TelevisionThe television set is evidently the most important and popular electronic product of all time. All homes in developed countries have one or more TV sets and in many countries there are considerably more TV sets than telephones. But in 1939 at the World’s Fair in New York a tine nine-by twelve inch box was the first to see a television set in action. Compared to today’s TV shows of underwater and outer-space research, those first black-white pictures were not very good. The pictures were only transmitted from one side of the Fair territory to the other. But in 1939 they were of historical importance. Within a few days the news of television spread throughout the world. A lot of people wanted to have a look1 at the new invention. Everyone was interested in it. But only few people owned gets in the next few years. When World War II broke out2 electronic factories that began the TV production stopped making them and started making war materials instead. When the war was over, TV gets began coming off factory assembly lines. By 1958 there were millions of them. In a surprisingly short time people watched fewer films and from newspapers and magazines to TV. In its short history television has had great influence on people’s life and way of thinking. Rocket-launching, concerts and football and tennis matches be seen direct as they occur. The boundaries of time and space disappeared. At present TV communication is provided with the help of a system of artificial earth satellites so that people living in different time are able to watch the central TV programs at the most hours. Then we saw how a new technical invention, color television, was rapidly replacing black-and-white television. Recently it was reported that the first pocket-size3 color television set had been developed. It was stated that a liquid-crystal display4 was used similar to those on calculators and watches and that it weighed less than a pound. A few years ago it became evident that the next major advance for TV would be digital television. In a digital system the usual continuous signal is replaced by a digital code containing detailed information on brightness, color, etc. A digital TV set hangs on the wall like a picture. Essentially, it is a minicomputer with a visual display. Once a week5 you put the programs you like into the memory, and the TV set will automatically switch on the desired channel at the right time. You can watch several programs simultaneously on miniscreens and then produce one of them in full for mat. Also, the TV set can automatically video-record the programs when you are absent or occupied. By the end of 1980s television has moved to a new and the most important stage in its development since the appearance of color television. Technically it is called high-definition television (HDTV) 6 or Hi-Vision. This is the much higher resolution television7 of the 21st century. This revolution was started by Japanese manufacturers when they developed a new video system with a picture resembling a wide-screen film more than traditional television. The new system increases the screen`s width-to-height ratio8 (16:9). The result is a picture several times sharper than in the existing TV sets. Besides, recent developments in plasma display panel technology9 make HDTV commercially practicable. The plasma display makes it possible to produce a large, bright, color, flat TV screen so thin and light that it can also be hung on a wall like a framed picture. The engineering problem that has existed almost since the first days of television may be solved now.
Notes to the Text
1. to have a look – взглянуть, посмотреть 2. to broke out – начаться, разразиться 3. pocket-size – карманный 4. liquid-crystal display – устройство изображения на жидких кристаллах 5. Once a week – раз в неделю 6. high-definition television (HDTV) – телевидение высокой четкости 7. high resolution television – телевидение с большим разрешением 8. width-to-height ratio – отношение ширины к высоте 9. plasma display panel technology – производство плазменных панелей
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