Звуки английского алфавита

INTRODUCTORY COURSE

 

Гласные звуки: [i: ] [ı ] [æ ] [e] [ɑ ː ] [ʌ ] [ɔ ː ] [ɔ ] [u: ] [u] [ə ː ] [ə ]

[eı ] [aı ] [ou] [au] [ɔ ı ] [ı ə ] [ɛ ə ] [uə ]

 

Согласные звуки: [p] [b] [t] [d] [s] [z] [f] [v] [k] [g] [ʃ ] [ʒ ] [ʧ ] [ʤ ] [θ ] [ð ]

[l] [m] [n] [ŋ ] [h] [r] [w] [j]

 

Ex. 1. Прочитайте следующие слова по буквам:

 

Surface, earth, cause, air, deposit, valley, flood, glacier, ice, weather, nature, environment, volcano, geology, erosion, quality, ecology, industry, pollution, environmental, safety, drought, plant, shower, humidity, lightning, water, wind, pour, south, north, west, east, climate, damage, ozone, acid, dangerous, human, flora, fauna, animal, recycle, temperature, conservation, protection, atmosphere, extinction, scientist, area, sea, pressure, habitant, wildlife, resources, species, ocean, island, equator.

 

Правила чтения
1. a–открытый слог [eı ] закрытый слог [æ ]	blame, fame, vale, blade, tape, lane, make, pale, sat, lamp, bad, fan, pan, lad, sand, van
Прочитайте: lamp, stamp, lake, bad, late, plan, ale, date, vale, bat, nave, tape, pan, fan, blade, lane, cake, brake, wake, flake, cape, Sam, tram, can, bake, tack, glad, hat, maze, grace, trace, skate, sad, bag, Ann, game, sat, lamp
2. e–открытый слог [i: ] закрытый слог [e] ee, ea [i: ]	eve, me, mete, Pete, be net, lend, pen, spent, bent, left, let, bed, men lean, meat, eat, green, bean, please, street, feet
Прочитайте: be, meat, deed, me, step, test, mend, pea, deal, leaf, mean, eve, mete, Pete, net, lend, bet, zeal, bead, keep, pen, spend, bent, sleep, bend, left, Bede, let, den, bed, east, feel, men, ten, best, eke, feed, fleet, leave, kept, slept, feet, met, melt, need, neat, send, zest, lead, see, sea
3. i, y–закрытый слог [ı ]	if, nip, tip, fit, tin, kid, tint, is, did, 'system
4. c–[s] перед e, i, y [k] в ост. случаях	'pencil, space, 'sentence, cent, face, cist, cyst, trace, lace, place, ace, cell can, case, act, cane, cat, cake, candle, camp, clap
Прочитайте: cat, can, space, face, lace, cap, cliff, cell, cent, clap, cyst, clean, 'pencil, 'cystic, cape, 'candle, camp, cane, 'cattle, clamp, cede, cease

 

Ex. 2. Прочитайте следующие слова:

 

1. [i: ]	2. [ı ]	3. [i: ]– [ı ]
be – bead – beat	did – it	beat – bit	read – rid
he – heed – heat	bid – bit	seat – sit	deed – did
fee – feed – feet	lid – lit	feet – fit	lead – lid
see – seed – seat	kid – kit	eat – it	teen – tin
tea – teas – teeth	pill – pit	heap – hip	bean – bin
pea – peas – peace	nib – nip	leak – lick	heel – hill
knee – knees – niece	rib – rip	peak – pick	peel – pill

Ex. 3. Прочитайте следующие слова:

 

1. [æ ]		2. [eı ]		3. [e]
fan	hat	date	make	men	bed
bag	lap	skate	nape	pen	pet
lab	nap	late	sale	den	let
cab	gas	plate	blame	press	bet
pan	plan	state	vale	red	best
ban	'happen	fate	male	sell	mess
ham	'happy	made	place	fell	left
bad	'grammar	trade	lake	bell	'settle

 

Ex. 4. Прочитайте следующие слова:

 

1. [æ ] – [e]	2. [eı ]	3. [æ ] – [eı ]
bat – bet	rat – red	graze – braze	pan – pane	tram – tame
pat – pet	tan – ten	maze – craze	flat – late	mat – mate
at – ate	man – men	ale – sale	can – cane	rat – rate
bad – bed	sat – set	ape – tape	bat – bate	tap – tape
lad – led	bag – beg	cape – crape	hat – hate	lamp – lane
mat – met	Pat – pet	late – tale	glad – glade	fat – flake
sad – send	Dan – den	save – sale	Sam – same	man – mane

Ex. 5. Прочитайте следующие слова:

a) cist – cyst cab – cad – cam since – pence hence – trace

cell cent can – camp – cap mince – fence since – mince

 

b) bat – bet – bade ass – mess – mace man – men – mane

bad – bed – bade dam – den – dame cab – ken – cane

flat – let – late pan – pen – pane lamp – led – lane

 

c) bag – lag – hag – brag – crag

beg – leg – keg – peg – Greg

big – pig – brig – dig – jig

 

d) it – lid prim – brim trip – big him – grip it – did

bit – bid rip – rib strip – pin list – still kit – kid

nip – nib strip – trim miss – print rill – frill pin – bin