] cut off = (here) disconnected [728] to tug = to pull hard [729] flight = escape (from: to fly) [730] to be set on someone = to be determined to marry someone [731] acuteness = clarity, sharpness [732] weal = mark left on the skin by a sharp object, scar [733] to slip = to walk unobserved and quietly [734] passe air = air that has not been renewed, used air [735] to emanate = to come [736] a thoroughfare = a main road [737] a creek = a small river; (here) a little-used road [738] a tread = a footstep [739] to debouch = to open out onto like a river into the sea) [740] a perambulator (old-fashioned) = a pram [741] a barrow = a handcart with one wheel at the front [742] a taxi rank = a section of the street where taxis wait for customers [743] to pant = (here) to come running up out of breath (= panting) [744] to recollect = to remember [745] a jolt = a sudden bump [746] to fling - flung - flung = to threw [747] an aperture = an opening [748] to issue = to give, to make a sound [749] to make off with someone = to run away with a person [750] feuille d'album = poem or contribution written in an album [751] tortoise stove = slow-burning, iron stove (brand name of a stove with the trade mark of a tortoise and the slogan: Stow but sure) [752] to drift = to move slowly and without a goal, like something floating on water [753] to pout = to push one's lips forward [754] wrung = twisted (to wring - wrung - wrung) like one twists a wet cloth to press out the water [755] crimson = bright red [756] tender = gentle [757] to rouse = to awaken or excite s.o. [758] gloom = darkness [759] to turn a hair = to show any signs of emotion [760] to blossom forth = to open up like a flower (= blossom) [761] rag-time = jazz [762] show = art exhibition [763] fishy = suspicious [764] daisy = simple wild flower with white petals and a yellow centre which grows in most gardens and meadows [765] mournful = sad, dreary [766] to gteam = to shine [767] forlorn = very sad [768] concierge = (French) = caretaker [769] to ladle out = to take out of a saucepan with a large spoon (= ladle) [770] tit-bit = especially delicious item of food, news etc. [771] to loll = to lie around lazily [772] bead cushion = cushion ornamented with small glass pearls [773] to perch = to sit like a bird on a branch or (in a cage) a wooden rod (= perch) [774] fringe=edge [775] shabby = worn and threadbare (of clothes), not in good condition (of houses etc.) [776] frill = ornamentation around the edge of a hat, skirt, dress etc. (often unnecessary) [777] booth = small, box-
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142611, Московская область, г. Орехово-Зуево, ул. Зеленая, д.22.
