Ex. 464. A. Insert used to or would.

1. When we were young we... spend every summer on the beach. We... swim, sunbathe, catch crabs. 2. We... live in this street. 3.1... meet her and she... say, "Can't stop. I must get home." 4. Mr. Dobson... be very generous to his servants. 5. She... often hear him grumbling to himself. 6. What an agreeable town this... be! 7. On Sundays he... sleep late. 8. My English friends... send me cards at Christmas time. 9. Whenever I went on hikes with my friends, we... make a wood fire, bake potatoes, play the guitar and sing songs. 10. The museum... be in the city centre. 11. — Oh, I've become so absent-minded! — But you... be very punctual. 12. — Does Denny smoke? — He..., but I think he has given it up. 13. Julia never... be aggressive. 14. Every Saturday evening, Father... take out his old accordion and start to play old songs. Mother... look at us severely if we laughed or made a noise. Sometimes Father... go on for hours. 15. My Grandfather... smoke like a chimney. 16. The Romans... enjoy gladiatorial shows.

B. Discuss with other students what you used to do and what you didn't use to do when you were a child (a teenager).

Ex. 465. Translate into English.

1. Я бы очень хотела, чтобы ты не говорила об этом, мама. 2. Мы ждем уже полчаса, а поезда все нет. 3. Давай остановимся! Не годится портить наши хо­рошие отношения. 4. Видишь ли, это выглядело бы странно, если бы ты пошел туда. 5. Мы уговариваем ее уйти на пенсию, но она и слушать не хочет. 6. Он пообещал, что вскоре навестит их. 7. Что-то случи­лось с замком, и чемодан никак не открывался-8. Никто не предполагал, что французы выиграют кубок. 9. Можно подумать, что мир остановился бы без нее. 10. Было бы интересно увидеть его реакцию на эту новость. 11. Мистер Грант, бывало, проводил часы в кабинете, рисуя фамильное древо. 12. Как она ни старалась, сон не шел к ней. 13. Хотелось бы, что­бы вы не курили здесь. 14. — Я слышу звон буты­лок на пороге. — Это точно молочник. 15. Все улики были против него, но он упорно не признавал своей вины. 16. Он пытался что-то сказать, но слова не шли. 17. Он имел обыкновение рассказывать нам о своем детстве. 18. У него было обыкновение принимать таб­летки перед сном? 19. У нее не было привычки спать после обеда. 20. У меня никогда не было обыкнове­ния так говорить.

Ex 466. Fill in the spaces with should (have), would (have).

1. He... do as he is told or it... be the worse for him. 2. He... know better if he were a little older. 3.... the guests arrive before the time, show them into the drawing-room. 4. He has been misled by people who... have known better. 5.1... be ashamed to acknowledge my cowardice, if I were in your place. 6. Most savages... run away if they heard a gun for the first time. 7.1... learn music if I only had the time. 8. God promised Noah after the flood that day and night, summer and winter... not cease, and that there... never come another flood upon the earth. 9. One... see and hear much, and speak little, and one... only believe the half of what he hears. 10. Those who live in glass houses... not throw stones. 11.1 made up my mind that he... pay what he owed me. 12. He was so miserly that he... not give anything to the poor. 13. It seemed so incredible that I... not believe it at first. 14. People who... hear good of themselves,... not listen behind doors. 15. The donkey... not go any faster even when he was beaten. 16.1 said you were wrong, but you were so obstinate that you... listen to it. 17.... misfortune overtake us, we must trust in Providence. 18. You... not be so easily cast down by a small misfortune. 19. He...have written better, if he had had more time. 20.1... have arrived on time, if I had not lost my watch.

 

Ex. 467. Insert the verbs can, could, may, might, should, would

1. It is very curious that you... take that view. 2. It is disappointing that he... know so little. 3. If the enterprise... succeed, he will be a rich man. 4.1 hope I... be famous some day. 5.1... not despair even though I... lose all my money. 6. He declared he... not believe it, even though he... see it with his own eyes. 7. It...be so, though I doubt it. 8. He... perhaps succeed, if he changed his way of living. 9. If there were less ice it... be easy to reach the Pole. 10.1... come and see you next summer, but my plans are not fixed. 11. If the matter were less involved, I... possibly be able to help you. 12. However poor a man... be, he has always something to be thankful for. 13. If it... turn out wet, we must seek shelter where we can. 14.1 am grieved that you... be so overworked. 15. If disaster... come upon us, we will cling to our leader. 16. Pigs... fly, but they... be strange birds. 17. If that... happen, we could only say it was contrary to our experience. 18. Yet we trust that the sun... continue to rise as before, and that we... be alive to enjoy its warmth.

Shall

Ex. 468. Read and translate the sentences Comment on the meanings of the verb shall

1. That's against the law! I shall complain to the council. 2. Well, what shall we do next? 3. Shall I tell you the real reason, sir? 4. Let's go there, shall we? 5. It is a clever piece of work — and useful — as you shall see. 6. "You shall retain your human forms in the Impossible World," said Old Nancy to the spies. "You shall become a hassock. You shall never, never return." 7. — Seek and you shall find. — All right, I shall try. 8. — As a man lives so shall he die. — Yes, as you sow, so shall you reap. 9. Come live with me and you shall know me. 10. Even as the 270

father was so shall the son be. 11. He is your enemy and you shall meet him everywhere. 12. He that has no money, shall need no purse. 13. He that commands well, shall be obeyed well. 14. Fragile articles, money, jewellery, business documents shall not be accepted as checked baggage. 15. Blessed be he who expects nothing, for he shall never be disappointed.

 

Ex 469. Translate into English

1. — Нам остаться дома или же пойти с вами? — Это вам решать. 2. — Мне ответить на телефонный зво­нок? — Да, пожалуйста. 3. Если не последуете моим приказам, то вы меня еще вспомните. 4. Как посеешь, так и пожнешь. 5. Не волнуйся, дорогая, ты получишь это кольцо. 6. Будь спокоен, ты получишь по заслу­гам. 7. Они будут следовать за вами повсюду, как тени. 8. Если послушаешь этого дилера, то точно потеряешь все свои деньги. 9. Она боится, что ей придется отве­чать за свои грехи. 10. Будь уверен, они обеспечат твою полную безопасность. 11. Если все будет в порядке, я позвоню тебе. 12. Не знаю, куда мы поедем отдыхать следующим летом. 13. Учти, ничто не останется без­наказанным. 14. Уверяю вас, ничего подобного боль­ше не произойдет. 15. Что же мне тебе посоветовать?

 

Ex. 470. Read and translate the sentences Comment on the meanings of the verb will

I. And I want you to help me, sir, if you will. 2. People will gossip, it's in their nature. 3.1 will wait for you for a thousand summers till you are back beside me! 4. Now, miss, if you will be so good, listen to me! 5. "I will lead you home if you will trust me," she said. 6. Whatever will be, will be! 7. Keep your mouth shut, will you? 8. — Will you invite them for the weekend? — No, they will be away. 9.1 will take no more "I love you" from you. 10. A wise man changes his mind, a fool never will. 11. There's none so blind as those who will not see 12. Boys will be boys. Sometimes girls will be boys 13. We'd like her to retire but she won't listen. 14. Еmma has a strong character: she will not do what she is told to do. 15. Friends will be friends right to the end. 16. "Bad accidents", he said, "will happen." 17. Well, I'll leave you now if you will excuse me. 18. If you think that a language is hard, it will be hard. 19. He will chair the meeting. Always.

Ex. 471. Look at the following examples and:

1. decide which of them express purely the future. 2 find a way of paraphrasing any examples which don't express futurity, but carry some modal meaning.

1. Will you have another drink? 2. Will you marry me? 3. Do you think the President will win the next election? 4. He will speak with his mouth full. 5. Trespassers will be prosecuted. 6. Opening the door will trigger off the alarm. 7. That will be the postman. 8. Oil will float on water. 9.1 shall do it. I will certainly profit by it. 10. Will you shut up! Truth will out all the same! 11. She will always have it her own way. 12. Will I be happy, will I be rich? 13. The bird will always fly away before the cat can jump on it. 14. If you will wait for me, I'll be right back. 15. He will not accept that some of us are born to rule, and others need to be ruled.

Ex. 472. Translate into English.

1. Что бы ни случилось, я всегда буду с тобой. 2. — А не потанцуешь ли ты со мной? — Потанцую. 3. Он не уверен, что справится с заданием. 4. Пойди погуляй с собакой, хорошо? 5. Преступления не скроешь. Прав­да выйдет наружу. 6. Голос крови обязательно скажет­ся. 7. Студенты есть студенты. Они все равно будут пропускать лекции. 8. Мы уговариваем ее купить ве­чернее платье, но она и слушать не хочет. 9. Справед­ливость все равно восторжествует. 10. Она всегда на­стоит на своем и ни за что не уступит. 11. Я поговорю с тобой, если ты соблаговолишь подождать меня. 12. А сейчас, если вы извините меня, мне и в самом деле пора уходить. 13. Я пытаюсь открыть баночку горчи­цы, но крышка никак не открывается. 14. Дворники в машине никак не работают (windscreen wipers).

 

Eх. 473. Complete the following with the verbs shall (not) or will

Jenny: Dad,... we use cars twenty years from now? Mr. Bell: I think we..., but they... use petrol. They... be electric.

Jenny:... we still have pollution? Mr. Bell: I hope we..., but I'm afraid we.... Jenny: And what... I be like? Mr. Bell: You... be older. Jenny: But... I be different? Mr. Bell: You... be taller.

Jenny: But... I turn green and drive a spaceship? Mr. Bell: Don't worry, Jenny. You... look like a Martian.

2. —... it rain tomorrow? — If it does, I... take an umbrella. 3. — How old... you be next birthday? — I... be thirteen. 4. —... I do the shopping today, Mum? — Dad... do it. 5. There... be many interesting people in your life. 6.1 have eaten three pizzas. I hope I... be ill. 7. You... be a successful man one day.

 

Ex 474. Comment on the use of the verbs shall and will.

1. You can go back to the old life if you want to, but I shall stay with my poetry and my flute and my new life. 2. "Drive carefully, Nigel," Tamara cautioned. "Don't worry, I will. See you later, darling." 3. It's absolutely monstrous! I shall complain to the Dean! 4. "Go back to Paris and leave me alone, Alex." "I will go if you will come with me, yes," he said. 5. But you'd better not try cheating in this school, young lady. I shall be keeping a very careful eye on you from now on! 6. — Happy birthday, Mother! Congratulations! And your present is being delivered later. I hope you will like it. — I'm sure I will darling. 7. Miss Honey turned and walked out of the study feeling depressed but by no means defeated. I am going to do something about this child, she told herself. I don't know what it will be, but I shall find a way to help her in the end. 8. "I don't really want to go beyond that price," she said, "but I will if I have to." 9. When you are ready to leave, I shall take you to dinner at the Ritz. 10.1 will never forget tonight as long as I live.