Study the Vocabulary Notes and translate the illustrative examples into Russian. A. 1. The path turned to a rocky track which brought them out on the main road

2. Translate the following sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the words and word combinations in bold type:

A. 1. The path turned to a rocky track which brought them out on the main road. 2. How much do you know of your friend Pyle? — Not very much. Our tracks cross, that's all. 3. To say that he had hidden his tracks would be untrue. He had made no tracks to hide. 4. We saw the outlines of the tower in the distance. 5. The old oak-tree was beautifully outlined against the blue sky. 6. And in a few simple words he outlined Ann's appeal to him. 7. The soles of his feet were rough and callous from walking. 8. Losing two sons in the war was rough on her. 9. How well can this truck take rough ground? 10. The table is made of rough planks. 11. Here'§ a rough draft of my speech. 12. It's the one point on which Harry and I do not see eye to eye. 13. He caught my eye and hurried into explana­tions. 14. I can assure you that I never set eyes upon him. 15. He moved a little farther along the road measuring the wall with his eye. 16. You'd better stay here and keep an eye on him. I'll ring up the police. 17. We had coffee. — No wonder you're wakeful.

18. Wonders are many, and nothing is more wonderful than man.

19. He knew that Robert had not sent for him to talk about the weather, and wondered when he was coming to the point.

B. 1. You'll easily recognize him; he walks with a slight limp. 2. I think he was born lame. 3. June always fussed over her lame ducks. 4. I pulled myself together, made some lame explanations and we went downstairs together. 5. You must have heard of Limp­ing Lucy — a lame girl with a crutch. 6. Put a mark against the names of the absent pupils. 7. You can't have done such a dreadful thing as to put off going there for our sake. 8. The news put an end to our hopes. 9. Can you put up some extra guests for the night? 10. He was evidently unused to the society of writers and we all tried in vain to put him at his ease. 11. I telephoned my friends putting off the small party I had arranged for the evening. 12. "I haven't thought about it lately," he wanted to add, "not since I met you," but an odd shyness held him back. 13. She is very shy by nature. 14. He is shy of showing his emotions. 15. Now I have lost my timidity and shyness with strangers. 16. He is tall and spare and holds himself well. 17. Just for the moment there was a terrible temptation to hold his tongue as his visit to them was not known by anyone. 18. She went on speaking desperately seeking to hold his arrested attention. 19. Her youth being over, what did the fu­ture hold for her? 20. It was comparatively cool, and I was glad to stretch my legs after the long voyage. 21. He got up, stretched himself, and leant over the window sill. 22. He stretched out his long thin hands to the blaze, aware of relief from tension. 23. The girl stretched her neck and peeped over the edge of the fence.

3. Paraphrase the following sentences using your Essential Vocabulary:

A. 1. I'm afraid I've completely lost touch with him. 2. She stum­bled along the steep path that led up the hill. 3. The man was sure he had well concealed his movement. 4. The mystery bored him and he could not follow the plot. 5. The hounds were in pursuit of the fox. 6. I know I've done wrong. 7. The quaint ancient castle stood out against the dark sky. 8. The student was asked to give the main points of the historical event. 9. She had told me in her letters the main facts of her life. 10. The sea is not calm today. 11. His rude manner frightened the children. 12. Should the weather be windy do not think of riding. 13. What he told me made the true state of affairs known to me. 14. I hope we see the matter in the same way. 15. I never saw her before. 16. She gave me a loving look. 17. His words made me understand their plans. 18. You should look after the children when they are playing. 19. He was quick to see a pretty girl. 20. A half-indignant mutter arose about him, but he refused to see or listen to it.

B. 1. Television is one of the remarkable things. 2. It's not sur­prising that your words sent her temper up. 3. I'm surprised at her saying that. 4. I'm anxious to know what she told you. 5. Melody doubted if she would ever find the courage to dare to confide in Sarah. 6. This is an unconvincing argument, it does not prove any­thing. 7. How would you express this in French? 8. The outbreak of dysentery was attributed to bad drinking-water. 9. I'll speak on your behalf, I promise. 10. His modesty is not genuine. 11. He was very much worried by the loss of the document. 12. Let's post­pone our hiking tour until the weather is better. 13. Don't hesitate to ring me up any time. I'll be in the whole day. 14. She held out her fragile hand to her cousin and touched his wife softly with the other. 15. He lay full length on the settee and watched the canary hop about in its cage. 16. Hurst parish extends over miles of sandy lowland and sandstone hill. 17. The meeting took place in the hospital dining-room. 18. He had been careful to be silent on the subject. 19. She did not know whether or not to stretch out her hand.

4. Explain or comment on the following sentences:

A. 1. I lost all track of time. This was wonderful. 2. He had cov­ered his tracks to the last inch. 3. You're on the wrong track. 4. It was that that put our friend on the track of what had happened.

5. I hope you don't expect me to keep track of all the details?

6. The dim white outline of her summer dress was all that I could see. 7. I begin to see — not what you would like me to see — the outlines of a face and form — but the outlines of a mind. 8. He was prepared to take the rough with the smooth. 9. Mrs. Steptoe be­lieves in treating poor relations rough. 10. Hance was an^old man with a rough tongue and compassionate eyes. 13. She shook hands very firmly, looking me straight in the eyes. 12. Do you mind run­ning your eye over these accounts? 13. Well, I don't suppose there's hope of opening your eyes to the realities of life. 14. The im­age of the girl rose before his eyes. 15. She sees everything through her mother's eyes. 16. She told me the article in outline, but I read it myself. 17. He outlined the events of those stirring days. 18.1 can never get over the wonders of modern science. 19. The Christmas tree, of what they had never seen the likes, filled them with admir­ing wonder. 20. Finch wondered if he should embrace the boy — give him a hug and a kiss. 21. It's a wonder you got here at all. 22. The X-ray treatment has worked wonders with him.

B. 1. A lean old gentleman rose from his chair and limped for­ward to meet him. 2. He tried to put me off with promises. 3. This will put me to considerable expense. 4. I can't put up with this noise any longer. 5. Don't put on that air of injured dignity. 6. He tried to put the incident out of his mind. 7. I think in those days we were a little shy of our emotions. 8. I thought if we had spent one evening alone together perhaps he wouldn't be too shy to ask me of his own accord another time. 9. He is capable of speaking 24 hours at a stretch. 10. Wet railway tracks stretched into the desolate distance. 11. The future stretched in front of us, un­known, unseen. 12. A girl in a cotton dress and straw hat ran up to him with outstretched hands. 13. You have the air of one who holds all the cards. 14. She can hold her own with anyone and she never stands any nonsense. 15. Can I suggest an alternative solu­tion that will hold water? 16. I'd like to be able to hold up my head in this town.

5. Choose the right word:

shy— timid

1. A bold man by nature, he was as... as a boy in the presence of women. 2. "The soup is beastly!" old Osborne roared, in answer to a... look of inquiry from his daughter.

shy— self-conscious

1. She was obviously wearing her best clothes and had the... wooden smile on her face. 2. The girl looked at the man with a... smile.

rude — rough

1. Though... in manner and speech the old soldier was at heart kind and considerate. 2. Squire Western was... to the servants and the women of his household.

rough — coarse

1. The surface of the stone is.... It needs polishing. 2. The fire gleamed on the... white tablecloth.

 

 

6.Translate the following sentences into English:

A 1. Наш поезд на пятом пути, пошли скорее. 2. Проваливаясь в глубокий снег, гончая шла по следу зайца. 3. Он не такой человек, который пойдет по проторенному пути. 4. Я потеряла нить его рас­суждений и не могла понять, о чем он говорит. 5. За железнодорож­ными путями было поле, которое простиралось до самого горизонта. 6. Вот краткий план моего доклада. Может быть, вы просмотрите его? 7. К сожалению, у меня нет этой статьи с собою, но, если хотите, я могу рассказать вам вкратце ее содержание. 8. Дорога была неров­ной от следов бесчисленных колес. 9. Мужчина был в коротком паль­то из грубой ткани и без шляпы. 10. Руки женщины огрубели от стир­ки и мытья посуды. 11. Я не советую вам писать работу на черновике, у вас не хватит времени переписать ее. 12. Боюсь, что отец и я по- разному смотрим на этот вопрос. 13. С ней что-то случилось, понаб­людай за ней. 14. Он пробежал глазами список и увидел свое имя. 15. Он умный художник и хорошо видит цвет. 16. Кукла была так хо­роша, что девочка смотрела на нее во все глаза. 17. Я приехал сюда с намерением разобраться в этом деле. 18. Она не могла вдеть нитку в иголку, так как ушко было очень маленьким. 19. Мальчик поймал взгляд учителя и перестал разговаривать. 20. Не удивительно, что хо­лодно, ведь открыто окно. 21. Интересно, почему врач отказался от медицинской практики? 22. Не понимаю, как можно быть такой бес­тактной?

В. 1. Что это вы хромаете на правую ногу? — Я поскользнулась и подвернула ногу. 2. Тим заметил, что девушка шла, слегка прихра­мывая. 3. Она придумала какую-то неудачную историю, чтобы оп­равдать свое опоздание. 4. Старик поправил (shifted) жесткую, наби­тую соломой подушку и натянул одеяло. 5. У вас есть ручка? Я боюсь, что забуду ваш адрес, если не запишу его. 6. У меня все гото­во. Отложи работу и давай ужинать. 7. Пора убирать зимние вещи, а то их попортит моль. 8. Я объясняю все его неудачи недостатком уверенности в себе. 9. Я достаточно хорошо его знаю и уверен, что он справится с этой работой. Надо замолвить за него словечко, а то работу могут поручить кому-нибудь другому, а она его очень инте­ресует. 10. Мы не можем принять это предложение, не обдумав все как следует. Давайте отложим решение до завтра. 11. То, что замет­ку поместили на первой странице, говорит о важности этого собы­тия. 12. Почему вы хотите остановиться в гостинице? Оставайтесь у нас и живите сколько хотите, у нас много места. 13. «Я не желаю мириться с твоей ленью, — сказал отец, — ты должен сделать эту работу сегодня». 14. Она мне показалась умной девочкой, но очень застенчивой. 15. «Вот ваша комната. Если вам что-нибудь понадо­бится, не стесняйтесь, позовите меня», — сказала хозяйка. 16. Де­вочка совсем смутилась, когда я обратилась к ней. 17. Эти шерстя­ные носки очень сели, нельзя ли их как-нибудь растянуть? 18. Анна протянула веревку между двумя деревьями и стала вешать на нее белье. 19. Финли постелил плащ на мокрую траву и улегся на нем. 20. «Я не знаю, почему им надо проводить судебное разбирательство здесь, у меня», — сказал мистер Уайт. 21. Ты думаешь, что этот па­кет выдержит, если положить туда яблоки? 22. Он задержал дыха­ние и прислушался. 23. Это временное потепление. Такая погода долго не продержится. 24. В этот момент мальчик выпустил веревку и шлепнулся на землю.

7.Give English equivalents for the following phrases:

оставлять следы; замести следы; избитый путь; вырисовываться на фоне; растрепанные волосы; черновик; присматривать за...; от­крыть кому-л. глаза на...; строить глазки; смотреть сквозь пальцы на что-л.; знать в чем-л. толк; с намерением; хромать на правую (левую) ногу; неудачная отговорка; выбросить из головы; ввести в расходы; примириться; застенчивая улыбка; размять ноги; без перерыва; про­тянуть руку; скрыть что-л.; схватить за

8.Give situations in which you would say the following:

1.1 have still a lot to do. 2. My head is as heavy as lead. 3. Don't you keep track of current events? 4. And how did you get hold of the chance? 5. It's right in so far as I'll continue to hold my tongue. 6. What a lame kind of explanation! 7. She is the apple of my moth­er's eye. 8. You and me do not see eye to eye on this point. 9. Why do you never put things in their right places? 10. Put yourself in my place. 11. I don't know how to put it. 12. Put in a word for me. 13. I think a lot of that is put on. 14. Will she ever come, I wonder! 15. Wonders will never cease! 16. It's doing wonders for me!

9.Make up and act out dialogues on the suggested topics using the given words and word combinations:

1. A young couple discussing whether they could afford buying a car. (to put aside (money), to go on a trip, to be like nothing else on earth, to have a good rest, to put smth. out of one's mind, a rest­ful life, to put smb. to expenses, to put off)

2. Two friends have lost their way in the forest, (to follow a track through the forest, according to, to strike smb. as, to look like, the outline(s) of, to wonder, to hurt smb., to go lame, to show smb. the way, to stretch oneself)

3. Two tenth-form pupils are discussing what institute to enter, (a bent for, to be aware of, to wonder at, to put smth. out of one's mind)

4. Two friends on a tramp discussing the landscape, (to be con­scious of, a rough day, to have an eye for, to wonder at, to break into flower)

 

10.Make up and practise short situations using the following words and word combinations:

1.rough sea; to put out; to catch hold of smth.; to limp

2.to keep an eye on; lame excuse; to put on; to hold smth. back

3.to cover up one's tracks; with an eye to; to wonder at; to run one's eyes over

4.rough day; to follow the tracks of; at a stretch; to be outlined against

11.Find in Text Eight and write out phrases in which the prepositions or ad­verbs 'up', 'down' are used. Translate the phrases into Russian.

12.Fill in prepositions or adverbs:

1. My sister was very ill and I had to sit... all night with her. 2. This little stream never dries.... 3. You have worked very well so far; keep it.... 4. You have got the story all mixed.... 5. The house was burnt... before the fire-brigade came. 6. The sleeves of my dress are too short. I must ask the tailor to let them... an inch. 7. We can't buy that car just yet, but we are saving.... 8.... dinner I'll wash.... 9. Sit..., there is plenty... room... everyone. 10. Your coat collar is... the back, shall I turn it...? 11. Don't stand... a high tree during a thunderstorm, 12. I can't use my office now it is... repair. 13. I did this... orders. 14.... the circumstances I will not give you any extra work. 15. He is... age and cannot be allowed to be independent.

13.Translate the following sentences into English. Pay attention to the prep­ositions:

1. В пять утра я была уже на ногах и, не теряя времени, принялась за работу. 2. Повесьте ваше пальто здесь, я покажу вам, как пройти в его комнату. 3. Я подняла носовой платок. Это не ваш? 4. Ее родите­ли умерли, когда она была еще маленькой, и ее воспитала тетя. Она ей как мать теперь. 5. Мальчик перевернул ящик вверх дном, и иг­рушки рассыпались по всему полу. 6. Я не ложилась всю ночь и сей­час с ног валюсь от усталости. 7. Давайте поднимемся на этот холм, оттуда очень красивый вид на реку. 8. Вчера мама упала с лестницы и повредила ногу. Я очень беспокоюсь о ней. 9. Я неважно себя чув­ствую, пожалуй, я пойду прилягу. 10. Я не люблю смотреть вниз с большой высоты, у меня кружится голова. 11. Лучше запишите мой адрес в записную книжку, вы можете потерять этот листок бумаги. 12. Большая часть города оказалась под водой. 13. Мальчик лет пяти сидел за партой один. 14. Многие писатели публикуют свои произве­дения под вымышленными именами. 15. Студенты проводили экспе­римент под руководством профессора.

CONVERSATION AND DISCUSSION

MAN AND NATURE

Topical Vocabulary

1. Natural resources and attractions: minerals, (fresh) water- supplies (reservoirs), floods, rainfalls, vegetation, greenery, wood- land(s), forestry, wildlife, animal kingdoms (population), flora and fauna, arable land (soil), cultivated land, open land, "green" belts, recreation areas, coastal areas, country (national) parks, clear landscapes, public open spaces.

2. Environment and man: to link man to nature, to adapt to en­vironment, to be preoccupied with economic growth, unrestricted industrialization, the sprawl of large-built areas, industrial zoning, to upset the biological balance, to abuse nature, to disfigure (litter) the landscape, ecology, ecosystem, to be environment-conscious, to be environment-educated.

3. Environmental destruction and pollution: land pollution, derelict land, industrial wastes, the by-products of massive indus­trialization, to dump waste materials on land, extensive use of agrochemicals, the denudation of soil, the toxic fall-outs of ma­terials, water pollution, a dropping water level, to face the fresh­water supply problem, depletion of water resources, the disrup­tion of water cycle, marine pollution, oil spillage, air (atmospheric) pollution, the air pollution index, to produce foul air, to exhaust toxic gases (fuel), combustion of fuel, concentra­tions of smoke in the air, dust content in the air, radiation, high (low) radioactivity, to store (disperse) radioactive wastes, noise of­fenders (pollutants), merciless killing of animals, destruction (if animal habitats.

4. Nature conservation and environment protection: a global imperative for environment, global environmental security, to pre­serve ecosystems, to create disaster-prevention programmes, to harmonize industry and community, plants and people, conser­vation movement, to preserve woodlands, to protect and repro­duce animal (fish, bird) reserves, to fight pollution, to install anti­pollution equipment, to minimize noise disturbance, to reduce pol­lution, to dispose garbage (litter, wastes) in designated areas.