Учебно-методическое пособие
для студентов естественнонаучных специальностей и направлений
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Simple to read
Continuous to be reading
Perfect to have read
Continuous Perfect to have been writing
Passive:
Simple to be read
Perfect to have been read
Пример на употребление сложных форм инфинитива:
It is better to have reached no agreement than to be reaching it on the spot or the agreement to have been reached earlier than needed. Лучше если к соглашению не прийти, чем прийти к нему необдуманно или если к решению пришли раньше, чем это необходимо.
Внимание! Вы делаете ошибки:
1. Перевод It как это
1. It is often more difficult to find and to formulate a problem than to
solve it. Гораздо труднее найти и сформулировать проблему чем решить ее.
2.Перевод инфинитива в составе сказуемого в сочетании с глаголом FAIL
No one could complain that the manager had failed to make his viewpoint clear.
Никто не мог пожаловаться, что руководитель не смог донести свою мысль.
3.Инфинитив в начале предложения!!!!!!
1. То reproach himself for his cousin's death was only natural.
Упрекать себя в смерти родственника было совершенно естественно для него.
2. To inspect the big car from various angles, Sam used a torch.
Для того чтобы осмотреть машину Сэм воспользовался фонарем.
3. Инфинитив в функции определения.
You must define the task to be done
Вы должны определить задачу, которую надо выполнить.
4. Внимание!!! Конструкции с инфинитивом:
1/ They wanted their managers to accept change. Сложное дополнение
Они хотели, чтобы руководители согласились с изменениями.
2/ They were known to have accepted change. Сложное подлежащее
Было из вестно, что они согласились с изменениями.
3/ The most important thing was for the mangers to accept change. Конструкция с присоединительным элементом FOR который не надо переводить ДЛЯ
Самым важным было то, чтобы руководитель согласились с изменениями.
B. Формы герундия:
Active:
Simple writing
Perfect having written
Passive:
Simple being written
Perfect having been written
Примеры на сложные формы герундия:
I hate being interrupted.
Я терпеть не могу, когда меня перебивают.
He is proud of having won the first prize.
Oн гордится тем, что получил первую премию.
Не забывайте при переводе герундиальной конструкции о возможности перевода с русским парным союзом то… что
The manger examined the possibility of his subordinate not having been very good at his job.
Руководитель оценил возможность того, что его подчиненный недостаточно хорошо выполняет свою работу.
ВНИМАНИЕ!!!!! Это самый полный список глаголов с DEPENDENT PREPOSITIONS
Посмотрите! Все они будут брать после себя дополнение с герундием и существительным через предлого, который может не совпадать с предлогом в русском языке.
They have approved of our being there.
Они одобрили то, что мы находимся здесь. (В русском нет предлога после глагола одобрять!!!!)
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| Approve of
| careful about
| have (little) chance of
|
| Arrest sb for
| cautious about;
| have different
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| Assist with
| channelled into
| approach to
|
| Ban from
| close to
| have difficulty (in)
|
| Bar from
| committed to
| have a habit of
|
| be against
| concerned with
| have intention of
|
| Benefit by
| confident of
| have no chance of
|
| Blackmail into
| consistent with
| have the
|
| Blame for
| constrained from
| opportunity of
|
| Block from
| credited with
| have a reputation for
|
| Boast of
| critical to
| have role in
|
| Caution against
| dedicated to
| have trouble
|
| Charge with
| different from
| make attempt at
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| Commit to
| different to
| make a habit of
|
| Compensate sb for
| disappointed at
| make a step in
|
| Complain about
| distressed about
| make the mistake of
|
| Complain of
| efficient at
| make the objective
|
| Conceive of
| effective in
| of doing sth
|
| Concentrate on
| engaged in
| achievable
|
| Confess to
| essential to
| meet the need for
|
| Congratulate sb for
| euphoric over
| place emphasis on
|
| Congratulate sb on
| fascinated with
| play a great part in
|
| Contribute to
| a far cry from
| put effort(s) into
|
| Consist of
| far from
| run the risk of
|
| Convict of
| fond of
| save sb the trouble of
|
| Convince into
| frustrated at
| stand a (good)
|
| Count on
| good at
| better
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| Credit with
| (un)happy at
| chance of
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| Depend on/upon
| important to
| stand in danger of
|
| Deter from
| indifferent to
| stress/emphasize
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| Detract from
| in danger of
| one's commitment
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| Direct at
| in the process of
| to
|
| Discourage from
| innocent of
| take a step in
|
| Dissuade from
| instrumental in
| take great pleasure in
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| Dream of
| intent on
| take care of
|
| End with
| interested in
| take over
|
| Fine sb for
| justified in
| responsibility for
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| Focus on
| lax about
| There is a talk of
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| Forbid from
| like
| There is no (little)
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| Force into
| obsessed with
| point in
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| Forgive sb for
| on the point of
| There is no
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| Hear of
| opposed to
| (denying)
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| Hesitate in
| optimistic about
| There is nothing
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| Hinder from
| prone to
| wrong with
|
| Inhibit from
| proud of
| There is no point in
|
| Insist on
| responsible for
| There is no
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| Intimidate into
| right in
| question of
|
| Keep from
| skilled at
| run the risk of
|
| Lure into
| scared of
| What about...?
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| Mislead to
| slow in
| when it comes to
|
| Object to
| sorry for
| cannot help
|
| Oppose to
| successful at
| can't stand
|
| Opt against
| suited to
| feel like
|
| Persist in
| tired of
| look like
|
| Persist with
| used to
| as well as
|
| Plan on
| wary of
| As for
|
| Praise sb for
| Worth
| Far from
|
| Preclude from
| wrong in
| In addition to
|
| Pressure into
| become obsessed
| In terms of
|
| Prevent sb from
| With
| In the event of
|
| Pride oneself on
| get far in
| In the name of
|
| Prohibit from
| get used to
| rather than
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| Protect from
|
| for fear of
|
| Protest over
| Фразовые глаголы
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| Punish sb for
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| Существительные
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| Quarrel with sb
| be fed up with
| + предлог
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| About/over
| be for
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| Reckon on
| carry on
| advantage to
|
| Refrain from
| carry out
| alternative to
|
| Rely on
| cope with
| approach to
|
| Reproach for
| deal with
| attempt at
|
| Reproach with
| end up
| chance of
|
| Reprove for
| feel up to
| contribution to
|
| Resign from
| get over
| cooperation on
|
| Resort to
| give up
| delay in
|
| Respect sb for
| go on
| effort in, effort at
|
| Restrain sb from
| go towards
| the fact of
|
| Restrict sth to
| go without
| the hope for, hope of
|
| Reward sb for
| keep on
| (be) the key to
|
| Sicken of
| look forward to
| mistake of
|
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|
|
| Approve of
| careful about
| have (little) chance of
|
| Arrest sb for
| cautious about;
| have different
|
| Assist with
| channelled into
| approach to
|
| Ban from
| close to
| have difficulty (in)
|
| Bar from
| committed to
| have a habit of
|
| be against
| concerned with
| have intention of
|
| Benefit by
| confident of
| have no chance of
|
| Blackmail into
| consistent with
| have the
|
| Blame for
| constrained from
| opportunity of
|
| Block from
| credited with
| have a reputation for
|
| Boast of
| critical to
| have role in
|
| Caution against
| dedicated to
| have trouble
|
| Charge with
| different from
| make attempt at
|
| Commit to
| different to
| make a habit of
|
| Compensate sb for
| disappointed at
| make a step in
|
| Complain about
| distressed about
| make the mistake of
|
| Complain of
| efficient at
| make the objective
|
| Conceive of
| effective in
| of doing sth
|
| Concentrate on
| engaged in
| achievable
|
| Confess to
| essential to
| meet the need for
|
| Congratulate sb for
| euphoric over
| place emphasis on
|
| Congratulate sb on
| fascinated with
| play a great part in
|
| Contribute to
| a far cry from
| put effort(s) into
|
| Consist of
| far from
| run the risk of
|
| Convict of
| fond of
| save sb the trouble of
|
| Convince into
| frustrated at
| stand a (good)
|
| Count on
| good at
| better
|
| Credit with
| (un)happy at
| chance of
|
| Depend on/upon
| important to
| stand in danger of
|
| Deter from
| indifferent to
| stress/emphasize
|
| Detract from
| in danger of
| one's commitment
|
| Direct at
| in the process of
| to
|
| Discourage from
| innocent of
| take a step in
|
| Dissuade from
| instrumental in
| take great pleasure in
|
| Dream of
| intent on
| take care of
|
| End with
| interested in
| take over
|
| Fine sb for
| justified in
| responsibility for
|
| Focus on
| lax about
| There is a talk of
|
| Forbid from
| like
| There is no (little)
|
| Force into
| obsessed with
| point in
|
|
|
|
|
| Forgive sb for
| on the point of
| There is no
|
| Hear of
| opposed to
| (denying)
|
| Hesitate in
| optimistic about
| There is nothing
|
| Hinder from
| prone to
| wrong with
|
| Inhibit from
| proud of
| There is no point in
|
| Insist on
| responsible for
| There is no
|
| Intimidate into
| right in
| question of
|
| Keep from
| skilled at
| run the risk of
|
| Lure into
| scared of
| What about...?
|
| Mislead to
| slow in
| when it comes to
|
| Object to
| sorry for
| cannot help
|
| Oppose to
| successful at
| can't stand
|
| Opt against
| suited to
| feel like
|
| Persist in
| tired of
| look like
|
| Persist with
| used to
| as well as
|
| Plan on
| wary of
| As for
|
| Praise sb for
| Worth
| Far from
|
| Preclude from
| wrong in
| In addition to
|
| Pressure into
| become obsessed
| In terms of
|
| Prevent sb from
| With
| In the event of
|
| Pride oneself on
| get far in
| In the name of
|
| Prohibit from
| get used to
| rather than
|
| Protect from
|
| for fear of
|
| Protest over
| Фразовые глаголы
|
|
| Punish sb for
|
| Существительные
|
| Quarrel with sb
| be fed up with
| + предлог
|
| About/over
| be for
|
|
| Reckon on
| carry on
| advantage to
|
| Refrain from
| carry out
| alternative to
|
| Rely on
| cope with
| approach to
|
| Reproach for
| deal with
| attempt at
|
| Reproach with
| end up
| chance of
|
| Reprove for
| feel up to
| contribution to
|
| Resign from
| get over
| cooperation on
|
| Resort to
| give up
| delay in
|
| Respect sb for
| go on
| effort in, effort at
|
| Restrain sb from
| go towards
| the fact of
|
| Restrict sth to
| go without
| the hope for, hope of
|
| Reward sb for
| keep on
| (be) the key to
|
| Sicken of
| look forward to
| mistake of
|
|
|
|
|
| Spur into
| make up for
| (be) an obstacle to
|
| Stir into
| put off
| the policy of
|
| Stop from
| resign to
| pressure on
|
| Succeed in
| revolt against
| progress on
|
| Suspect of
| resort to
| progress towards
|
| Suspend from
| rule out
| prospect of
|
| Result in
| see about
| the reason for
|
| Result from
| separate sb from
| reputation on
|
| Talk about
| set about
| reputation for
|
| Tell of
| settle down to
| revolution in
|
| Think of
| stick to
| secret to
|
| Volunteer for
| talk into
| sign of
|
| Warn against
| talk sb out of
| skill at
|
| Warn of
| take to
| solution to
|
| Work on
| take up
| support for
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