Перечень экзаменационных вопросов и тестовых заданий4. One of the chief features characterizing an analytical language is…. A) a wide use of prepositions which denote relations between objects and to connect words in the sentence. B) a wide use of conjunctions which denote relations between objects and to connect words in the sentence. C) a wide use of prepositions which denote relations between objects and to connect sounds in the sentence. D) a wide use of morphemes which denote relations between objects and to connect words in the sentence. E) a wide use of syllables which denote relations between objects and to connect words in the sentence. 5. … is the part of grammar, which treats of the forms of words. A) Morphology B) Metonymy C) Syntax D) Lexicology E) Metaphor 6. … is the smallest meaningful unit into which a word form may be divided. A) Morpheme B) Theorem C) Theory D) Axiom E) Sentence 7. The form “ writers” can be divided into … morphemes. A) 3 B) 2 C) 1 D) 4 E) 5 8. the morpheme – writ- in “writers” expresses … A) the basis lexical meaning on the word B) the idea of agent performing the action C) number D) modality E) voice 9. the morpheme – er- in “writers” expresses … A) the idea of agent performing the action B) the basis lexical meaning on the word C) number D) modality E) voice 10. the morpheme – s in “writers” expresses A) number B) the basis lexical meaning on the word C) the idea of agent performing the action D) modality E) voice 11. Two or more morphemes may sound the same but be basically different, that is they may be … A) homonyms B) antonyms C) synonyms D) allophones E) telephones 12. What morpheme denotes the comparative degree of adjectives and adverbs? A) -er B) -est C) -ed D) -s E) –ing 13. The absence of a morpheme indicating a certain meaning is … morpheme. A) Zero B) Zed C) Zodiac D) Negative E) Negotiate 14. … morphemes serve to build words. A) Derivation B) Inflection C) Infected D) Driving E) Informational 15. … morphemes have no lexical meaning or function. A) Inflection B) Derivation C) Infected D) Driving E) Informational 16. The term … is taken in a wide sense and applied to any morpheme coming after the root morpheme, whether it is derivative or inflectional. A) Suffix B) Prefix C) Inflection D) Ending E) Suffice 17. The term … is applied to any morpheme serving to derive a grammatical form and having no lexical meaning of its own. A) Inflection B) Suffix C) Suffice D) Surface E) Infection 18. … types of word-form derivation are those limited to changes in the body of the word, without having recourse to auxiliary words. A) Synthetic B) Analytical C) Syntagmatic D) Analysis E) Synchronic 19. … types of word-form derivation are those implying the use of auxiliary words. A) Analytic B) Synthetic C) Syntagmatic D) Synchronic E) Analysis 20. … is a type of word differing from other types in some grammatical point or points. A) Part of speech B) Part of a body C) Party D) Paradigm E) Parallel 21. … is a type of word different from all other types in that it alone has the grammatical category of tense. A) The Verb B) The Noun C) The Adjective D) The Pronoun E) The Adverb 22. Find the principles of the parts of speech classifications A) Meaning, form, function B) Measure, furniture, fiction C) Moisturizer, flexion, functional D) Meaningless, formless, functionless E) Miniature, furniture, fiction 23. … have the category of number. A) Nouns B) Verbs C) Adjectives D) Conjunctions E) Prepositions 24. … have the category of case. A) Nouns B) Verbs C) Adjectives D) Conjunctions E) Prepositions 25. The noun may be found in the sentence A) in any function the exception of that of a simple verbal predicate. B) in the function of subject and object C)in the function of subject, predicative and object D) in the function of subject, attribute and object E) in the function of attribute and object 26. The … is characterized by the morphological category of tense. A) verb B) noun C) pronoun D) adjective E) adverb 27. The … is characterized by the morphological category of aspect. A) verb B) noun C) pronoun D) adjective E) adverb 28. The … is characterized by the morphological category of mood. A) verb B) noun C) pronoun D) adjective E) adverb 29. The … is characterized by the morphological category of voice. A) verb B) noun C) pronoun D) adjective E) adverb 30. The … is characterized by the morphological category of person. A) verb B) noun C) pronoun D) adjective E) adverb 31. The nouns which have only a plural and no singular are usually termed …. A) pluralia tantum B) singularia tantum C) plur tant D) sing tant E) pluralia singularia 32. The nouns which have only a singular and no plural are termed …. A) singularia tantum B) pluralis tantum C) plur tant D) sing tant E) pluralia singularia 33. … nouns are nouns taken to denote the group as a whole. A) Collective B) Colette C) Collocate D) Collate E) Collects 34. … are taken to denote the group as consisting of a certain number of individual human beings (or animal). A) Nouns of multitude B) Collective nouns C) Nouns of multiplication D) Nouns of money E) Collects nouns 35. … is a part of the sentence. It denotes the things whose action or characteristic is expressed by the predicate. A) Subject B) Predicate C) Object D) Attribute E) Adverbial modifier 36. … is a part of speech. It denotes the action or property of the thing expressed by the subject. A) Predicate B) Subject C) Object D) Attribute E) Adverbial modifier 37. Find the sentence in which the verb “ have” has its lexical meaning. A) He has three children. B) He has invited me to the party. C) Have you been waiting for me for three hours? D) He had come to the time I left. E) He had to work there. 38. Find the sentence in which the verb “do” has its lexical meaning. A) I did it yesterday. B) I do not make my home work. C) Do make my hairdo twice a month! D) Do I dominate you? E) Do you make my hairdo? 39. Find the suffix of abstract noun A) ship B) ant C) en D) ful E) able 40. Find the suffix of concrete noun A) ant B) ness C) ed D) en E) ful 41. Find the suffix of abstract noun A) ness B) ed C) en D) able E) ing 42. … is the part of grammar, which treats of forms of phrases and sentences. A) Syntax B) Morphology C) Metonymy D) Sentence E) Subject 43. The meaning of the Verb is … A) process B) thingness C) property D) unknown E) half known 44. The adjective expresses … A) property B) process C) thingness D) unknown E) connection 45. … denote either number or place in a sentence. A) Numerals B) Nouns C) Verbs D) Pronouns E) Conjunctions 46. Meaning of the … is property of an action or of a property. A) adverb B) verb C) noun D) conjunctions E) interjection 47. The meaning of … is obviously that of relations between things and phenomena. A) prepositions B) phrasal verbs C) pronoun D) verbs E) nouns 48. … express connections between things and phenomena. A) Conjunctions B) Phrasal verbs C) Pronoun D) Verbs E) Nouns 49. … express the speaker’s evaluations of the relations between an action and reality. A) Modal verbs B) Conjunctions C) Prepositions D) Pronoun E) Phrasal verbs 50. … express feelings. They are not names of feelings but the immediate expression of them. A) Interjections B) Prepositions C) Pronoun D) Phrasal verbs E) Modal verbs 51. … form degrees of comparison. A) Adjectives B) Nouns C) Conjunctions D) Prepositions E) Numerals 52. The meaning of the… as a part of speech can be stated as follows: they point to the things and properties without naming them. A) pronoun B) noun C) verb D) adjective E) conjunction 53. Functionalapproach in language analysis deals with.... A) the language ‘in action’ B) the language ‘in history’ C) the language ‘in lexicology’ D) the language ‘in approach’ E) the language ‘in philosophy’ 54. The aim of practicalgrammaris the description of grammar rules that are necessary.... A) to understand and formulate sentences B) to offer explanation for grammar rules C) to offer explanation for traffic rules D) to offer explanation for law rules E) to understand and formulate items 55.The aim of theoretical grammar is.... A) to offer explanation for grammar rules B) to understand and formulate sentences C) to offer explanation for traffic rules D) to offer explanation for law rules E) to understand and formulate items 56. The meaning of the Verb is …. A) state B) substance C) property D) unknown E) half known 57. Grammar may be.... A) practical and theoretical B) practical and synthetic C) agglutinative and theoretical D) figurative and theoretical E) discriptive and theoretical 58. Linguistic units (or in other words – signs) can go into three types of relations: A) referential, syntactic and pragmatic. B) referential, syntactic and theoretical. C) figurative, syntactic and pragmatic. D) referential, discriptive and pragmatic. E) figurative, syntactic and discriptive. 59. Ways of linguistic analysis are A) semantic, syntactic and pragmatic. B) semantic, syntactic and paragigmatic. C) figurative, syntactic and pragmatic. D) logical, syntactic and pragmatic. E) semantic, practical and pragmatic. 60) In the structure of language there are four main structural levels: A) phonological, morphological, syntactical and supersyntatical. B) semantic, morphological, syntactical and supersyntatical. C) phonological, pragmatic, syntactical and supersyntatical. D) phonological, logical, syntactical and supersyntatical. E) practical, morphological, syntactical and supersyntatical. 61. The … is studied on the phonological level of the languauge. A) phoneme B) word C) word form D) word-group E) morpheme 62. A phoneme is – А) a distinctive unit. .В) a naming unit. С) the smallest meaningful unit. D) a unit. Е) the naming meaningful unit. 63. The morphological level has two level units: A) the `morpheme and the word. B) the `morpheme and the word-group. C) the word-group and the word. D) the `morpheme and the sentence. E) the sentence and the word. 64. The syntactical level has two level units: A) the word-group and the sentence. B) the `morpheme and the word-group. C) the word-group and the word. D) the `morpheme and the sentence. E) the text and the sentence. 65. The supersyntactical level has A) the text as its level unit. B) the word-group. C) the word-group. D) the sentence. E) the text and the sentence. 66. Aristotle was the first... A) who described the syntactic structure of a sentence. B) who described the analytic structure of a sentence. C) who described the semantic structure of a sentence. D) who described the functional structure of a sentence. E) who described the linguistic structure of a sentence. 67. In the West, the school of thought that came to be known as.... A) "traditional grammar" B) "modern grammar" C) "practical grammar" D) "shift grammar" E) "rhetorical grammar" 68. "traditional grammar" began with the work of.... A) Dionysius Thrax. B) Panini C) W. Bullokar D) H. Sweet E) O. Jespersen 69. Moscow Linguistic Circle founded in …. A) 1915 B) 1916 C) 1945 D) 1933 E) 1943 70. By Chomsky, when a child is born he…. A) is already aware of a certain language B) is already kind of figurative language C) is already proud of mother tongue D) is already aware of a history of a language E) is already aware of a syntactical system of a language 71. The most important and valuable contribution of the Prague Linguistic Circle was …. A) the distinction between theme and rheme B) the description of the syntactic structure of a sentence C) the distinction, between phoneme and morpheme D) the distinction, between grammar and lexicology E) the distinction, between theory and practice of grammar 72. The distinction between language and speech was made by.... A) Ferdinand de Saussure B) Wilhelm von Humboldt C) Port Royal D) S.G.Ter-Minasova E) P.G.Kozlov 73. Paradigmatic relations can be of three types: A) semantic, formal and functional. B) semantic, formal and pragmatic. C) synthetic, formal and functional. D) semantic, analytical and functional. E) pragmatic, synthetic and functional. 74.Syntagmatic relations can be of three types: A) coordinate, subordinate and predicative. B) semantic, formal and pragmatic. C) synthetic, formal and functional. D) semantic, analytical and functional. E) pragmatic, synthetic and functional. 75. Indo-European languages are classified into two structural types – A) synthetic and analytic. B) agglutinative and analytic. C) elective and analytic. D) synthetic and agglutinative. E) elective and agglutinative. 76. Morphology deals with.... A) the internal structure of words and peculiarities of their grammatical categories B) the semantic structure of words C) the analytic structure of words and peculiarities of their grammatical description D) synthetic structure of words and peculiarities of their articulation E) lexical structure of words and peculiarities of their transcription 77.Lexical meaning is.... A) the individual meaning of the word B) the meaning of the whole class C) a whole set of regularities determining the combination of naming units in the formation of utterances D) a means of storing and forming ideas as reflections of reality and exchanging them in the process of human communication E) the meaning of a subclass 78.Grammatical meaning is.... A) the meaning of the whole class or a subclass B) the individual meaning of the word C) a whole set of regularities determining the combination of naming units in the formation of utterances D) a means of storing and forming ideas as reflections of reality and exchanging them in the process of human communication E) the distinctive meaning of the word 79. The grammatical meaning may be.... A) explicit and implicit B) expressive and implicit C) explicit and impressive D) expressive and impressive E) concrete and abstract 80. The implicit grammatical meaning may be of two types – A) general and dependent. B) expressive and impressive. C) concrete and common. D) expressive and impressive. E) concrete and explicit. 81. The objective category of time finds its representation… A) in the grammatical category of tense. B) in the grammatical category of voice. C) in the grammatical category of aspect. D) in the grammatical category of gender. E) in the grammatical category of number. 82. There are... approaches to the problem of the number of parts of speech. A) four B) six C) five D) eleven and thirteen E) twelve 83. Name four approaches to the problem of the number of parts of speech: A) classical (logical-inflectional), functional, distributional and complex. B) classical (logical-inflectional), referential, distributional and complex. C) classical (logical-inflectional), functional, analytical and complex. D) classical (logical-inflectional), functional, distributional and static. E) common, functional, distributional and complex. 84. In modern linguistics, by this approach parts of speech are discriminated according to three criteria: semantic, formal and functional. A) complex B) synhetical C) classical D) distributional E) analytical 85. The classical parts of speech theory.... A) goes back to ancient times B) goes back to Middle English Period C) goes back to Elizabeth century D) goes back to Enlightenment E) goes back to Renaissance 86. Functional approach to the problem of the number of parts of speech was developed by.... A) Henry Sweet B) Ferdinand de Saussure C) Wilhelm von Humboldt D) Ch. Fries E) S.G.Ter-Minassova 87. A distributional approach to the problem of the number of parts of speech was developed by.... A) Charles Fries B) Henry Sweet C) Wilhelm von Humboldt D) Port Royal E) Ferdinand de Saussure 88. Objective category of quantity finds its representation … A) in the grammatical category of number. B) in the grammatical category of case. C) in the grammatical category of gender. D) in the grammatical category of voice. E) in the grammatical category of mood. 89. According to the type of nomination nouns may be.... A) proper and common B) animate and inanimate C) countable and uncountable D)abstract and conceptual E)proper and individual 90. According to the form of existence nouns may be.... A) animate and inanimate B) proper and common C) human and non-human D)abstract and conceptual E)proper and individual 91. Animate nouns fall into.... A) human and non-human B) animate and inanimate C) proper and common D)abstract and conceptual F) proper and individual 92. According to their quantitative structure nouns can be... A) countable and uncountable B) animate and inanimate C) proper and common D)abstract and conceptual E)proper and individual 93. In accordance with the morphological structure of the stems all nouns can be classified into: A) simple, derived, compound and composite. B) complex, derived, compound and composite. C) simple, common, compound and composite. D) simple, derived and composite. E) complex, common, compound and composite. 94. The singular form of number of nouns may denote: A) oneness, generalization and indiscreteness. B) the existence of several objects and generalization. C) generalization and the inner discreteness. D) the existence of several objects and oneness. E) indiscreteness and the inner discreteness. 95. The plural form of number of nouns may denote: A) the existence of several objects and the inner discreteness. B) the existence of several objects and generalization. C) generalization and the inner discreteness. D) the existence of several objects and oneness. E) indiscreteness and the inner discreteness. 96. Case expresses …. A) the relation of a word to another word in the word-group or sentence B) the relation of a sound to another sound in the sound -group or sentence C) the relation of a sentence to another sentence in the sentence -group or sentence D) the relation of a syllable to another syllable in the syllable -group or syllable E) the relation of a text to another text in the text -groups or text itself 97. The verb possesses the following grammatical categories: A) tense, aspect, voice, mood, person, number, finitude and phase. B) aspect, voice, mood, person, number, finitude and phase. C) tense, voice, mood, person, number, finitude and phase. D) tense, aspect, mood, person, number, finitude and phase. E) tense, aspect, voice, number, finitude and phase. 98. The category of tense is a verbal category that reflects.... A) the objective category of time B) the objective category of concepts C) the objective category of properties D) the objective category of qualities E) the objective category of quantities 99. The Transformational grammar as a method of analyzing sentences was first suggested by... A) American scholar Zelling Harris B) British scholar Henry Sweet C) Swiss scholar Ferdinand de Saussure D) German scholar Wilhelm von Humboldt E) Russian scholar S.G.Ter-Minassova 100. Constructional analysis of syntactic units was initiated by.... A) Prof. G.Pocheptsov B) Prof. Henry Sweet C) Prof. Ferdinand de Saussure D) Prof. Wilhelm von Humboldt E) Prof. S.G.Ter-Minasova 101. Constructional analysis of syntactic units was initiated by Prof. G.Pocheptsov in.... A) 1971 B)1917 C) 1961 D) 1968 E) 1970 102. Speech Act Theory was first introduced.... A) by John Austin A) by G.Pocheptsov B) by Henry Sweet C) by Ferdinand de Saussure D) by Wilhelm von Humboldt 103. The syntactic units can go into three types of syntactic relations: A) Coordination, subordination and predication. B)Transformation, subordination and predication. C) Coordination, neglecting and predication. D) Coordination, subordinative and predication. E) Coordination and predication. 104. Syntactic meaning.... А) is the way in which separate word meanings are combined to produce meaningful word-groups and sentences B) may be described as the distributional formula of the unit (pattern) C) is the function of a unit on the basis of which it is included to a larger unit D) is the position of an element E) is syntagmatic relation observed between syntactic units 105. Syntactic form.... А) may be described as the distributional formula of the unit (pattern) B) is the way in which separate word meanings are combined to produce meaningful word-groups and sentences C) is the function of a unit on the basis of which it is included to a larger unit D) is the position of an element E) is syntagmatic relation observed between syntactic units 106. Syntactic function.... А) is the function of a unit on the basis of which it is included to a larger unit B) may be described as the distributional formula of the unit (pattern) C) is the way in which separate word meanings are combined to produce meaningful word-groups and sentences D) is the position of an element E) is syntagmatic relation observed between syntactic units 107. Syntactic position.... А) is the position of an element B) is the function of a unit on the basis of which it is included to a larger unit C) may be described as the distributional formula of the unit (pattern) D) is the way in which separate word meanings are combined to produce meaningful word-groups and sentences E) is syntagmatic relation observed between syntactic units 108. Syntactic relations.... А) are syntagmatic relations observed between syntactic units B) are the positions of an element C) are the functions of a unit on the basis of which it is included to a larger unit D) may be described as the distributional formulas of the unit (pattern) E) are the ways in which separate word meanings are combined to produce meaningful word-groups and sentences 109. Textual basic integrative properties can be described with the help of the notions of.... A) coherence, cohesion and deixis B) coherence, cohesion and delux C) glotal, cohesion and deixis D) coherence, interdental and deixis E) coherence, cohesion and fricative 110. Coherence.... A) is a semantic or topical unity of the spoken or written text B) is a succession of spoken or written sentences C) means identification by pointing D) is the way in which separate word meanings are combined to produce meaningful word-groups and sentences E) is the position of an element 111. Cohesion.... A) is a succession of spoken or written sentences B ) is a semantic or topical unity of the spoken or written text C) means identification by pointing D) is the way in which separate word meanings are combined to produce meaningful word-groups and sentences E) is the position of an element 112. Deixis.... A) means identification by pointing B ) is a semantic or topical unity of the spoken or written text C) is a succession of spoken or written sentences D) is the way in which separate word meanings are combined to produce meaningful word-groups and sentences E) is the position of an element 113.... is a semantic or topical unity of the spoken or written text. A) Coherence B) Cohesion C) Deixis D) Predication E) Avens 114.... is a succession of spoken or written sentences. A) Cohesion B) Coherence C) Deixis D) Avens E) Predication 115.... means identification by pointing. A) Deixis B) Cohesion C) Coherence D) Avens E) Predication 116. The term ‘pragmatics’ was first introduced by.... A) Charles Morris B) G.Pocheptsov. C) Henry Sweet D) Ferdinand de Saussure E) Wilhelm von Humboldt 117. … are the functions of the indefinite article A) The classifying function, the indefinitizing function, the introductory function and the quantifying function B) The classifying function, the adrenomedullary function, the introductory function and the quantifying function C) The adjustment function, the indefinitizing function, the introductory function and the quantifying function D) The adjustment function, the adrenomedullary function, the introductory function and the quantifying function E) The classifying function, the indefinitizing function and the quantifying function 118. The classifying function of the indefinite article …. A) is realized in the classifying utterances B) developed from the word “much” C) is realized when the referent of the noun is not a real thing, but it exists in the speaker’s imagination only D) is used before sharing some information about the object E) is realized when we speak about plurality 119. The indefinitizing function of the indefinite article …. A) is realized when the referent of the noun is not a real thing, but it exists in the speaker’s imagination only B) is realized in the classifying utterances C) developed from the word “much” D) is used before sharing some information about the object E) is realized when we speak about plurality 120. The introductory function of the indefinite article …. A) is used before sharing some information about the object B) is realized when the referent of the noun is not a real thing, but it exists in the speaker’s imagination only C) is realized in the classifying utterances D) developed from the word “much” E) is realized when we speak about plurality 121. The quantifying function of the indefinite article …. A) developed from the numeral “one” B) is realized when the referent of the noun is not a real thing, but it exists in the speaker’s imagination only C) is realized in the classifying utterances D) developed from the word “much” E) is realized when we speak about plurality 122. … are the functions of the definite article. A) The identifying function, the definitizing function and the individualizing function B) The classifying function, the adrenomedullary function, the introductory function and the quantifying function C) The adjustment function, the indefinitizing function, the introductory function and the quantifying function D) The adjustment function, the adrenomedullary function, the introductory function and the quantifying function E) The classifying function, the indefinitizing function and the quantifying function 123. The identifying function, the definitizing function and the individualizing function are the functions of … A) the definite article B) the indefinite article C) zero article D) molded article E) sheet article 124. The classifying function, the indefinitizing function, the introductory function and the quantifying function are the functions of …. A) the indefinite article B) the definite article C) molded article and sheet article D) molded article E) sheet article 125. The term ‘...’ was first introduced by Charles Morris A) ‘pragmatics’ B) ‘syntax’ C) ‘paradigm’ D) ‘zeugma’ E) ‘syntagma’ 126. … is a type of word different from all other types in that it alone has the grammatical category of tense. A) The Verb B) The Noun C) The Adjective D) The Pronoun E) The Adverb 127. Find the principles of the parts of speech classifications. A) Meaning, form, function B) Measure, furniture, fiction C) Moisturizer, flexion, functional D) Meaningless, formless, functionless E) Miniature, furniture, fiction 128. … have the category of number. A) Nouns B) Verbs C) Adjectives D) Conjunctions E) Prepositions 129. … have the category of case. A) Nouns B) Verbs C) Adjectives D) Conjunctions E) Prepositions 130. The noun may be found in the sentence …. A) in any function with the exception of that of a simple verbal predicate B) in the function of subject and object C)in the function of subject, predicative and object D) in the function of subject, attribute and object E) in the function of attribute and object 131. Constructional analysis of syntactic units was initiated by... in 1971. A) Prof. G.Pocheptsov B) Prof. S.G.Ter-Minassova C) Prof.Henry Sweet D) Prof. Ferdinand de Saussure E) Prof.Wilhelm von Humboldt 132.... was initiated by Prof. G.Pocheptsov in 1971. A) Constructional analysis of syntactic units A) Syntactic analysis of phrasal units A) Syntactic analysis of lexemes A) Descriptional analysis of phonemes A) SWOT- analysis of syntactic units 133. In accordance with these criteria (semantic, morphological and syntactic) English words form the following classes: A) the noun, the adjective, the adverb, the pronoun, the numeral, the preposition, the conjunction, the verb. B) the noun, the case, the adverb, the pronoun, the numeral, the preposition, the conjunction, the verb. C) the noun, the pronoun, the numeral, the preposition, the conjunction, the verb. D) the noun, the article, the adjective, the adverb, the pronoun, the numeral, the preposition, the conjunction, the verb. E) the noun, the adjective, the adverb, the pronoun, the numeral, the preposition, the plural form, the verb. 134. In accordance with these criteria English words form the following classes: the noun, the adjective, the adverb, the pronoun, the numeral, the preposition, the conjunction, the verb. A) semantic, morphological and syntactic B) pragmatics, morphological and syntactic C) semantic, syntagmic and syntactic D) pragmatics, syntagmic and syntactic E) semantic, morphological and paradigmatic 135. Semantic, morphological and syntactic - criteria of the English …. A) words formation B) sounds formation C) phonemes formation D) words pronunciation E) words articulation 136. One of the chief features characterizing an analytical language is…. A) a wide use of prepositions which denote relations between objects and to connect words in the sentence B) a wide use of conjunctions which denote relations between objects and to connect words in the sentence C) a wide use of prepositions which denote relations between objects and to connect sounds in the sentence D) a wide use of morphemes which denote relations between objects and to connect words in the sentence E) a wide use of syllables which denote relations between objects and to connect words in the sentence 137. … is used to denote a quality or feature of an object. A) The adjective B) The noun C) The verb D) The pronoun E) The number 138. Adjectives have two main syntactical functions: they may be used as …. A) attributes or predicatives B) subject and predicate C) subject and attribute D) object and predicate E) predicate and adverbial modifier of manner 139. … is generally used to denote some circumstances or characteristic features of an event, its time, place, manner. A) The adverb B) The noun C) The verb D) The pronoun E) The number 140. … may be subdivided into the following groups: time or frequency, place or direction, manner, measure or degree, interrogative, connective adverbs A) Adverbs B) The noun C) The verb D) The pronoun E) The number 141. … are otherwise, however, nevertheless, yet, still, therefore A) Connective adverbs B) Adverbs of time or frequency C) Adverbs of place or direction D) Adverbs of manner E) Adverbs of measure or degree 142. Now, then, after, before, yesterday, tomorrow, often, always, seldom, ever, never, already, still are … A) adverbs of time or frequency B) adverbs of place or direction C) adverbs of manner D) adverbs of measure or degree E) interrogative adverbs 143. Outside, inside, up, down, here, there, forward, backward, north, south are …. A) adverbs of place or direction B) adverbs of time or frequency C) adverbs of manner D) adverbs of measure or degree E) interrogative adverbs 144. Well, badly, quickly, slowly, kindly, beautifully are …. A) adverbs of manner B) adverbs of place or direction C) adverbs of time or frequency D) adverbs of measure or degree E) interrogative adverbs 145.Half, much, little, nearly, almost, quite, hardly, exceedingly, enough, too, rather are …. A) adverbs of measure or degree B) adverbs of manner C) adverbs of place or direction D) adverbs of time or frequency E) interrogative adverbs 146. Where, when, why, how are …. A) interrogative adverbs B) adverbs of manner C) adverbs of place or direction D) adverbs of time or frequency E) interrogative adverbs 147.... are subdivided into personal, possessive, demonstrative, definite, negative, reflexive, interrogative and reciprocal. A) Pronouns B) Adverbs C) Nouns D) Verbs E) Numbers 148. … are words which denote the number of some objects. A) Numerals B) Adverbs C) Nouns D) Verbs E) Pronouns 149. The grammatical structure of language comprises two major parts – A) morphology and syntax. A) phonology and syntax. A) morphology and semantics. A) phonology and semantics. A) morphology and didactic. 150. … denotes the relations between the given object and other objects, phenomena or events. A) The preposition B) The pronoun C) The adverb D) The noun E) The verb 151. English is… A) Mainly an analytical language B) A synthetic language C) An agglutinative language D) An asyndetic language E) An Asian language 152. What are two main parts of theoretical grammar? A) Morphology and syntax B) Morphology and phrase C) Morphology and sentence D) Morpheme and word E) Syntax and text 153. Which one is not a type of word-form derivation? A) Subject B) Synthetic type C) Analytical type D) Supplative formation E) Sound alteration 154. Choose the correct definition of a morpheme: A) It is the smallest meaningful unit of the word B) It is the biggest part of the sentence C) It is a secondary member of the sentence D) It is predication E) It is a syntactic bond 155. Affixal morphemes are subdivided into … A) Prefixes and suffixes B) Phonemes and allomorphs C) Inner inflexion and outer inflexion D) Allomorphs and morphemes E) Root morphemes and inflexions 156. Supplative formation is characterised by … A) A complete change of the root B) Affixation C) An analytical form of the word D) A change of a grammatical meaning E) A formation of past simple. 157.Henry Sweet divided all parts of speech into … A) Declinable and indeclinable B) Lexical and grammatical C) Animate and inanimate D) Continuous and discontinuous E) Modal and auxiliary 158. Ch. Fries divided all parts of speech into… A) 4 classes and 15 groups B) Animate and inanimate C) Perfect and non-perfect D) Passive and active E) Notional and structural 159. Point out the principles of classification of parts of speech: A) Meaning, form, function B) Meaning, form, predication C) Meaning, form, coordination D) Function, meaning, sentence E) Negative form, positive form 160. All parts of speech can be divided into … A) Notional and structural B) Morphological and structural C) Four classes (article, verb, preposition and numeral) D) Covert and overt E) Lexical and syntactic 161. Noun as a part of speech has a categorial meaning of A) Substance B) Process C) Property D) Quality E) Quantity 162. What does the category of case express? A) The relation between the thing denoted by the noun and other things B) The relation between the verb and the other verb C) The relation between the noun and the numeral D) The relation between the noun and the article E) The relation between the thing and the subject 163.Which of the following is not a meaning of the genitive case: A) Common case B) Possessive genitive C) Genitive of measure D) Descriptive genitive E) Genitive of origin 164. The category of time-correlation shows … A) If the action is viewed as prior to other situations or irrespective of them B) The tense of the verbs C) The aspect of the verb D) If the subject of the sentence is the agent or object of the action E) If the action is real or not 165. The category of voice is based on the opposition of… A) Passive and active voice B) Perfect and non-perfect form C) Continuous and non-continuous form D) Direct and indirect form E) Reflexive or reciprocal voice 166. The category of Mood shows the relation between … A) The action expressed by the predicate verb and reality B) The thing denoted by the noun and other things C) The verb and the other verb D) The noun and the numeral E) The noun and the article 167. What is the main problem of the category of tense? A) The number of tenses B) The meaning of tenses C) The case of tenses D) The gender of tenses E) The absence of discontinuous morpheme 168. What are the subclasses of the adjectives? A) Qualitative and relative B) Abstract and concrete C) Collective and class D) Animate and inanimate E) Singular and plural 169. What is the status of the article? A) It’s a part of speech B) It’s a phrase C) It’s a supra-phrasal unit D) It’s a clause E) It’s a connector 170. What is the meaning of prepositions? A) Relation between things and phenomena B) Quantity C) Points to things D) Property E) Direction 171. What are the main syntactic notions? A) The phrase and the sentence B) The word and the morpheme. C) The theme and the rheme D) The noun and the verb E) The figures and numbers 172. What syntactic functions do you know? A) Subject, predicate, object, attribute and adverbial modifier B) Subject and predicate C) Word order and prosody D) Predication, coordination and subordination E) Declarative and interrogative 173. What is a syntactic bond? A) A syntagmatic relation between word-forms, word-groups and sentences B) A syntactic function C) The meaning of the words D) A sentence E) A clause 174. Which of the following is not a syntactic bond? A) Speculation B) Predication C) Subordination D) Coordination E) Cumulation 175. Which of the following are the types of the Object: A) Direct, indirect, complex and cognate B) Simple, compound nominal, compound verbal C) Formal and informal D) Semi-composite and semi-compound E) Elementary and compound 176. Type of syntactic bond between the headword and the adjunct is … A) Subordination B) Predication C) Coordination D) Cumulation E) Speculation 177. Type of syntactic bond between the subject and the predicate is … A) Predication B) Subordination C) Coordination D) Cumulation E) Speculation 178.Coordination is a syntactic bond which exists between… A) The units of syntactically equal rank B) The units of unequal rank C) The subject and predicate D) The head-word and the adjunct E) The predicate and object 179. The main two principles of classification of the phrase are according to… A) The head component and the structure B) The purpose of the utterance and the structure C) The members of the sentence D) The head-word and adjunct E) The coordination and predication 180. According to the structure the phrase may be… A) Simple or compound B) Two member or one member C) Closed or open D) Fixed or flexible E) Coordinate or predicative 181. What is the composition of the following phrase: “out of” A) Functional words B) Notional words C) Notional and functional words D) Modal words E) Conjunctions 182. From the point of view of their structure, sentences can be: A) Simple or composite B) Affirmative, declarative, negative C) Subordinate or principle D) Pronominal or suggestive. E) Rhetorical, alternative. 183. What members are called the secondary members of the sentence? A) The object, the attribute and the adverbial modifier B) The subject and the object C) The object and the predicate D) The subject and the predicate E) The second member after the subject 184. Which of the following is a main member of the sentence? A) A subject B) An attribute C) An adverbial modifier D) A part of object E) The main clause 185. One-member sentence is a sentence … A) Which contains only one principal member B) With one word omitted C) With one clause D) Which contains only one adjective E) Which contains one thing 186. The compound sentences consists of two or more… A) Clauses of equal rank, which form one syntactical whole in the meaning and intonation B) Clauses, one is the basic element, whereas the other is a part of the first C) Phrases D) Words E) Nouns 187. Semi-complex sentence is a sentence with… A) Predicative constructions B) Two equal clauses C) Two members D) One member E) No clauses 188. Semi-compound sentence is a sentence with … A) Homogeneous predicates B) Predicative constructions C) Two equal clauses D) One member E) No clauses 189. What is another term for the “Actual Division of the sentence”? A) Functional sentence perspective B) Member of the sentence C) Composite sentence D) Elliptical sentence E) Parts of the sentence model 190. What are two principal types of texts? A) The monologue and the dialogue B) The monologue and the supra-phrasal unit C) The question and the answer D) The order and the request E) The statement and the question 191. Note the hierarchy of the language levels from the lowest to the highest. A) phonological, morphological, syntactical, supersyntactical B) morphological, phonological, syntactical, supersyntactical C) phonological, syntactical, morphological, supersyntactical D) phonological, morphological, supersyntactical, syntactical E) phonological, syntactical, supersyntactical, morphological 192. Note the hierarchy of the language levels from the highest to the lowest. A) supersyntactical, syntactical, morphological, phonological B) syntactical, supersyntactical, morphological, phonological, C) supersyntactical, syntactical, phonological, morphological D) phonological, morphological, supersyntactical, syntactical E) phonological, syntactical, supersyntactical, morphological 193. Define the list of relative adjectives: A) surgical, mediaeval, tabular B) supreme, reddish, hearty C) extreme, pretty, low D) awkward, complete, round E) good, tight, bright 194. Define the list of qualitative adjectives: A) extravagant, reddish, hearty B) surgical, mediaeval, tabular C) woolen, wooden, silver D) leather, biological, daily E) defensive, industrial, temporary 195. State the lexico-grammatical class of the following noun “cat” A) animate, non-human, countable, concrete B) inanimate, non-human, countable, concrete C) animate, human, countable, concrete D) inanimate, non-human, countable, abstract E) inanimate, non-human, countable, abstract 196. State the lexico-grammatical class of the following noun “man” A) animate, human, countable, concrete B) inanimate, non-human, countable, concrete C) inanimate, non-human, countable, abstract D) inanimate, non-human, countable, abstract. E) animate, human, uncountable, concrete 197. State the lexico-grammatical class of the following noun “life” A) inanimate, non-human, countable, abstract. B) animate, human, countable, concrete C) inanimate, non-human, countable, concrete D) animate, human, countable, concrete E) inanimate, non-human, uncountable, abstract 198. State the lexico-grammatical class of the following noun “company” A) inanimate, non-human, countable, concrete B) animate, human, countable, concrete C) inanimate, non-human, countable, abstract D) inanimate, non-human, uncountable, concrete E) animate, non-human, countable, concrete 199. State the lexico-grammatical class of the following noun “taste” A) inanimate, non-human, countable, abstract B) animate, human, countable, concrete C) inanimate, non-human, countable, concrete D) inanimate, non-human, uncountable, abstract E) inanimate, non-human, uncountable, concrete 200. State the lexico-grammatical class of the following noun “hair” A) inanimate, non-human, uncountable, concrete B) inanimate, non-human, countable, concrete C) inanimate, non-human, countable, abstract D) inanimate, non-human, uncountable, abstract E) animate, non-human, uncountable, concrete 201. State what part of speech the underlined word belongs to: The snow soon turned to rain. A) Adverb B) Noun C) Adjective D) Word of the category of state A) Preposition B) Adjective C) Word of the category of state D) Auxiliary verb E) Preposition 203. State what part of speech the underlined word belongs to: He fell sick. A) Adjective B) Adverb C) Noun D) Word of the category of state E) Preposition A) Word of the category of state B) Adverb C) Noun D) Adjective E) Preposition 205. State what part of speech the underlined word belongs to: Her dreams have come true. A) Auxiliary verb B) Adverb C) Verb D) Adjective E) Modal verb 206. State what part of speech the underlined word belongs to: There used to be a cinema here before the war. A) Preposition B) Adverb C) Conjunction D) Interjection 207.Word of the category of state A) Possessive B) Reflexive C) Demonstrative D) Interrogative 208.Indefinite A) Reflexive B) Demonstrative C) Interrogative D) Indefinite E) Reciprocal 209.Explain to what classes of pronouns the following pronouns belong to: That, these, this, those, such, so A) Demonstrative B) Interrogative C) Indefinite D) Reciprocal E) Reciprocal 210.Explain to what classes of pronouns the following pronouns belong to: Which, what, why, who, where, which. A) Interrogative B) Possessive C) Reflexive D) Demonstrative E) Indefinite 211. Explain to what classes of pronouns the following pronouns belong to: Some, something, someone, one, any, anybody, anyone, anything, no, nobody, none A) Indefinite B) Negative C) Interrogative D) Possessive E) Reflexive 212.Explain to what classes of pronouns the following pronouns belong to: Each other, one another A) Reciprocal B) Possessive C) Reflexive D) Demonstrative E) Indefinite 213. Explain to what classes of pronouns the following pronouns belong to: Neither, all, each, both, either, every, everything, everybody A) Universal B) Possessive C) Indefinite D) Reciprocal E) Negative 214. According to the type of syntagmatic relations word-groups can be divided into: A) coordinate, subordinate, predicative B) simple, expanded, extended C) premodification, postmodification, mixed modification D) limiters, determiners, adjectiavals E) coordinate,qualitative, predicative 215. According to the structure word-groups can be divided into: A) simple, expanded, extended B) coordinate, subordinate, predicative C) coordinate,qualitative, predicative D) simple, adjectiavals, limiters E) premodification, postmodification, mixed modification 216. The noun-phrase consists of a noun-head and an adjunct or adjuncts with relations of modification between them. Three types of modification are distinguished here: A) pre-modification, post-modification, mixed modification B) simple modification, expanded modification, extended modification C) limiter modification, determiner modification, adjectiaval modification D) coordinate modification,qualitative modification, predicative modification E) coordinate modification, subordinate modification, predicative modification 217. Pre-adjectivals occupy the position before adjectivals. They fall into two groups: A) limiters, determiners B) coordinate, subordinate C) pre-adjectivals and adjectiavals. D) qualitative, predicative E) expanded, extended 218.Noun-phrases with post-posed may be classified according to the way of connection into: A) prepositionless and prepositional B) coordinate, subordinate C) limiters, determiners D) expanded, extended E) qualitative, predicative 219. Verb-phrases can be classified according to the nature of their complements into: A) nominal, adverbial and mixed complementation. B) premodification, postmodification, mixed modification C) simple, expanded, extended D) coordinate,qualitative, predicative E) nominal, adverbial 220. Define the example of expanded structure of the Verb-phrase: A) to write and issue the novel, to cook soap and beefsteak B) to read an English book. C) to give examples D) to learn by heart the English texts E) to play games 221. According to the structure Verb-Phrases may be classified into: A) basic, expanded, extended B) coordinate,qualitative, predicative C) nominal, adverbial D) coordinate, subordinate E) basic, coordinate 222. The grammatical relations observed in Noun-Phrases with pre-posed adjuncts may convey the following meanings: A) subject-predicate relations, object relations, adverbial relations B) prepositionless, propositional C) pre-modification, post-modification, mixed modification D) nominal, adverbial E) basic, expanded, extended 223. Define an example of subject-predicate relations: A) weather change B) health service, women hater C) morning star D) world peace, country house E) button eyes 224. Major parts of the grammatical structure of language are: A) morphology and syntax B) morphology and lexicology C) syntax and phonetics D) phonetics and morphology E) syntax and phraseology 225.What are the units morphology deals with? A) Morpheme and word B) Morpheme and sentence C) Word and sentence D) Words and word-groups E) Sentence and text 226.What does the units syntax deal with? A) Word-groups, sentences and texts B) Morphemes and words C) Morphemes and sentences D) Morphemes and word-groups E) Texts and separate words 227.What does the syntactic unit mean? A) A combination that has at least two constituents B) A combination that consists only of nouns C) Derived noun D) Morpheme E) Predicate 228.How many types of syntactic relations exist? A) 3 B) 2 C) 6 D) 4 E) 5 229. What is the distributional formula of the syntactic unit? A) Syntactic form B) Syntactic function C) Syntactic meaning D) Syntactic relation E) All answers are right 230.Who introduced the Speech Act Theory? A) John Austin B) G.Pocheptsov C) Zelling Harris D) Noam Chomsky E) V.V.Vinogradov 231.Which syntactic theory reduces the endless variety of sentences in a language to finite number of kernels? A) Transformational-Generative Grammar B) Constructional Syntax C) Communicative Syntax D) Pragmatic E) Textlinguistics 232.Which syntactic theory is based on the obligatory or optional environment of syntactic elements? A) Constructional Syntax B) Transformational-Generative Grammar C) Pragmatic D) Communicative Syntax E) Textlinguistics 233.Morphological categories and their realization are studied by: A) Morphology B) Syntax C) Lexicology D) Phraseology E) Phonetics 234. The most essential features of the sentence as a linguistic unit are: A) Its structural and semantic characteristics B) Its phonemic and structural characteristics C) Its phonemic and semantic characteristics D) Its structural and syntactic characteristics E) Its semantic and syntactic characteristics 235.All groups of words are arranged in: A) Levels B) Structures C) Units D) Sentences E) Parts of speech 236. Syntactic processes may be: A) Internal and external B) Integrative and instrumental C) Internal and instrumental D) External and integrative E) Internal 237.… involve no changes in the structure of the parts of the sentence. A) Internal syntactic processes B) External syntactic processes C) Internal and external processes D) Integrative syntactic processes E) Instrumental syntactic processes 238.…are those that cause new relations within a syntactic unit and lead to appearance of a new part of the sentence. A) External syntactic processes B) Internal syntactic processes C) Internal and external processes D) Integrative syn
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