Other Modern American Movements

Nighthawks (1942) by Edward Hopper is one of his best known works, Art Institute of Chicago

Members of the next artistic generation favored a different form of abstraction: works of mixed media. Among them were Robert Rauschenberg (1925–2008) and Jasper Johns (1930-), who used photos, newsprint, and discarded objects in their compositions. Pop artists, such as Andy Warhol (1930–1987), Larry Rivers (1923–2002), and Roy Lichtenstein (1923–1997), reproduced, with satiric care, everyday objects and images of American popular culture—Coca-Cola bottles, soup cans, comic strips. Realism has also been popular in the United States, despite modernist tendencies, such as the city scenes by Edward Hopper and the illustrations of Norman Rockwell. In certain places, for example Chicago, Abstract Expressionism never caught on; in Chicago, the dominant art style was grotesque, symbolic realism, as exemplified by the Chicago Imagists Cosmo Campoli (1923–1997), Jim Nutt (1938-), Ed Paschke (1939–2004), and Nancy Spero (1926–2009).

A. Read the article about the development of art in the USA. Say whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):

1. The 1st genres of American painting since its colonization were portraits and still lives.__

2. Benjamin West was America’s 1st well-trained artist.__

3. Ch. Willson Peale was a Neoclassical painter.__

4. Gilbert Stuart and Joan Copley painted emblematic portraits.__

5. Tomas Cole is known as the artist of the American Revolution.__

6. The Hudson River School was the first school of portrait painting.__

7. Frederic Edwin Church and Albert Bierstadt were central figures of the Hudson River School.__

8. In the late 1880s Primitivism appeared in America.__

9. Mary Cassat and James Abbot Mc Neil Whistler are famous American abstract impressionists.__

10. The Ashcan School of painting portrayed the common people and their daily lives.__

11. The purpose of New Deal artists program was to give work to artists and to decorate public buildings with flower pieces and seascapes.__

12. Abstract expressionists were influenced by Cubism, Surrealism and the works by P. Picasso and H. Matisse.__

13. Pop artists displayed everyday objects and images of American popular culture.__

14. Edward Hopper used photos, newsprint and discarded objects in his compositions.__