Lesson-31

Text:Super phones

Not long ago it became known that cell phone manufacturers were experimenting with several different designs for the handheld devices that would be linked to the advanced wireless networks of the future. If these machines really are to become digital companions, they will have to be versatile, adaptable and fashionable (модный). Companies such as Nokia, Ericsson and Motorola are working on the third-generation «super phone» that will look quite different from existing cell phones. In fact, calling them phones seems absurd (неразумный). They will have built-in colour screens several inches square for presentation of high resolution graphics and video. Some may have a keyboard and miniature mouse for data input, but most of them will use touch-sensitive (сенсорный) screens and styluses (перо, пишущий узел) like those employed now by the handheld computers.

In addition to carrying voice communication, the super phone will also be able to play music files that are circulating on the Web in the most popular MP3 format (or in whatever format may replace it).

Объясните значение следующих словосочетаний.

Например: material properties- the properties of a material;

Colour monitor- a monitor that works in colour;

Company’s database- the database which belongs to the company

1. light beams

2. pixel number

3. eye movements

4. director’s computer

5. printing device

6. new generation computer

7. pocket-sized computer

8. handheld phones

9. high resolution display

10.high speed electronic circuits

11.computer controlled production equipment

 

 

Подберите к словам из колонки А их объяснение из колонки В.

A B

1. Pixel a. the maximum number pixels in horizontal and vertical directions of the

Screen

2. Monitor b. the results produced by a computer

3. Resolution c. the smallest element of a display surface

4. Character d. read the image as a series of pixels to enter information into the computer’s

Memory

5. Computer e. the picture tube of the display which is made of glass and contains a

Vacuum

6. CRT f. a CRT device which displays the computer output

7. Image g. a symbol available on the keyboard

8. Scan h. the machine that stores and processes data

9. Output I. a picture or what is seen on a television or computer screen

 

Заполните пропуски словами:

 

Pixel certain Web stylus chip perform CPU mouse

 

1. A … is a tiny piece of silicon containing a set of integrated circuits. 2. The … directs and coordinates the operations taking place within the computer system. 3. The arithmetic logic units … calculations on the data. 4. The common name for picture elements is….5. On colour systems, each pixel is a… combination of the three primary colours: red, green, and blue. 6. … is a system by which one can navigate through the Internet and find news, pictures, virtual museums, electronic magazines- any topic you can imagine. 7. What makes the … especially useful is that it is a very quick way to move around on a screen. 8. A…. is a pen-like input device used to write directly on the screen to enter data.

 

Answer the questions:

1. What would be linked to the advanced wireless networks of the future?

2.What companies worked on the third – generation “super phone”?

3.What are the features of super-phones?

4.How will the super phone be able to play music files?

5.What format may it replace?

Test

1.Call phones ____ were experimenting with different designs.

a) buyers b)manufactures c)customers d)fans

 

2.____ such as Nokia, Sony Ericsson and Motorola are working on the third – generation “super phone”

a)organization b)manufactures c)companies d)shops

 

3.Handheld devices would be linked to the ____

a)electricity b)wireless networks c)battery d)computers

 

4.They have a keyboard and miniatures mouse for____

a)data input b)watch c)computers d)TV

 

Glossary

English	Russian	Kazakh
Beams Handheld Output Input Generation	Луч Ручной Продукция Ввод Поколение	Сәуле Қолға ұстайтын Өнім Кіру Ұрпақ

SIW

Write an essay ”New generation mobile phone

SIWT

Exercises-4-5 p.124-125 Orlovskaya I.V. “English”

 

Literature:1. Orlovskaya I.V.”English”-Moskow-2007

2. Raymond Murphy”Essential Grammar in Use”

3.John Eastwood”Oxford practice grammar”

 

Lesson-32

PAST CONTINUOUS

1. Past continuous - form.
The past continuous of any verb is composed of two parts: the past tense of the verb to be (was/were), and the base of the main verb + ing.

Subject	was/were	base-ing
They	were	watching
Affirmative
She	was	reading
Negative
She	wasn't	reading
Interrogative
Was	she	reading?
Interrogative negative
Wasn't	she	reading?

Example: to play, past continuous

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
I was playing	I was not playing	Was I playing?
You were playing	You were not playing	Were you playing?
He, she, it was playing	She wasn't playing	Was she playing?
We were playing	We weren't playing	Were we playing?
You were playing	You weren't playing	Were you playing?
They were playing	They weren't playing	Were they playing?

2. Past continuous, function
The past continuous describes actions or events in a time before now, which began in the past and was still going on at the time of speaking. In other words, it expresses an unfinished or incomplete action in the past.

It is used:

 often, to describe the background in a story written in the past tense, e.g. "The sun was shining and the birds were singing as the elephant came out of the jungle. The other animals were relaxing in the shade of the trees, but the elephant moved very quickly. She was looking for her baby, and she didn't notice the hunter who was watching her through his binoculars. When the shot rang out, she was running towards the river..."

 to describe an unfinished action that was interrupted by another event or action: "I was having a beautiful dream when the alarm clock rang."

 to express a change of mind: e.g. "I was going to spend the day at the beach but I've decided to go on an excursion instead."

 with 'wonder', to make a very polite request: e.g. "I was wondering if you could baby-sit for me tonight."

More examples:

a. They were waiting for the bus when the accident happened.
b. Caroline was skiing when she broke her leg.
c. When we arrived he was having a bath.
d. When the fire started I was watching television.

The past continuous
a. Use
The Past Continuous tense is used to express continuous, ongoing actions which took place in the past. In the following examples, the verbs in the Past Continuous tense are underlined.
e.g. He was traveling in Europe last summer.
They were playing tennis yesterday afternoon.

The Past Continuous tense is frequently used to refer to an ongoing action which was taking place when something else occurred in the past.
e.g. I was washing the dishes when the telephone rang.
We were entertaining friends when the parcel arrived.

In the first example, the use of the Past Continuous tense indicates that the action of washing the dishes was taking place at the time when the telephone rang. In the second example, the use of the Past Continuous tense indicates that the action of entertaining friends was taking place at the time when the parcel arrived.

b. Formation
The Past Continuous tense is formed from the Simple Past of the auxiliary to be, followed by the present participle of the verb. For example, the Past Continuous of the verb to work is conjugated as follows:

I was working

you were working

he was working

she was working

it was working

we were working

they were working

c. Questions and negative statements
As is the case with other English tenses, questions and negative statements in the Past Continuous are formed using the auxiliary.

Questions are formed by placing the auxiliary before the subject. For example:

Affirmative Statement	Question
I was working.	Was I working?
They were working.	Were they working?

Negative statements are formed by placing the word not after the
auxiliary. For example:

Affirmative Statement	Negative Statement
I was working.	I was not working.
They were working.	They were not working.

In spoken English, the contractions wasn't and weren't are often used.

Negative questions are formed by placing the auxiliary before the subject, and the word not after the subject. However, when contractions are used, the contracted form of not immediately follows the auxiliary. The following are examples of negative questions with and without contractions:

Without Contractions	With Contractions
Was I not working?	Wasn't I working?
Were they not working?	Weren't they working?

Tag questions are formed using the auxiliary. In the following examples, the negative tag questions are underlined. Contractions are usually used in negative tag questions. For example:

Affirmative Statement	Affirmative Statement with Tag Question
I was working.	I was working, wasn't I?
They were working.	They were working, weren't they?

SIW

Make a dialogue"What were you doing yesterday at...?"

SIWT

p.290-ex.227,228

Literature

1.Ionina A.A.English Grammar

2 “English Grammar in use’ by R. Murphy.