Advantages

Another advantage to CAAD is the two way mapping of activities and functionalities. The two instances of mapping are indicated to be between the surface structures (TM1) and the deep structures (TM2). These mappings are abstractions that are introduced in order to discuss the process of design and deployment of CAAD systems. In designing the systems the system developers usually consider TM1. Here a one-to-one mapping is the typical statement, which is to develop a computer based functionality that maps as closely as possible into a corresponding manual design acti-vity, for example, drafting of stairs, checking spatial conflict between building systems, and generating perspectives from orthogonal views. The architectural design processes tend to integrate models isolated so far. Many different kinds of expert knowledge, tools, visualization techniques, and media are to be combined. The design process covers the complete life
cycle of the building. The areas that are covered are construction, operations, reorganization, as well as destruction. Considering the shared use of digital design tools and the exchange of information and knowledge
between designers and across different projects, we speak of a design
continuum.

An architect’s work involves mostly visually represented data. Problems are often outlined and dealt with in a graphical approach. Only this form of expression serves as a basis for work and discussion. Therefore, the designer should have maximum visual control over the processes ta-king place within the design continuum. Further questions occur about navigation, associative information access, programming and communication within very large data sets.

ArchiCAD is an architectural BIM CAD software for Macintosh and Windows developed by the Hungarian company Graphisoft. ArchiCAD offers specialized solutions for handling all common aspects of aesthetics and engineering during the whole design process of the built environment – buildings, interiors, urban areas, etc.

Development of ArchiCAD started in 1982 for the original Apple Macintosh. ArchiCAD is recognized as the first CAD product on a personal computer able to create both 2D drawings and parametric 3D geometry. In its debut in 1987 ArchiCAD also became the first implementation of BIM under Graphisoft’s «Virtual Building» concept. Today more than 100 000 architects are using it in the building design industry.

AutoCAD Architecture (abbreviated as ACA) is a version of Autodesk's flagship product, AutoCAD, with tools and functions specially suited to architectural work.

Architectural objects have a relationship to one another and interact with each other intelligently. For example, a window has a relationship to the wall that contains it. If you move or delete the wall, the window reacts accordingly. Objects can be represented in both 2D and 3D.

In addition, intelligent architectural objects maintain dynamic links with construction documents and specifications, resulting in more accurate project deliverables. When someone deletes or modifies a door, for example, the door schedule can be automatically updated. Spaces and areas update automatically when certain elements are changed, calculations such as square footage are always up to date.

 

Учебное издание

 

 

Попова Ирина Юрьевна

Рыбина Ирина Рудольфовна

Английский язык для бакалавров

 

Учебное пособие

 

Редактор Т.Д. Васильева

Технический редактор Т.П. Прокудина

 

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное

учреждение высшего профессионального образования

«Государственный университет - учебно-научно-

производственный комплекс»

 

Подписано к печати 02.07.2014 г. Формат 60×84 1/16.

Усл. печ. л. 17,5. Тираж 100 экз.

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Отпечатано с готового оригинал-макета

на полиграфической базе ФГБОУ ВПО «Госуниверситет - УНПК»,

302030, г. Орел, ул. Московская, 65.

 

И.Ю. Попова

И.Р. Рыбина