I CARRY SOME THINGS ASHORE 4 страницаIt was a beautiful sight (красивый вид). The sky was clear, the air was still (небо было ясным, воздух спокойным). The smooth waters (тихие воды) stretched away and away toward the setting sun (тянулись вдаль и вдаль к к заходящему солнцу). Far in the distance (далеко на расстоянии) I could see land (я мог видеть землю). I could not tell whether it was an island or some part of the mainland of America (я не мог сказать был ли это остров или часть континента Америки). It was at least fifty miles away (по меньшей мере в 50 милях). If it were the mainland (если бы это был материк), I felt quite sure that I would at some time or other see a ship sailing hither to it or from it (был совершенно уверен, что когда-нибудь увижу корабль, плывущий к нему или от него). If it were an island (если это был остров), there might be savages (там могли быть дикари) whom it would not be safe for me to meet (которых для меня было бы небезопасно встретить). But it would do no good to worry my mind about such matters (не было смысла беспокоить мой ум /вопросами/ о подобных вещах: «материях»). I found this side of the island much more beautiful than that where my castle was (я обнаружил, что эта сторона острова была намного красивее, чем та, где был мой замок). Here were large, open fields, green with grass (большие, открытые поля, зеленые от травы = покрытые травой) and sweet with flowers (красивые: «сладкие, приятные» от цветов). Here, too, were fine woods, with many strange trees and vines (были красивые рощи с множеством странных деревьев и вьющихся растений). I saw many green parrots among the trees (много зеленых попугаев среди деревьев), and I thought how I would catch one and teach it to talk (думал, как бы мне поймать одного и научить его говорить). After a great deal of trouble I knocked a young one down with my stick (после множества трудностей я сбил молодого /попугая/ палкой). He was a good fighter (хороший боец), and it was no easy matter to get him (было не простым вопросом заполучить его). But at last I picked him up and put him in my bag (но в конце концов я подобрал его и положил в свою сумку). He was not hurt (не был ранен), and I carried him home (принес его домой). It was a long time before I could make him talk (прошло много времени, прежде чем я заставил, научил его говорить). But at last he became a great pet (прекрасным питомцем) and would call me by my name (называл меня по имени). I shall have a funny story to tell about him after a while (я буду иметь смешную историю рассказать = я расскажу смешную историю о нем через некоторое время). Besides parrots there were many other birds in the woods (кроме попугаев, там было много других птиц в лесу). Some of these were of kinds that I had never seen before (некоторые из них были видов, которых я никогда раньше не видел). In the low grounds I saw some animals that looked like rabbits (на низких землях = в низинах я видел некоторых животных, которые выглядели как кролики). There were others that I took to be foxes (принимал за лис), but they were not such foxes as we have in England (но они были не такими лисами, каких мы имеем в Англии). I traveled very slowly around the island (я путешествовал очень медленно по острову), for I wished to see everything (так как хотел увидеть все). Often I did not go more than two miles in a day (часто я не проходил более двух миль в день). At night I sometimes slept in a tree (ночью я иногда спал на дереве), while my dog watched below me (пока моя собака охраняла внизу). Sometimes I shut myself up in a little pen made by driving tall stakes into the ground (иногда я скрывался в маленьком «пенале», сделанном посредством вбивания длинных палок в землю). I felt quite safe (чувствовала себя в безопасности), for nothing could come near me without waking me (так как ничто не могло приблизиться ко мне, не разбудив меня). Along the seashore there were thousands of turtles (вдоль берега были тысячи черепах) and a great plenty of waterfowl (множество водоплавающих птиц). I had no trouble to find all the food I needed (не имел проблем с нахождением всей той еды, которая мне была нужна). Sometimes I had a roast pigeon for dinner (жареного голубя на обед), sometimes the juicy meat of a turtle (сочное мясо черепахи), sometimes that of a goat (иногда мясо козы). No king could have fared better (никакой король не мог бы поесть лучше; to fare — жить, поживать; питаться). One day my dog caught a young kid (собака поймала козленка). I ran and got hold of it (схватил его), and would not let him hurt it (не позволил ей ранить его). I had a great mind to take it home with me (у меня было большое желание взять его домой с собой). So I made a collar for it (ошейник для него), and led it along by a string which I had in my pocket (отвел его рядом с собой на веревке, которая была у меня в кармане). It was quite wild (довольно диким) and did not lead well (нелегко было его вести). It gave me so much trouble that I took it to my summer house and left it there (он доставил мне так много проблем, что я отвел его в летний дом и оставил там). I then went home to my castle.
smooth [smu:ð] pouch [pautʃ] journey [‘dʒə:ni]
I MAKE A LONG JOURNEY
I HAD long wished to see the whole of my island. So, one fine morning, I set out to travel across to the other side of it. Of course I carried my gun with me. In my belt was my best hatchet. In my pouch I had plenty of powder and shot. In my pocket were two biscuits and a big bunch of raisins. My dog followed behind me. I went past my summer house, or bower, and toward evening came to a fine open place close by the sea. It was a beautiful sight. The sky was clear, the air was still. The smooth waters stretched away and away toward the setting sun. Far in the distance I could see land. I could not tell whether it was an island or some part of the mainland of America. It was at least fifty miles away. If it were the mainland, I felt quite sure that I would at some time or other see a ship sailing hither to it or from it. If it were an island, there might be savages on it whom it would not be safe for me to meet. But it would do no good to worry my mind about such matters. I found this side of the island much more beautiful than that where my castle was. Here were large, open fields, green with grass and sweet with flowers. Here, too, were fine woods, with many strange trees and vines. I saw many green parrots among the trees, and I thought how I would catch one and teach it to talk. After a great deal of trouble I knocked a young one down with my stick. He was a good fighter, and it was no easy matter to get him. But at last I picked him up and put him in my bag. He was not hurt, and I carried him home. It was a long time before I could make him talk. But at last he became a great pet and would call me by my name. I shall have a funny story to tell about him after a while. Besides parrots there were many other birds in the woods. Some of these were of kinds that I had never seen before. In the low grounds I saw some animals that looked like rabbits. There were others that I took to be foxes, but they were not such foxes as we have in England. I traveled very slowly around the island, for I wished to see everything. Often I did not go more than two miles in a day. At night I sometimes slept in a tree, while my dog watched below me. Sometimes I shut myself up in a little pen made by driving tall stakes into the ground. I felt quite safe, for nothing could come near me without waking me. Along the seashore there were thousands of turtles and a great plenty of waterfowl. I had no trouble to find all the food I needed. Sometimes I had a roast pigeon for dinner, sometimes the juicy meat of a turtle, sometimes that of a goat. No king could have fared better. One day my dog caught a young kid. I ran and got hold of it, and would not let him hurt it. I had a great mind to take it home with me. So I made a collar for it, and led it along by a string which I had in my pocket. It was quite wild and did not lead well. It gave me so much trouble that I took it to my summer house and left it there. I then went home to my castle.
I HARVEST MY GRAIN (я собираю свое зерно)
I CANNOT tell you how glad I was to get to my old house again (как рад я был попасть в мой старый дом вновь) and lie down in my good hammock bed (и лечь в мою кровать-гамак). I had been away for nearly a month (меня не было /здесь/ почти месяц).
I was so tired from my long journey (так устал от длинного путешествия) that I stayed in my castle nearly a week (что я остался в замке почти неделю). While I was thus resting myself (пока я так отдыхал), I made a cage for my parrot (клетку для попугая) which I named Poll (которого я назвал Попка; poll — стандартная кличка для попугая). He was very gentle for a parrot (он был очень послушным, смирным для попугая), and soon became very fond of me (стал любить меня). Then I began to think of the kid (козленке) that I had left in my summer bower (которого я оставил в беседке). So I went with my dog to fetch it (я пошел со своей собакой забрать его). I found it where I had left it (нашел его там, где оставил его). It had eaten all the grass inside of the fence (съел всю траву внутри забора) and was now very hungry (был очень голоден). I gave it as much as it wished (столько столько, сколько он хотел), and then I tied the string to it to lead it away (привязал веревку к нему, чтобы вывести его). But there was no need of that (не было нужды в этом), for it was quite tame (довольно ручным). It followed me everywhere (следовал за мной всюду). It was very gentle and loving (очень добрым и любящим). I had now a number of pets (несколько: «число» домашних животных) and was no longer lonesome (больше не был одиноким). My life was much happier (намного счастливее) than it had been while I was sailing the seas (чем она была, когда я плавал по морям). I took delight in many things (я радовался многим вещам; delight — радость, отрада) that I had never cared for before (на которые ранее я никогда не обращал внимания). My barley and rice had grown well (ячмень и рис выросли хорошо) and in another month would be ready to be harvested (и через месяц будут готовы к тому, чтобы быть собранными). But one day I saw that some animals had been in the field (некоторые животные побывали в поле). Goats and rabbits had trampled upon the green stalks (козы и кролики потоптали зеленые стебли) and had eaten the long blades of barley (съели длинные листья ячменя). If things kept on this way I should soon lose my grain (если так будет продолжаться, я потеряю все мое зерно). There was nothing to be done but to build a fence or hedge around the field (ничего не оставалось делать как только построить забор или ограду вокруг поля). This was easy, for the field was not large (это было легко, так как поле не было большим). I drove tall stakes into the ground all around my growing crops (воткнул длинные колья в землю вокруг моего растущего урожая). These stakes were so close together (они были так близко вместе = друг к другу) that not even a rabbit could get between them (что даже кролик не мог пробраться между них). Then I tied my dog near the gate of the little field (привязал собаку у ворот маленького поля), so that he would bark whenever any animal came near (так, чтобы она бы залаяла, когда бы какое-либо животное не приблизилось). My grain was now safe from the beasts (в безопасности от зверей). It grew fast (росло быстро). The barley sent out large heads (выпустил большие головки = семенные коробочки) which soon began to ripen (которые скоро начали зреть). But now the birds came down in great flocks to rob me (птицы спускались большими стаями, чтобы грабить меня). They sat on the fence (сидели на заборе), they flew among the stalks of grain (летали между стеблями зерна), they carried away all the ripe barley they could find (уносили весь зрелый ячмень, /который/ могли найти). This troubled me very much (беспокоило меня очень сильно). The most of the grain was still green (большая часть зерна была еще зеленой). But I feared that as soon as it ripened I should lose it all (но я боялся, что как только оно созреет, я потеряю его полностью). I loaded my gun (зарядил ружье) and went out to the field (вышел в поле). There I saw the thieves (воров), sitting on the fence and watching me (сидящих на заборе и наблюдающих за мной). I was so angry (я был таким злым) that I fired right among them and killed three (что я выстрелил прямо между ними и убил троих). "Now I will show you how to steal my grain (сейчас я покажу, как воровать мое зерно)!" I cried. I put up a long pole in the center of the field (установил длинный шест в центре поля), and on top of it I hung the three dead birds (на верхушке повесил три мертвых птицы). "This will I do to all that venture to come into my field (это я сделаю со всеми, кто решится зайти на мое поле)," I said. Strange to say, this ended all my troubles (странно сказать, но это прекратило все мои горести). Not another bird came to that place so long as my scarecrows hung there (ни одна другая птица не приходила = не прилетала на это место, пока мои пугала висели там; scarecrow — пугало). In fact, the birds went away from that part of the island, and I did not soon see another (на самом деле, птицы ушли с этой части острова, я не скоро увидел другую = не скоро увидел других птиц).
hungry [‘hΛngri] parrot [‘pærət] hammock [‘hæmək]
I HARVEST MY GRAIN
I CANNOT tell you how glad I was to get to my old house again and lie down in my good hammock bed. I had been away for nearly a month. I was so tired from my long journey that I stayed in my castle nearly a week. While I was thus resting myself, I made a cage for my parrot which I named Poll. He was very gentle for a parrot, and soon became very fond of me. Then I began to think of the kid that I had left in my summer bower. So I went with my dog to fetch it. I found it where I had left it. It had eaten all the grass inside of the fence and was now very hungry. I gave it as much as it wished, and then I tied the string to it to lead it away. But there was no need of that, for it was quite tame. It followed me everywhere. It was very gentle and loving. I had now a number of pets and was no longer lonesome. My life was much happier than it had been while I was sailing the seas. I took delight in many things that I had never cared for before. My barley and rice had grown well and in another month would be ready to be harvested. But one day I saw that some animals had been in the field. Goats and rabbits had trampled upon the green stalks and had eaten the long blades of barley. If things kept on this way I should soon lose my grain. There was nothing to be done but to build a fence or hedge around the field. This was easy, for the field was not large. I drove tall stakes into the ground all around my growing crops. These stakes were so close together that not even a rabbit could get between them. Then I tied my dog near the gate of the little field, so that he would bark whenever any animal came near. My grain was now safe from the beasts. It grew fast. The barley sent out large heads which soon began to ripen. But now the birds came down in great flocks to rob me. They sat on the fence, they flew among the stalks of grain, they carried away all the ripe barley they could find. This troubled me very much. The most of the grain was still green. But I feared that as soon as it ripened I should lose it all. I loaded my gun and went out to the field. There I saw the thieves, sitting on the fence and watching me. I was so angry that I fired right among them and killed three. "Now I will show you how to steal my grain!" I cried. I put up a long pole in the center of the field, and on top of it I hung the three dead birds. "This will I do to all that venture to come into my field," I said. Strange to say, this ended all my troubles. Not another bird came to that place so long as my scarecrows hung there. In fact, the birds went away from that part of the island, and I did not soon see another.
I WORK UNDER MANY DIFFICULTIES (я работаю «под многими сложностями» = в трудных условиях)
MY barley ripened (созрел) and was ready to be harvested (был готов быть собранным). I had neither scythe nor sickle to cut it down (у меня не было ни косы, ни серпа, чтобы срезать его). But you will remember that I had two old swords which I had found in the ship (но вы вспомните, что я имел две шпаги, которые я нашел на корабле).
With one of the swords I cut off the heads of the barley and dropped them into a big basket I had made (одной шпагой я срезал головки ячменя и бросал их в большую корзину, /которую/ я сделал). I carried these heads into my cave and thrashed out the grain with my hands (молотил зерно руками). When all my harvesting was done (когда весь сбор урожая был закончен), I measured the grain (взвесил зерно). I had two bushels of rice (два бушеля риса /бушель — мера емкости = 36,3 л/) and two bushels and a half of barley (и два с половиной бушеля ячменя). This pleased me very much (это очень меня порадовало). I felt now that I should soon be able to raise grain enough for food (я чувствовал сейчас, что скоро смогу вырастить достаточно зерна для еды). Have you ever thought how many things are necessary for the making of your bread (вы когда-нибудь думали, сколько вещей необходимы для приготовления хлеба)? You have nothing to do but eat the bread after others have made it (вы не знаете других забот, как /только/ есть хлеб после того, как другие сделали его). But I had to sow (я должен был сеять), to reap (жать), to thrash (молотить), to grind (молоть), to sift (просеивать), to mix (смешивать), and to bake (печь). To do all these I needed many tools (много инструментов). I had no plow to turn up the ground (не имел плуга, чтобы вскапывать землю). I had no spade nor shovel with which to dig it (не лопаты, ни мотыги, которыми копать ее). But with great labor (с большим трудом) I made me a wooden spade (деревянную лопату), which was better than nothing (лучше, чем ничего). After the ground was turned up (после того, как земля была вскопана), I sowed the seed by scattering it with my hands (я сеял зерно, разбрасывая его руками). But it must be covered so it would grow (но оно должно быть накрыто /землей/, чтобы оно росло), and I had no harrow (борону). I cut down the branch of a tree (срезал ветку дерева), and dragged it over the field (протащил ее по полю). This, I think, was the way that people in old times harrowed their ground (это, я думаю, был способ, как люди в старые времена боронили землю). The third thing to be done was to build a fence around my field (третье дело, которое нужно было сделать, было построить забор вокруг поля). After that came the reaping (после этого пришла жатва), the curing (собирание, заготовка), the carrying home (доставка домой), the thrashing (молотьба), the parting of the grain from the chaff (отделение зерна от мякины), the grinding (помол). I needed a mill to do the grinding (мне нужна была мельница, чтобы молоть). I needed a sieve to sift the flour (сито, чтобы просеивать муку). I needed yeast and salt to mix with the dough (дрожжи и соль, чтобы смешать /их/ с тестом). I needed an oven to bake it (печь, чтобы испечь его). I had to do without the most of these things (приходилось обходиться без большинства этих вещей). And this made my work very slow and hard (это делало мою работу очень медленной и тяжелой). I was very lucky in having saved so many tools from the wreck (мне повезло, /что я/ сохранил так много инструментов с остова разбитого судна), and for this I was indeed thankful (и за это я в самом деле был благодарен). What a hard case I would have been in if I had saved nothing at all (в каком затруднительном положении был бы я, если бы не сохранил ничего вообще)! From time to time (время от времени), as I felt the need of things (когда чувствовал необходимость вещей = в какой-либо вещи) I made a number of tools that served me very well (я делал ряд инструментов, которые служили мне очень хорошо). They were not such tools as you would buy at the store (они не были такими инструментами, которые вы бы купили в магазине), but what did it matter (но имело ли это значение)? I have already told you about the shovel which I made from a piece of hard wood (о лопате, которую я сделал из куска твердого дерева). Next to the shovel I needed a pickax most of all (после лопаты мне нужна была киркомотыга больше всего). Among the many things that I had saved from the wreck, I found an old crowbar (старый лом). This I heated in the fire until it was almost white hot (нагрел на огне, пока он не стал почти белым от жара). I then found that I could bend it quite easily (затем я обнаружил, что мог согнуть его довольно легко). Little by little I shaped it until I had made quite a good pickax of it (мало-помалу я придавал ему форму пока я не сделал довольно хорошую киркомотыгу из него). Of course, it was heavy and not at all pretty (конечно, она была тяжелой и совсем не красивой). But who would look for beauty in a pickax (кто бы стал искать красоту в киркомотыге)? I at first felt the need of some light baskets (вначале я чувствовал необходимость легких корзин) in which to carry my fruit and grain (в которых носить мои плоды и зерно). So I began to study how baskets are made (изучать, как делаются корзины). It was not until I had searched almost every nook on the island (только после того, как я обыскал каждый уголок острова) that I found some long slender twigs (длинные гибкие прутья) that would bend to make wicker ware (которые бы гнулись, чтобы сделать ивовую лозу = которые можно было гнуть, как ивовую лозу). Then I spent many an hour learning how to weave these twigs together (я провел много часов, изучая, как сплетать эти прутья вместе) and shape them into the form of a basket (придавать форму корзины). In the end (в конце концов), however (тем не менее), I was able to make as good baskets as were ever bought in the market (я мог делать такие хорошие корзины, которые когда-либо покупались на рынке). I had quite a goodly number of edge tools (хорошее количество режущих инструментов). Among these there were three large axes (три больших топора) and a great store of hatchets (большой запас топориков); for you will remember that we carried hatchets to trade with the savages (так как вы должны помнить, что мы везли топорики, чтобы торговать с дикарями). I had also many knives (также много ножей). But all these became very dull with use (стали тупыми от использования). I had saved a grindstone from the wreck (спас точильный камень с остова корабля), but I could not turn it and grind my tools at the same time (не мог крутить его и точить инструменты в одно и то же время). I studied hard to overcome this difficulty (напряженно думал, как преодолеть эту трудность). At last (наконец), I managed to fasten a string to the crank of the grindstone in such a way that I could turn it with my foot (умудрился прицепить веревку к ручке точильного камня так, что я мог вертеть его ногой). My tools were soon sharp, and I kept them so (инструменты вскоре были острыми, и я держал их такими = поддерживал в таком состоянии).
sword [so:d] sickle [sikl] scythe [saið]
I WORK UNDER MANY DIFFICULTIES
MY barley ripened and was ready to be harvested. I had neither scythe nor sickle to cut it down. But you will member that I had two old swords which I had found in the ship. With one of the swords I cut off the heads of the barley and dropped them into a big basket I had made. I carried these heads into my cave and thrashed out the grain with my hands. When all my harvesting was done, I measured the grain. I had two bushels of rice and two bushels and a half of barley. This pleased me very much. I felt now that I should soon be able to raise grain enough for food. Have you ever thought how many things are necessary for the making of your bread? You have nothing to do but eat the bread after others have made it. But I had to sow, to reap, to thrash, to grind, to sift, to mix, and to bake. To do all these I needed many tools. I had no plow to turn up the ground. I had no spade nor shovel with which to dig it. But with great labor I made me a wooden spade, which was better than nothing. After the ground was turned up, I sowed the seed by scattering it with my hands. But it must be covered so it would grow, and I had no harrow. I cut down the branch of a tree, and dragged it over the field. This, I think, was the way that people in old times harrowed their ground. The third thing to be done was to build a fence around my field. After that came the reaping, the curing, the carrying home, the thrashing, the parting of the grain from the chaff, the grinding. I needed a mill to do the grinding. I needed a sieve to sift the flour. I needed yeast and salt to mix with the dough. I needed an oven to bake it. I had to do without the most of these things. And this made my work very slow and hard. I was very lucky in having saved so many tools from the wreck, and for this I was indeed thankful. What a hard case I would have been in if I had saved nothing at all! From time to time, as I felt the need of things I made a number of tools that served me very well. They were not such tools as you would buy at the store, but what did it matter? I have already told you about the shovel which I made from a piece of hard wood. Next to the shovel I needed a pickax most of all. Among the many things that I had saved from the wreck, I found an old crowbar. This I heated in the fire until it was almost white hot. I then found that I could bend it quite easily. Little by little I shaped it until I had made quite a good pickax of it. Of course, it was heavy and not at all pretty. But who would look for beauty in a pickax? I at first felt the need of some light baskets in which to carry my fruit and grain. So I began to study how baskets are made. It was not until I had searched almost every nook on the island that I found some long slender twigs that would bend to make wicker ware. Then I [73] spent many an hour learning how to weave these twigs together and shape them into the form of a basket. In the end, however, I was able to make as good baskets as were ever bought in the market. I had quite a goodly number of edge tools. Among these there were three large axes and a great store of hatchets; for you will remember that we carried hatchets to trade with the savages. I had also many knives. But all these became very dull with use. I had saved a grindstone from the wreck, but I could not turn it and grind my tools at the same time. I studied hard to overcome this difficulty. At last, I managed to fasten a string to the crank of the grindstone in such a way that I could turn it with my foot. My tools were soon sharp, and I kept them so.
I BECOME A POTTER (становлюсь гончаром)
WHEN it came to making bread (когда предстояло делать хлеб), I found that I needed several vessels (несколько сосудов). In fact, I needed them in many ways (на деле, они нужны были мне по многим причинам).
It would be hard to make wooden vessels (было бы тяжело делать деревянные сосуды). Of course it was out of the question to make vessels of iron or any other metal (конечно, не стояло вопроса = было совершенно невозможно сделать сосуды из железа или любого другого металла). But why might I not make some earthen vessels (но почему не мог я сделать несколько глиняных сосудов)? If I could find some good clay (если бы я смог найти хорошую глину), I felt quite sure that I could make pots strong enough to be of use (я чувствовал полную уверенность, что я смогу делать горшки достаточно крепкими, чтобы быть годными к использованию, полезными). After much trouble I found the clay. The next thing was to shape it into pots or jars (придать форму горшков или кувшинов). You would have laughed to see the first things I tried to make (вы бы посмеялись, увидев первые вещи, которые я сделал). How ugly they were (какими уродливыми они были)!
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