A) was – squash watt – wand
[ k ] black, pick, chicken, rocket, knock, duck, deck, stomach, Christmas, Christ, chemistry, mechanical
[ ŋ ] thing, ring, song, belong, length, hang
[∫] ship, sheep, shallow, shop, shy, shoe, shrub, wash, cash, fashion, Russian, pressure, mission, issue, expression, moustache, machine, chassis, chalet
[f] phone, photo, phonetics, pheasant, phrase, philosophy, symphony, telegraph
[ð] this, that, they, these, without, weather, gather, mother, bathe, breathe, rather
[ θ ] thick, thin, width, length, thank, think, tooth, bath, healthy,
[ w ] whale, wheel, wheat, which, whether, where, why, whey, what, when, white
[ h ] who, whom, whose, whole, whoop, whodunit
[ n ] knife, knee, knit, knot, knock, knob, know, knowledge, knight
[ r ] write, wrong, wrist, wring, wrap, wreath, wreck, wry, wrinkle, wrestle
[ n ] sign, design, benign, align, malign, campaign, champagne, foreign
[ s ] scent, descent, scene, miscellaneous, scissors, science, fascinate, oscillate
[ t∫ ] chiken, chair, which, achieve, cheap, church, match, watch, fetch, butcher, catch, witch, itch
[ kw ] quake, quality, queen, quiz, equal, require, inquire, equipment, liquid, quite
Таблица чтения гласных
UNIT 1
Test yourself: blame, pale, mate, fate, make, fame, lamp, stamp, lake, bad, late, plan, ale, date, vale, bat, nave, tape, pan, fan, blade, lane, cake, brake, wake, flake, cape, Sam, tram, can, bake, tack, glad, hat, maze, grace, trace, skate, sad, bag, Ann, game sat, lamp. 2 a) trek pen Nell b) met – mete fence – Eve stress press leg pet – Pete mend – Mede mess left keg bed – be met - mete hem dress peg bell – grebe zed – zee lest stem egg wed – Swede melt – bede beg spell desk cent – grebe
d) bat – bet – bade ass – mess – mace man – men – mane bad – bed – bade dam – den – dam cab – ken – cane flat – let – late pan – pen – pane lamp – led – lane 3 a) home – Rome prone – strove spoke – coke bone – cone tone – phone broke – stoke no – stone robe – rope dome – nose strove – grove probe – grope home – rose code – vote lode – note tone – close smoke – woke lobe – lope pole – vote b) trod pond prod prop smog moss grog loss drop dot lost stop bog spot loss c) boss – broke cross – loss hop – hope blob – lobe not – note stoke – coke mop – mope nod – node mock – smoke rod – rode cod – code pop – pope
d) Oh, no! Go home alone! Don’t go slow. Don’t go slowly, Joe. Don’t go slowly, Joe, there is no snow. Don’t go slowly, Joe, there’s no snow on the road. 4 a) can act coŕrect camp clap cat fact cost club crop b) cent space trace cist place ace nice ice cell pencil face cell 'pencil price c) cab – cad – cam cum – scum – cut can – camp – cap fence – pence cob – cod – con hence – trace clog – crop – cop lance – trame 5 a) gem – gee b) gap – gas – gad gest – gell got – god – gob age – rage golf – glad – grab page – strange grog – gloss – goblin gentle – range 'gypsy [ 'dζipsi ] c) bad – lag – hag – brag – crag beg – leg – keg – clog – peg big – pig – brig – Greg – big bog – log – hog – fog – flog
Test yourself:'sentence, 'gypsy, range, cent, cor'rect, snow, bade, scene, rage, since, 'local, cell, smoke, code, probe, centre, glad, spent, lend, cape, mete, desk, late, hate, cane, bed, camp, page, age, crag, beg, 'traffic, hence, face, land, lace, hand, place, stop, Rome, close, test, rode, can, drive, cake, tent, page, state, pole, brake, code, lake, damp, tell, came, stand, trace, Celt, cent.
UNIT 2
6 a) yes – yet bell – yell you – yoke elm – yelp yam – yak end – yes 7 a) it – did nip – nib trip – big bit – bid rip – rib strip – pin it – lid strip – trim miss – print kit – kid pin – bin him – grip prim – brim prill – brill list – still b) by style tyke fly – sly my dyke type fry – pry cry syce Tyke my – dry
c) file – tile mile – pile rid – ride tie – die fine – dine lime – crime grid – bride bye – dye pipe – ripe gripe – stripe scrip – scribe lie – pie ride – side bride – pride mince – mine lye – rye drive – wife strive – wife wince – wine 8 a) use – fuse – cute brume – Rome mule – mole mute – fume – Hume rule – role Hume – home cube – tube prune – prone fume – bone huge – mule –due tune – tone huge – cola b) Bruce – spruce plume – flute price – spruce rune – prune flute – fluke rise – ruse Hume – brume fluke – plume scribe – cube prude – brute fly – flute rice – truce rude – crude ply – plume due – huge fly – rude dry – dune pro'duce – oppor'tu- nity c) cub – cube tub – tube huge – cute hug – huge tune – truce tune – mule cut – cute luck – Luke dune – spruce rug – glue rud – rude nut – true suck – stuck duck – duke run – rune rut – dug struck – cut brush – Brume plum – plume bus – blue sum – mule luck – fluke rub – rule rub – rude 'under dull – duke d) 'customer, pro'duction, 'study, 'under, 'uncle, 'unit, un'like, un'til, up, up'set, up-to-day
Test yourself: by, dye, my, tie, but, if, nip, tip, system, fit, mine, gum, fine, dive, tin, style, pine, fun, tug, life, lift, sin, pipe, tide, kid, like, time, up, tint, tyke, bye, dyke, yelp, dike, did, nine, type, life, slip, bug, dip, lid, mill, kill, like, file, smile, try, glade, glide, globe, dame, dime, dome, plug, grape, ripe, rope, stale, style, stole, huge, raze, yoke, rose, tape, type, cup, trope, bug, lug, nut, cock, left, page, deck, run, big, tube, study, cone, me, sunny, luck, rule, dry, since, mince, past, flask, vast. UNIT 3
10 a) bug – book b) good – hook hug – hook stood – took tug – took foot – book nut – nook wood – look lug – look cook – wool c) loo – too – zoo – woo d) poodle loom – toon – zoom – swoon noodle loop – stoop – swoop toodle sloop – coop – troop – snoop tat`too – sa`loon hoot – loot – root – moot bal`loon – ba`boon
11 a) gap – jab gut – jut got – jot jib – gin gust – just gum – jam gog – jog jest – gest gag – Jack gosh – Josh god – Jo just – gist jam – gem jin – gin b) jest – yes jazz – yam jet – yet Jack – yak jam – yam Jam – yell c) dog – dodge leg – fledge bad – badge log – lodge hog – hedge odd – dodge bag – badge brig – bridge bud – budge plug – plunge egg – edge fled – fledge fringe – hinge lunge – plunge led – ledge 12 a) shop – shot b) ash – dash – rash – cash shell – shelf mesh – dish – fresh – fish shall – sham smash – splash – crash – trash shock – shod rush – hush – flush – crush chat – shunt shut – shim – shrill – shrimp 13 a) chess chest check b) hatch – latch – match – much chap chat champ fetch – drench – crutch – snatch chin chill chip itch – hitch – pitch – rich – scratch chop chuck chat c) chip – ship cash – catch d) back – batch – badge chop – shop crush – Dutch block – blotch – lodge crutch – grudge etch – edge deck – etch – edge fetch – fledge inch – fringe luck – lunch – plunge blotch – lodge check – change lick – lynch – hinge [ 't∫eindζ ] e) Madge – age cadge – cage badge – page cadge – sage Test yourself:fledge, luck, fetch, chip, itch, match, badge, yell, root, smash, wood, bug, sa'loon, bridge, June, joke, huge, gulf, yoke, good, took, inch, such, jazz, hook, zoo, stood, catch, fresh, fledge, crash, chat, crush, wool, jump, loop, jest, moon, fresh, hatch, check, shape, noodle, go, block, shelf, judge, shine, kitchen, cage, jungle, shell, ditch, spoon, shape, gum, chest, fridge, soot, pitch, trash, shall, chuck, jet, food, shock, cool, log, swoon, jab, loom. UNIT 4
14 a) fee – tree keep – been – seen feel – green speech – keen – green sheet – sheep feed – need – sleeve freeze – meet see – sweep – feet bee – see need – deep – sleep b) fee – feel c) eat – meat mete – meat – meet glee – green tea – sea seam – seem – weak lee – sleep pea – beam scene – scream – screen bee – been heat – neat eat – pea – clean see – seen tree – meat sea – seat – cheap deep – keen east – deal deal – each – seat d) week – weak e) weal, veal, teen, weed, real, deed, treat, see – sea weald, wheel, beach, Greek, peak, meet – meat sneeze, sheep, sweep, seal, reap speech – speak reed – read seem – seam screen – scream f) lead – lid bean – bin g) feel – fill green – grin leap – lip eat – it beet – bit heed – hid least – list reach – rich week – wick sleet – slit meal – mill seat – sit cheek – chick been – bit peach – pitch heat – hit sleep – slip fleet – fit beat – bit peak – pick read – rid sweet – wit each – itch read – rid deed – did feel – fit
Read: The art of Biography Is different from Geography. Geography is about maps, Biography is about chaps.
15 say sail stain main day drain tail train pay pail plain gait way wail Spain lay
16 a) 'baby 'sorry b) 'carry – 'tarry 'merry – 'Perry 'lady 'lorry 'marry – 'parry 'cherry – 'sherry 'very 'crazy 'sorry – 'sherry fatty – jolly 'lobby 'finally 'ferry – 'cherry dandy – fancy 'berry happy c) em'bed in'blame d) 'marry re'cede in'scribe 'very de'story dis'cover 'baby re'ply 'public 'lady de'fy 'story 'vary de'ny f) Be'gin to read. Re'peat it again. Ex'plain it. 'Try it again. Re'peat it, please. The rain in Spain is mainly in the plain. 17 a) thin thick theft thrift b) with thump throb thin thus thrill thrum thrill thud them myth depth smith thug this math tenth thug thrust that thump theft depth myth then kith filth smith cloth than c) this – myth that – math with – filth this – pith that – depth with – smith this – throb that – thrill with – thrill
d) sick – thick zip – this dad – that sin – thin zed – then dust – thus silk – thrill Zen – then disk – this mat – math tent – tenth den – then tilt – filth kit – kith
18 a) a'gain 'comma up'on a'gree suc'cess a'go 'sofa un'less pro'pose 'algebra to'day a'bout sug'gest o'pinion 'binary a'gainst sa'lute un'like con'trol 'capital
b) a 'book, a 'house, a 'boy, a 'pen, a 'song, an 'end, a man, a dog, a club
Test yourself:zoom, ago, nurse, jest, ba'boon, 'traffic, foot, prize, ad'dress, 'comma, 'public, June, u'pon, jest, thrum, thug, 'hurry, crush, with, de'ny, pith, de'fy, em'bed, di'rect, breathe, re'cede, math, thrill, thus, in'flame, 'marry, mess, chum, 'family, ag'ree, theme, thick, happy, width, length, them, student, myth, story, rep`ly, gain, then, sixth, bathe, width. UNIT 5
19 a) fix next fox b) ex'act text six flax ex'hibit [ ig'zibit ] ox box ax ex'aggerate [ ig'zædζ∂reit ] mix Max e'xist [ ig'zist ] examin'ation [ igzæmi'nei∫∂n ] ex'ample [ ig'za:mpl ] 20 a) boy soil join noisy 'boiler toy spoil joist poison 'boycott joy toil moist 'roister point troy oil voice 'toilet coin 21 a) knit – knock knap – nap knife – knave knick – Nick knick – knack knell – Nell knap – knag knack – snack knot – knob knot – not knell – knelt knife – wife b) knap – nap c) knap – cat knick – Nick knick – kick knell – Nell knot – cot knack – snack knock – cock knot – not knave – cave knag – nag knob – rob knife – wife knoll – lot knave – wave knelt – net 22 a) sing – king gang – tang b) ink – link ring – bring bang – sprang brink – clink sling – fling lung – flung drink – think spring – swing song – gong tank – thank flank – frank bunk – chunk c) sing – sang – sung d) ink sang ring – rang – rung link ping cling – clang – clung bank strong sting – stang – stung trunk bring spring – sprang – sprung wink swing fling – flang – flung
e) ran – rang – range j) sing – singe – inch – ink ban – bang – bank bring – cringe – pinch – pink tan – tang – tank stink – stank – stunk – stitch tug – rung – trunk king – fringe – winch – wink thin – thing – think drink – drank – drunk sink – sank – sunk flung – flunge – hunch – hunk lung – lunge – bunch – bunk f) 'single 'finger 'singular
23 a) quill – quilt quick – quip quiz – quint quell – well quest – west 24 a) is – his b) bus 'person add'ress as – has release 'sense res'ponse rose – nose case suc'cess rise – noise sus'pense c) his – kiss bus – is lose – close re'set his – hiss plus – is zone – those 'mesa his – miss us – is rise – prize cross zoo – zoom rose braze – maze close
Test yourself:next, exist, quip, knit, 'singular, knick, set, bang, trunk, voice, e'xaggerate, joy, knag, tang, single, moist, troy, thing, thank, sale, be'long, meeting, ring, song, kneel, knoll, exact, send, e'xample, ex'hibit, fix, sane, sake, scent, scene, close, prose, science, quiz, oil, ex`treme, quite, point, text, depth, re`sponse, strength, toy, ex`cept, knee, these, prize, thing, `liquid, noise, knave, spring, swing, quick, boil, trunk, box, coil, muse, ruse, 'useful, re'fuse, us, use, fuss, fuse, dis'cuss, un'less, size, is, rise, loose, sock, dis'close, dis'cuss, tease, com'pose. UNIT 6
25 a) head – read – spread – thread – dead – dread feather – weather – breath – death – stead – lead b) heading – 'deadly c) a'head heal – head spread – 'dreadful in'stead deal – dead thread – steady be'head steal – stead be'spread beat – breath be'stread treat – thread d) heed – head e) Whether the weather be fine, deep – death Whether the weather be not, breed – bread Whether the weather be cold, breed – breath Or whether the weather be hot, deed – dead We’ll weather the weather reed – fleet Whatever the weather Whether we like it or not. 26 son come love wonder other cover become won some dove mother another money London front above glove brother month company
27 a) feud few grew rue – drew deuce new crew due – dew Zeus chew threw flue – flew true – sue b) 'neutral – 'newly 'Andrew – 'Lewis 'Newton – 'Euclid 'newish – a'new 'Eugene – 'Newton re'new – 'newal
28 - 29 a) wild – child – mild nigh – sigh – nigh – thigh fight – night – tight – sight – might slight – light – right – bright – plight kind – mind – find – bind – blind – rind b)file – fight mite – might will – wild pile – plight style – sight tile – tight chill – child Nile – night lime – light mill – mild b) wink – wing – wind brink – bring – bind sink – fling – find Test yourself: London, night, wind, light, cover, bread, front, new, front, become, 'ready, 'feudal, some, a'nother, won, great, blind, high, Nile, weather, plight, hew, a'bove, to'night, breath, dead, thread, child, high, 'Monday, dew, son, mind, light, come, right, few, bright, find, head, knew, dove, sight, de'light, fight, break, weather, other, done, mild, tight, feather, flew, wonder, might, breath.
UNIT 7
30 machine, chef, Chicago, chimes, chrome, chlorite, scheme, chorus, 'architect, me'chanic, 'technical, 'character 31 a) tape – table b) rifle sable cobble state – stable stifle cable noble cape – cable trifle table ogle ape – able cycle stable fugle babe – fable title Maple Bible idle bridle 32 phone phase 'phantom 'telegraph phlok phrase Phillip 'atmosphere Phipps photo phut 'alphabet Phony phobia 'paragraph
33 a) staff – chaff b) calm – palm calves – halves aft – craft – shaft calm – charm leaf – leaves bath – path – lath balm – palm life – lives staff – bluff – fluff calf – half wife – wives
c) France – chance – dance – glance shunt – shan’t d) bat – bath plant – grant – can’t – shan’t hunt – can’t lad – lath branch – stanch – ranch – planch stuff – staff pat – path cuff – chaff
34 a) calm – palm task – talk mask – chalk bask – balk calf – half balm – palm ask – chalk cask – stalk calve – halve
35 a) grey fey b) same – they plane – feint rein vein face – fey wave – vein veil trey trace – trey crane – rein they skein feint lei
36 a) class – pass – glass – grass – brass ask – task – flask – bask – mask fast – past – cast – vast – mast b) past – pass – grasp fast – glass – clasp cast – class – gasp last – grass – rasp Test yourself: ma'chine, phlok, 'telephone, rein, 'technical, 'alphabet, chaff, halves, phrase, glance, staff, chef, 'chronicle, path, grey, cable, obey, palm, calm, fast, de'mand, me'chanics, 'character, plant, noble, scholar, stable, physics, graphics, they, pass, glass, fast, task, class, past, branch, bath, half, hey, stable, photo, idle, calm, palm, balm, calf, half, carves, halves, scarf. UNIT 8
37 a) paw saw b) haunt – taunt c) 'August – 'aurrist maw raw haunch – launch 'aura – 'aural jaw yaw 'Mauna – jaunt 'austral – 'auburn law caw 'awful – 'sawmill 'auto – 'autum n claw slaw 'bawdy – 'sawder (n не читается) taw thaw 'trawler – 'crawler
38 a) all – fall – small – tall – stall b) talk – chalk all – balk call – ball – salt – small – false chalk – walk wall – walk falling – calling – stalling – wall small – talk stall – stalk salty – fallen – baldly – spall all – chalk call – chalk stalk – balk c) calm – palm calf – half carves – halves calm – balm palm – half calf – scarf
39 board, coarse, hoarse, roar, boar, oar, hoard, hoar, soar 40 a) ought fought draught nought saught daughter bought thought brought b) fort – fought ought sort – sought daughter thorn – thought draught north – naught caught
41 a) quad – squad b) quadrant c) quail quiet quash – squash quadral quaint quill gosh – quarrel quadrate quake 'quota quality queen qualifi'cation quick
Test yourself: auto,bauble, fault, 'quality, half, 'naughty, coarse, wall, alter, Paul, wash, fought, quart, ought, hoar, walk, 'saucer, 'August, 'quarrel, 'daughter, 'almost, 'Baltic, draw, 'quarter, auto'matic, cause, call, brought, thought, law, caught, false, quantity, hoard, quant, pause, bought, thought, quash, stall, chalk, author.
UNIT 9
42 a) her, ob'serve, 'verses, 'person, re'turn, merge, ab'surd, heard, re'serve b) fur – 'further surd – 'surplus nurse – 'murder fur – 'furnish Turk – 'Turkish surd – 'sturdy fur – 'furnace turk – 'turnip urge – 'urgent curl – 'curly purr – pure plur – lure curt – cure 'purchase – 'turnover 'curtain – cure occur – obs'cure fur – fure c) thirst – third sir – 'circus first – firstly firm – 'firman bird – birch dirt – dirty
[ ¶: ] Read: I observed. I observed an absurd person. I observed the absurd person and I heard her. I observed the absurd person and I heard her recite the verses. When I returned I observed the absurd person and I heard her recite the verses.
43 a) deer beer sere sphere queer ear near veer steer fear Shear smear dear rear tear Here mere spear hear clear b) nearing, steering, fearing, rearing, clearing, cheering
44 a) mire hire tire fire wiry wiring spire sire quire byre miry firing tyre pyre lyre squire hiring tiring
b) ad'mire at'tire de'sire cons'pire re'spire ex'pire re'quire in'spire re'tire c) fine – fire type – tyre fir – fire wide – wire site – sire sir – sire hide – hire mile – mire bird – byre spite – spire pipe – pyre birch – lyre quite – quire ar'rive – ad'mire 'firman – 'fireman 45 a) en'dure pure – purely al'lure pure – purer se'cure pure – purest lure – luring 46 a) poor – poorly b) cute – cure huge – pure poor – poorer rule – poor mule – moor poor – poorest plume – spoor
Test yourself:west, term, sphere, here, breeze, these, were, sere, chest, hem, stress, prefer, bed, germ, further, curtain, smart, burst, learn, pure, near, firm, turn, se'cure, wire, circle, hear, verb, cheer, curve, clear, spoor, cure, nerve, burn, re`tire, queer, fire, dirty, third, require, tyre, re'turn, dear, merge, poor, con'vert, ad'mire, hire, person, sir, fur, 'circuit, 'thermal, surface, university, early, 'thirsty. UNIT 10
47-48 a) mar – mare dark – dare barn – bare car – care spar – spare farm – fare star – stare far – fare harm – hare bar – bare charm – chair tar – tare b) mate – mare wake – ware crate – care rake – rare state – stare bake – bare shake – share fate – fare c) far – car – bar – mar – tar – star car – cart – barn – card – par – carp part – start – tart – smart – cart – art arm – farm – darn – barn – tarn – charm d) cat – cart bad – bard fame – farm escape – scar mat – smart match – march Dane – darn cape – carp cap – cart cad – card shame – charm shape – sharp bat – Bart dad – yard stake – stark spade – spar
e) calf – half half – harm calm – charm calf – scarf balm – barn palm – farm
f) mare bare care dare fare share air pair hair fair their careful prepare parent hairy daring farewell careless
49 a) fair – fairly pail – pair hail – hair air – airship hair – hairless fail – fair air – aim pare – fairy air – airless chain – chair stain – stair b) they – their c) fair – fail dare – daring they – there hair – hail stare – staring they – where rare – rail share – sharing where – there chair – chain care – caring stair – stain pare – parent air – aim flare – flaring
a) was – squash watt – wand watch – wash want – squat b) 'warmer – wormy work – worker c) 'farmer – warder warder – worker wored – woredly 'former – warder wardress – worthy worse – worser varnish – warship warship – worship worst – worsen Cornish – warty re'ward – reword worth – worthy [‘ω¶:ði] barman – wardress a'ward – a word word – wordy corner – warmer 'farther – warmer corny – warship d) tapper – taper – Tarter ladder – lazy – larder chatter – chaser – charter manner – maker – market panty – paper – partner Test yourself:mare, charm, wormy, award, want, worst, forty, ex'plore, worse, store, share, watch, work, born, card, cord, world, more, far, hard, fair, forty, store, yore, York, porch, phone, are, sore, morning, code, core, harm, their, torn, forge, spore, scorch, far, barn, shake, fare, trade, tale, bag, Sam, dare, care, car, mate, smart, card, rare, fate, square, stare, shame, bart, yard, bare, ware, re'ward, re`port, walk, prepare, article, pair.
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10. [ υ: ] перед m, l, n
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13. chв словах англ.
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30. [ ∫ ] в словах
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