A) Translate the following words from Russian into English and use at least 10 of them in the sentences of your own.

Ever-growing reliance on, disruption, inevitably, repercussions, vulnerable, rapid acceleration, send something into chaos, protective measures, lightning strikes, devastate a target, aircraft ignition, industrial control applications, conductive matter, water main, rot, rudimentary level, optical fibers, to make something mandatory for, all-hazards planning scenarios, highly interconnected digital infrastructure.

 

B) Fill in the gaps with the words given in brackets:

throughout, at, of, from, in, however, when, by, because of, on, until, since

The existence 1)……. the electromagnetic pulse has been known 2) ….… the 1940's 3) ……. nuclear weapons were being developed and tested. 4) ……., because of lack of data, the effects of an EMP were not fully known 5) ……. 1962. 6) ……. this time, the United States was conducting a series of high-altitude atmospheric tests, code named "Fishbowl." The nuclear explosion, "Starfish Prime," which was detonated in the Pacific Ocean 800 miles 7) …… Hawaii, caused an EMP that disrupted radio stations and electrical equipment 8) ……. Hawaii. Consequently, 9) …… 1963, the United States and the Soviet Union signed the Atmospheric Test Ban Treaty to counter the considerable threat posed 10) …….. EMPs. Unfortunately, the destructive potential of an EMP increases everyday as society becomes ever more technological 11) …… an escalating dependence 12) …… electronics.

 

 

Word-building: Revision:

A) Write the correct form of the word in the space:

1) She didn't become famous as a..... until her third novel was published.

2) In Part 2 of the exam your speaking ability will be assessed by the......

3) Have you seen her (collect)..........? She must have over 300 stamps.

4) When she became a teenager he wanted to be more (dependent) ….. from her parents.

5) It was really (honest) …….. of you to take that money without asking.

6) My broken arm means I'll be (able) …….. to go on holiday with you.

7) My belt feels a bit tight after that huge dinner. I think I'll have to (loose).......... it a little.

8) Ann’s boss told her that he (sympathy).......... with her problem but couldn't do anything to help.

9) She smiled (happy).......... when they offered her a promotion.

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