Text 2. The Harvard Mark I Computer
With World War II blazing on, the US government realized the need to be more innovative to gain the upper hand. Much of the focus was on making rockets and ballistics more precise, so it required complex calculations. At Harvard, the first of the MARK series computers were being built. The MARK I began in 1944. This computer was huge and
filled a room that was 55 feet long by 8 feet high. It contained an amazing array of components. In fact, in all it had over 760,000 parts. It was loud and clicked and clanged like a huge factory. However, the MARK I turned out to be a success. It was utilized by the US Navy for calculations of ballistics. It performed well for the next 15 years, being in service till 1959. The MARK I used prepunched paper tape, it could perform a wide variety of calculations including addition, subtraction, multiplication and division and it was able to hold and reference a previous result used in its calculations. It even had the capability to compute numbers with up to 23 decimal places. As for the vastness of this machine, it was not only loud and had hundreds of thousands of parts, but included 500 miles of wire. While the computer itself was high tech for its time, the output was not digital, the MARK I used a simple electric typewriter to display results. Speed was also lacking with a typical multiplication computation taking from 3 to 5 seconds.
|
