Переведите герундий в функции подлежащего.

2. advise, allow, encourage, permit, recommend, require, intend (+ object + to-inf.) followed by an object take a full infinitive whereas they take a gerund when not followed by an object (+ -ing form). (intend can also take a gerund whether the object is mentioned or not) He recommended us to take plenty of exercise. He recommended taking plenty of exercise.

3. it needs / requires / wants can be followed by a gerund or a by a passive infinitive. The car needs servicing / to be serviced.

Verbs taking Infinitive or Gerund with a change in meaning

1. forget + to-infinitive (= fail to remember to do sth) - He forgot to turn off the radio.

forget + gerund (= not to recall a past event) - I’ll never forget seeing the Eiffel Tower for the first time.

 

2. remember + to-infinitive (= not forget to do sth) - Remember to lock the door before you leave the house.

remember + gerund (= recall a past event) - I don’t remember seeing him at a party last night.

 

3. mean + to-infinitive (= intend to) She means to study art in Paris this summer.

mean + gerund (= involve) - I won’t go if it means taking the train during rush hour.

4. go on + infinitive (= finish doing sth and start doing sth else; then; afterwards) - They first discussed the items on the agenda and went on to discuss the budget.

go on + gerund (= continue) - He went on playing the piano in spite of the neighbours’ complaints.

 

5. stop + to-infinitive (= stop temporarily, pause) - They stopped to admire the view as they drove along the mountain road.

stop + gerund (= finish, stop permanently) - They stopped talking when the teacher came into the class.

 

6. regret + to-infinitive (= to be sorry to) - I regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.

regret + gerund (= have second thoughts about sth done) - I regret buying this car because it is always breaking down.

 

7. try + to-infinitive (= attempt) - We tried to persuade him not to go there but he wouldn’t listen.

try + gerund (= do as an experiment) - They tried advertising their business in the local newspaper.

 

8. like + to-infinitive (= find sth good to do) - I like to go to the market early in the morning so that I can pick out the best vegetables.

like + gerund (= enjoy) - I like swimming; it’s my favourite pastime.

would like to + infinitive (= want to) - I would like to meet your friend; he sounds interesting.

 

9. hate + to-infinitive (= not like what one is about to do) - I hate to interrupt you but I need some help.

hate + gerund (= feel sorry for what one is doing) - I hate bothering you at such a late hour.

 

10. dread + to-infinitive (= be afraid (specific) - I dread to think how much he may suffer.

dread + gerund (= fear greatly (general) - I dread going to the doctor.

 

11. propose + to-infinitive (= intend) - I propose to complain about his behaviour.

propose + gerund (= suggest) - I propose trying this new Chinese restaurant.

 

12. be sorry + to-infinitive (= regret) - I am sorry to hear of his illness.

be sorry for + gerund (= apologize) - I am sorry for shouting at you.

 

13. be afraid to + infinitive (= be too frightened to do sth, hesitate) - She was afraid to jump into the pool.

be afraid of + gerund (= be afraid that is referred to by the gerund may happen) - When driving in the rain, I’m afraid of skidding on the wet road.

 

14. be ashamed to + infinitive (the infinitive refers to a subsequent action) - She was ashamed to admit that she had lied.

be ashamed of + gerund (the gerund refers to a present or previous action) - She is ashamed of lying and swears she’ll never do it again.

 

15. would prefer + to-infinitive (specific action) - I would prefer to be left alone just now

prefer + gerund (in general) - I prefer reading spy stories.

Переведите герундий в функции подлежащего.

 

1. Doing is better than saying.
2. Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.
3. Using the word was his mistake.
4. Getting several viewpoints is of importance.
5. defining problems precisely requires patience.
6. Making a decision is a complex process.
7. Considering these problems took us much time.
8. Learning without thought is labour lost; thought without learning is perilous (опасный) (Confucius).
9. Having access to the code was symbolic.
10. Beating a child will do more harm than good.
11. Trying to minimize the importance of the discovery was of no use.
12. His coming was helpful for me.
13. Her going to the conference surprised everyone.
14. Our reporting was a success.
15. Their speaking loudly annoyed me.
16. Falling is a case of motion at constant acceleration.
17. Dividing four by two gives two.
18. Measuring this values gives interesting results.
19. Consulting scientific supervisor is necessary for every postgraduate student.